break

英 [breɪk] 美 [breɪk]

• v. 打碎；折断；违背；解决；中断；透露；变弱；锐减；结束
• n. 破裂；休息；中断；急冲；好运

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 打破,折断,弄坏

   cause a thing to come into two or more pieces, either on purpose or by chance

2. vt. 破坏,违反

   fail to fulfil (an agreement), keep (a promise), or obey (a law)

3. vt. 终止,中断

   come to an end in some way; interrupt

4. vt. 透露,说出

   speak out

5. vt. 打破(纪录)

   do better than

6. vt. 削弱,减轻

   fail, be destroyed, or suffer a complete loss

7. vi. 破晓,突然出现

   dawn, come suddenly into being

n. (名词)

1. [C]裂口,裂缝; 破裂

   opening by made breaking

2. [C]间歇,中间休息; (电)断路

   a pause for rest between activities

3. [C]改变; 中断

   change or interruption in sth continuous

4. [C]机会

   a chance

5. [C]逃跑

   an escape especially from prison

6. [U]天亮,拂晓

   dawn

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 打破，使碎裂，砸破，割破 ，损坏；破碎
2. 透露
3. 违反，背弃
4. 说出
5. 破晓
6. 使破产
7. 中断，切断，中止
8. 兑开
9. 冲破
10. 闯入
11. 使垮掉，垮掉
12. 制服
13. 使放弃习惯
14. 强行逃脱
15. 突然发生
16. 突然传出
17. 折断，打断
18. 散开
19. 划分
20. 突破
21. 突变
22. 逐步崩溃，土崩瓦解
23. 分裂
24. 使流血
25. 稍停

n. 名词

1. 暂停，间歇
2. 破晓
3. 破裂
4. 休息，课间休息
5. 折断
6. 裂缝
7. 越狱
8. 中断，断绝，绝裂
9. 骤变
10. <口>机会
11. 好运
12. 逃亡
13. 一次连续得分
14. 【网】发球一方输掉的发球局
15. 破损

英英释义

Noun:

1. some abrupt occurrence that interrupts an ongoing activity;

   "the telephone is an annoying interruption"
   "there was a break in the action when a player was hurt"
   

2. an unexpected piece of good luck;

   "he finally got his big break"
   

3. (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other;

   "they built it right over a geological fault"
   "he studied the faulting of the earth's crust"
   

4. a personal or social separation (as between opposing factions);

   "they hoped to avoid a break in relations"
   

5. a pause from doing something (as work);

   "we took a 10-minute break"
   "he took time out to recuperate"
   

6. the act of breaking something;

   "the breakage was unavoidable"
   

7. a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of something

8. breaking of hard tissue such as bone;

   "it was a nasty fracture"
   "the break seems to have been caused by a fall"
   

9. the occurrence of breaking;

   "the break in the dam threatened the valley"
   

10. an abrupt change in the tone or register of the voice (as at puberty or due to emotion);

    "then there was a break in her voice"
    

11. the opening shot that scatters the balls in billiards or pool

12. (tennis) a score consisting of winning a game when your opponent was serving;

    "he was up two breaks in the second set"
    

13. an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity;

    "it was presented without commercial breaks"
    "there was a gap in his account"
    

14. a sudden dash;

    "he made a break for the open door"
    

15. any frame in which a bowler fails to make a strike or spare;

    "the break in the eighth frame cost him the match"
    

16. an escape from jail;

    "the breakout was carefully planned"
    

Verb:

1. terminate;

   "She interrupted her pregnancy"
   "break a lucky streak"
   "break the cycle of poverty"
   

2. become separated into pieces or fragments;

   "The figurine broke"
   "The freshly baked loaf fell apart"
   

3. render inoperable or ineffective;

   "You broke the alarm clock when you took it apart!"
   

4. ruin completely;

   "He busted my radio!"
   

5. destroy the integrity of; usually by force; cause to separate into pieces or fragments;

   "He broke the glass plate"
   "She broke the match"
   

6. act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises;

   "offend all laws of humanity"
   "violate the basic laws or human civilization"
   "break a law"
   "break a promise"
   

7. move away or escape suddenly;

   "The horses broke from the stable"
   "Three inmates broke jail"
   "Nobody can break out--this prison is high security"
   

8. scatter or part;

   "The clouds broke after the heavy downpour"
   

9. force out or release suddenly and often violently something pent up;

   "break into tears"
   "erupt in anger"
   

10. prevent completion;

    "stop the project"
    "break off the negotiations"
    

11. enter someone's (virtual or real) property in an unauthorized manner, usually with the intent to steal or commit a violent act;

    "Someone broke in while I was on vacation"
    "They broke into my car and stole my radio!"
    "who broke into my account last night?"
    

12. make submissive, obedient, or useful;

    "The horse was tough to break"
    "I broke in the new intern"
    

13. fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns;

    "This sentence violates the rules of syntax"
    

14. surpass in excellence;

    "She bettered her own record"
    "break a record"
    

15. make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret;

    "The auction house would not disclose the price at which the van Gogh had sold"
    "The actress won't reveal how old she is"
    "bring out the truth"
    "he broke the news to her"
    "unwrap the evidence in the murder case"
    

16. come into being;

    "light broke over the horizon"
    "Voices broke in the air"
    

17. stop operating or functioning;

    "The engine finally went"
    "The car died on the road"
    "The bus we travelled in broke down on the way to town"
    "The coffee maker broke"
    "The engine failed on the way to town"
    "her eyesight went after the accident"
    

18. interrupt a continued activity;

    "She had broken with the traditional patterns"
    

19. make a rupture in the ranks of the enemy or one's own by quitting or fleeing;

    "The ranks broke"
    

20. curl over and fall apart in surf or foam, of waves;

    "The surf broke"
    

21. lessen in force or effect;

    "soften a shock"
    "break a fall"
    

22. be broken in;

    "If the new teacher won't break, we'll add some stress"
    

23. come to an end;

    "The heat wave finally broke yesterday"
    

24. vary or interrupt a uniformity or continuity;

    "The flat plain was broken by tall mesas"
    

25. cause to give up a habit;

    "She finally broke herself of smoking cigarettes"
    

26. give up;

    "break cigarette smoking"
    

27. come forth or begin from a state of latency;

    "The first winter storm broke over New York"
    

28. happen or take place;

    "Things have been breaking pretty well for us in the past few months"
    

29. cause the failure or ruin of;

    "His peccadilloes finally broke his marriage"
    "This play will either make or break the playwright"
    

30. invalidate by judicial action;

    "The will was broken"
    

31. discontinue an association or relation; go different ways;

    "The business partners broke over a tax question"
    "The couple separated after 25 years of marriage"
    "My friend and I split up"
    

32. assign to a lower position; reduce in rank;

    "She was demoted because she always speaks up"
    "He was broken down to Sergeant"
    

33. reduce to bankruptcy;

    "My daughter's fancy wedding is going to break me!"
    "The slump in the financial markets smashed him"
    

34. change directions suddenly

35. emerge from the surface of a body of water;

    "The whales broke"
    

36. break down, literally or metaphorically;

    "The wall collapsed"
    "The business collapsed"
    "The dam broke"
    "The roof collapsed"
    "The wall gave in"
    "The roof finally gave under the weight of the ice"
    

37. do a break dance;

    "Kids were break-dancing at the street corner"
    

38. exchange for smaller units of money;

    "I had to break a $100 bill just to buy the candy"
    

39. destroy the completeness of a set of related items;

    "The book dealer would not break the set"
    

40. make the opening shot that scatters the balls

41. separate from a clinch, in boxing;

    "The referee broke the boxers"
    

42. go to pieces;

    "The lawn mower finally broke"
    "The gears wore out"
    "The old chair finally fell apart completely"
    

43. break a piece from a whole;

    "break a branch from a tree"
    

44. become punctured or penetrated;

    "The skin broke"
    

45. pierce or penetrate;

    "The blade broke her skin"
    

46. be released or become known; of news;

    "News of her death broke in the morning"
    

47. cease an action temporarily;

    "We pause for station identification"
    "let's break for lunch"
    

48. interrupt the flow of current in;

    "break a circuit"
    

49. undergo breaking;

    "The simple vowels broke in many Germanic languages"
    

50. find a flaw in;

    "break an alibi"
    "break down a proof"
    

51. find the solution or key to;

    "break the code"
    

52. change suddenly from one tone quality or register to another;

    "Her voice broke to a whisper when she started to talk about her children"
    

53. happen;

    "Report the news as it develops"
    "These political movements recrudesce from time to time"
    

54. become fractured; break or crack on the surface only;

    "The glass cracked when it was heated"
    

55. crack; of the male voice in puberty;

    "his voice is breaking--he should no longer sing in the choir"
    

56. fall sharply;

    "stock prices broke"
    

57. fracture a bone of;

    "I broke my foot while playing hockey"
    

58. diminish or discontinue abruptly;

    "The patient's fever broke last night"
    

59. weaken or destroy in spirit or body;

    "His resistance was broken"
    "a man broken by the terrible experience of near-death"
    

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. If you discover a fire, break the glass to sound the fire alarm.
   如果你发现了火灾,打碎玻璃去弄响火警铃报警。
2. To frighten the dog, he broke a twig from the tree.
   为了吓唬那只狗,他从树上折了一根小树枝。
3. What shocked the workers was that the boss had broken his promise.
   工人们感到震惊的是,老板竟然违背了诺言。
4. The spy had finally broken the code.
   那个间谍最终破译了密码。
5. One hates to break with an old friend.
   人都不喜欢跟老朋友绝交。
6. When she went to break the news to Harriet, however, Emma found her quite unperturbed by it.
   可是,当爱玛委婉地把这个消息透露给哈里特时,却发现哈里特并没有因此感到不安。
7. Their good cheer broke after repeated setbacks.
   他们的热诚在接二连三的挫折之后消失殆尽
8. Stock prices broke when the firm suddenly announced layoffs.
   当公司突然宣布裁员时，股票价格便大跌
9. The cold spell broke yesterday.
   寒流昨天就结束了

用作名词 (n.)

1. A break in the pipe was found out.
   管道上有一处裂缝。
2. There is a break during the performance for the audience to take a rest.
   演出中有一次中场休息，让听众们稍事休息。
3. The audience certainly want the television programming without commercial breaks.
   观众们当然想看没有插商业广告的电视节目。
4. The dog made a break toward the open field.
   狗向田野冲去
5. He finally got the big break in life.
   他一生中最后走了好运。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Glass breaks easily.
   玻璃易碎。
2. Oak may bend but will not break.
   橡木可以弯,但不会断。
3. The rope broke when they were climbing.
   他们正往上爬时绳索断了。
4. Friction against the rock, combined with the weight of the climber, caused his rope to break.
   与岩石的摩擦,再加上攀登者的体重,使绳子断了。
5. We had no sooner set out than a thunder storm broke.
   我们出发不久就雷雨大作。
6. The storm broke before they reached shelter.
   在他们到达避风处前风暴已经开始了。
7. The spell of fine weather has broken.
   持续很长时间的好天气结束了。
8. The boy's voice is beginning to break.
   这男孩的嗓音开始在变了。
9. Day had broken, and he cast his net for the last time.
   这时天已亮了,于是他便撒下最后一网。
10. Things were breaking badly.
    情况发展糟糕。
11. Things were breaking right for us.
    事情正朝着有利于我们的方向发展。
12. His mother's heart will break if he leaves her.
    如果他离开他母亲,她的心会碎的。
13. Both teams played well; they broke even at the end.
    两个队打得都很好,最后以平局告终。
14. Taylor's business just managed to break even last month.
    上月泰勒的生意不赔不赚。
15. We need to take ￡5200 each performance just to break even.
    我们每场演出需收入5200英镑才够本。
16. When the bank broke, many people were ruined.
    当银行倒闭时,许多人都跟着破产了。

用作系动词

S+～+ adj.

1. Three prisoners broke loose as they were being taken to another prison this morning.
   今天早晨三名囚犯在押往另一监狱的途中逃跑了。
2. Violence broke loose in the city last night.
   昨晚城里发生了暴力行为。
3. The bag fell on the floor and broke open.The sweets went everywhere!
   包掉在地板上,摔破了。糖撒了一地!

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The thief broke the window and got into the house.
   那贼打破窗子,进入房内。
2. The boy fell from the tree and broke his leg.
   那男孩从树上跌下来,摔断了腿。
3. The river broke its banks.
   河水冲断了堤。
4. I slipped on the stairs and broke my ankle.
   我从楼梯上滑下来,把踝骨跌断了。
5. Every great novel has broken many conventions.
   凡成功的小说都是打破了俗套的。
6. A clarion call broke the morning stillness.
   嘹亮的号角声打破了清晨的宁静。
7. He told an interesting story to break the ice.
   他打破沉默,讲了一个有趣的故事。
8. We have broken the back of the job.
   我们已经完成了这件工作的主要部分。
9. I had to break the appointment because I was sick.
   我病了,因此不得不失约。
10. I am sorry that I broke my promise.
    对不起,我违背了诺言。
11. We are to blame in the first place for breaking our own rules.
    我们没有遵守自己的规定,要首先受责备。
12. You're breaking the law.
    你这是在犯法。
13. An action will be taken against anyone who breaks the law.
    任何违法者都将受到指控。
14. No difficulty can break her will.
    任何困难都不能动摇她的意志。
15. We broke our journey to Rome at Venice.
    我们去罗马时,中途在威尼斯停下来休息了。
16. He came in second, but still broke the Olympic record.
    他得了第二名,但仍然打破了奥林匹克纪录。
17. The tree breaks the wind.
    树木可以挡风。
18. The tall hedge breaks the force of the wind.
    高的树篱能减弱风力。
1
19. Grasslands have been broken and planted to wheat.
    草原已经开垦出来,种上了小麦。
20. School regulations could not be broken.
    校纪校规任何人不得违犯。
21. The strike was broken, of course, but mainly by a series of adventitious developments.
    罢工是中断了,但主要还是由于发生了一系列意外事件。

引出直接引语

1. “But I was there!”Jane broke in.
   “可我就在那里!”简插嘴说。
2. “But what's to happen to us?”one of the villagers broke in.
   “那我们会怎么样?”一个村民插嘴问。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron.+adj.

1. I'm afraid I must break this conversation short.I have to go now.
   恐怕这次谈话只能到此为止,现在我得走了。
2. He broke the door open.
   他把门撞开了。
1
3. The visit was broken short because there was talk of war.
   由于谣传战争,访问提早结束。

用作名词 (n.)

1. There is a break in the water pipe.
   水管上有个裂口。
2. He continued forward until a break in the ice was clearly visible.
   他继续往前走,直到能明显看出冰上有裂口的地方才停下来。
3. They found the break in the pipe line and set to repair it.
   他们找到了管道上的裂缝,立即动手修理。
4. We heard the break and saw the glass fall out of the window.
   我们听见破裂声,就看见玻璃从窗户上掉下来。
5. Pitch bleeds freely from break in the bark.
   树脂从树皮的裂口自然地流出来。
6. Water speeded through the break in the basement wall.
   水从地下室墙上的裂缝急速地流出来。
7. Most waste was caused by yarn breaks.
   大部分浪费由毛线断头造成。
8. He jubilantly called for a break.
   他兴高采烈地叫休息一会儿。
9. The children have a break between classes at school.
   学校里孩子们有课间休息。
10. There was no break in the rains.
    在雨季中雨下个不停。
11. At our school the morning break lasts only ten minutes.
    我们学校早晨课间休息时间只有十分钟。
12. He lay down for a while during every break.
    每次休息时他总要躺一会儿。
13. Go on and take your coffee break.I'll cover for you until you return.
    你去喝咖啡吧,你回来前我会代替你。
14. A break in the circuit caused the lights to go out.
    电路的中断使电灯熄灭了。
15. There was a break in the conversation.
    谈话暂时中断。
16. There will be a break in the weather.
    天气将有变化。
17. We are waiting for a break in the bad weather.
    我们期待着坏天气转变。
18. The parents noticed a break in the child's voice.
    父母亲注意到孩子的嗓音突然变 了。
19. I don't want any break in my way of living.
    我不想改变我的生活方式。
20. I noticed a curious break in her voice.
    我注意到她声音中奇异的突变。
21. There are breaks for the commercials in the TV program.
    电视节目常常中途停下来播送商业广告。
22. This is your big break.
    这可是你的大好机会。
23. He's had a good year with several big breaks.
    他这一年很顺利,多次走红运。
24. I know you had a rotten break.
    我知道你倒了霉。
25. The prisoner made a break for freedom.
    那囚犯越狱逃跑了。
26. When the guard is not looking, make a break for it.
    趁看守没有注意,快逃。

经典引文

• The last of the sun came through in the breaks between the strips of matting.

  出自： E. Hemingway

• We cannot hear a break between sounds of less than one tenth of a second.

  出自： D. Attenborough

• He noticed..a break in the wall of buildings.

  出自： J. Cheever

• A natural Inclination to break Windows.

  出自： Steele

• I've broke my trusty battle-axe.

  出自： Sir W. Scott

• Once I broke four gramophone records over his head.

  出自： N. Coward

• Break the three eggs into a mixing bowl.

  出自：Daily Telegraph

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

break away( v.+adv. )

改掉; 放弃 give up
break away
The rhino broke away and ran not at us, but along the rocky bank beside us.

这头犀牛突然跑开了,但它没冲着我们跑来,而是沿着我们旁边的石堤跑了。
They attempted to break away to form an independent state.

他们企图分裂出去成立一个独立的国家。 break away from sb/sth
The criminal broke away from the policemen who were holding him.

那罪犯从抓着他的警察手里逃脱了。
The prisoner broke away from his guards while being taken to another jail.

犯人在被押送到另一座监狱的路上突然挣脱看守跑了。
He was unable to break away from their grip.

他无法从他们手里脱逃。 break away from sb/sth
He broke away from all his old friends.

他和老朋友断绝了来往。
He broke away from his family and has gone to live in Australia.

他离家出走,去澳大利亚定居。
He has already broken away from the Party.

他已脱离了党。
Fortunately, he broke away from that lawless group years ago.

幸而几年前他就脱离了那个不法集团。 break away from sth
We must break away from convention and adopt as many advanced techniques as possible in order to build our country into a powerful modern state in not too long a historical period.

我们必须打破常规,尽量采用先进技术,在一个不太长的历史时期内,把我国建设成为一个现代化强国。
Modern music has broken away from 18th century rules.

现代音乐摆脱了18世纪的模式。

break down( v.+adv. )

粉碎,压倒 smash; shatter; crush
break down
The bridge broke down.

桥坍塌了。
The car broke down on the way.

车子在路上出了毛病。
Her telephone had broken down.

她的电话出了故障。
The washing machine seems to have broken down again.

洗衣机好像又坏了。
The elevator broke down and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.

电梯坏了,我们只好走到第10层楼上去。
Telephone communication with all but a few outposts has broken down.

除了几个前哨据点外,与所有地方的电话联系都已中断。 break sth ⇔ down
By then the gate was being broken down.

那时候大门快要被砸开了。 break sth ⇔ down
John broke down the washing machine.

约翰拆开了洗衣机。
After a frank exchange of ideas, the two of them finally broke down their long-standing prejudice against each other and became friends again.

开诚布公地交换思想之后,他们两人终于解开了长期存在的疙瘩,重归于好。 break down into sth
The newly published booklet breaks down into three parts.

这本新出版的小册子分成三部分。
The figures break down into several kinds, showing us different ways of looking at the firm's activities.

这些数字分成几类,为我们显示了观察该公司活动的几种不同方法。 break sb/sth ⇔ down into sth
We broke down the students into several small groups when we have oral class.

上口语课时,我们把学生分成若干个小组。
In drafting the outline, please break it down into three parts.

起草大纲时,请把它分成三个部分。
Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances.

体内的化学成分把我们吃的食物分解为有用的物质。
The figures must be broken down into several lists.

这些数字应被分成若干项。
Water is readily broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.

水可以很容易地分解为氢和氧。 break down
He broke down under the strain of his position.

他的公务繁重,身体变坏了。
Peter broke down and was unable to work for a year.

彼得病倒后一年不能上班。
Your health will break down if you work too hard.

如果你过分辛劳,会把身体搞垮。
His health has broken down completely.

他的身体已完全垮了。
The old man's health broke down after a serious illness.

那位老人生一场大病后,健康衰退了。 break down
She broke down at the news of her mother's death.

听到母亲去世的噩耗,她不禁哭了起来。
She broke down when she heard the news, but quickly recovered.

听到这消息时,她控制不住自己哭了起来,但很快她就平静下来了。
Peter broke down and wept when he saw the deer that he had shot.

彼得见到那只被他打死的鹿时,忍不住掉下了眼泪。
The speaker's words were so moving that Mrs. Smith broke down and had to leave the room.

讲话人的言辞非常动人,使史密斯太太痛哭起来,最后她只好离开会场。 break sth ⇔ down
By helpful kindness the teacher broke down the new boy's shyness.

老师和蔼可亲的态度减轻了这个新来的孩子的羞怯。
The teacher helped her break down her shyness.

老师帮助她克服她的害羞弱点。
The obstacle was finally broken down.

阻力终于被克服了。 break down
Our plans have broken down.

我们的计划破产了。
His plan broke down when it was put into practice because he had not given enough attention to details.

他的计划在实践中失败了,因为他对细节问题没有引起足够的重视。
Talks have broken down over the disputed territory.

谈判由于领土争论而破裂了。 break sth ⇔ down
We have broken down the resistance of the enemy.

我们已经打垮了敌人的顽抗。
They broke down all opposition.

他们粉碎了一切反对行动。

break in¹( v.+adv. )

开始工作 begin work
break in
Don't break in when he is telling the story.

他讲故事的时候别打断他。
I could have told the story better if so many people had not broken in.

假如没有那么多人插嘴,我的故事还能讲得更好些。 break in on〔upon〕 sth
I'm sorry to break in on your private thought, but I think we should get on with some work.

对不起,打断了你的思考,不过我想我们该干点工作了。
Now and then a bird's song broke in upon the silence of the wood.

鸟鸣声不时打破林中的寂静。
The man rushed in and broke in on our conversation.

那人跑进来,打断了我们的谈话。 break in
We were watching TV when he broke in.

我们正在看电视,他突然闯了进来。
He broke in and stole my money.

他破门而入偷走了我的钱。
The policemen broke in and found the old man dead in his chair.

警察破门而入,发现老人坐在椅子上死了。 break in
It takes a new secretary one month to break in.

新来的秘书要一个月的时间熟悉工作。
The young athletes are breaking in well.

那些年轻的运动员正受到很好的训练。 break sb/sth ⇔ in
They are going to break in the apprentice as a lathe operator.

他们将培养那个学徒开车床。
Two weeks in the new office should be enough to break you in.

你在新办公室呆上两周的时间就足以适应了。
Don't drive the new car too fast; I'm still breaking it in.

别把这新车开得太快,我仍在试开这部车呢。
When horses are about six months old, they have to be broken in.

马长到六个月左右就得训练。 break in
Two hundred more new recruits broke in at the steel plant last year.

去年又有两百名新学徒来到钢铁厂工作。

break in²( v.+prep. )

闯入 force one's way into
break in sth
The robbers broke in the gate and took away all the valuable things.

强盗们打破大门,拿走了所有值钱的物品。
The firemen could enter the burning house only by breaking in the door.

消防队员只有打破门才能进入着火的房子。

break into( v.+prep. )

把…分成 divide sth into
break into sth
They broke into our house under cloud of night.

他们趁黑闯进了我们的房子。
Last night a burglar broke into my house.

昨天夜里一个贼闯入我的家。
The thief broke into the house in broad daylight.

窃贼竟在大白天闯入屋里行窃。
We had to break into the house as we had lost the key.

因为我们弄丢了钥匙,所以不得不破门而入。
The thief broke into my house and stole my wife's furcoat.

窃贼潜入我家偷走了我妻子的裘皮大衣。
Bandits broke into our house and stole all our money.

强盗闯入我们的住宅,偷走了所有的钱。
Last night somebody broke into Mr.White's house and took away a lot of things.

昨晚有人闯进怀特先生的家并拿走了许多东西。
A thief can break into a car in under ten seconds.

窃贼十秒钟之内就能把车撬开。
Burglars broke into the art gallery through the roof, shinnied down the rope and stole five valuable paintings.

窃贼沿绳索从屋顶爬下,闯入了美术馆,偷走了五件珍贵的画作。
Burglars broke into the empty flat while the tenants were away on holidays.

在房客们外出度假的时候,几个盗贼闯进了无人住的公寓。
The guerrillas broke into the armoury and carried off 22 rifles.

游击队员打进武器库，夺走了22支步枪。
Thieves have broken into some of the pyramids and taken away many of the treasure to foreign countries.

窃贼曾闯入一些金字塔把很多珍宝弄到了外国。
He can't have done it.Someone broke into the bank around 6.30 and he was with me at the time.QED.

那不可能是他干的。有人在6点半左右闯进银行,而当时他和我在一起。证明完毕。
The cattle broke into the wheat field and did much damage.

牛群闯进麦田,毁了不少庄稼。
The police surprised a burglar breaking into a store.

警察意外地发现了一名盗贼闯入一家店铺。
He was caught in the act of breaking into the house.

他在破门而入的时候被抓住了。
This box looks as if it's been broken into.

这箱子看上去好像被撬开过。
Three houses in our street have been broken into this week.

我们这条街本周有三家被盜。
The policemen found that the house had been broken into and everything stolen.

警察发现房子被砸破,里面的一切都被偷走了。 break into sth
She is trying to break into journalism.

她正努力在新闻界找寻立足之地。
The company is having difficulty breaking into new markets.

该公司在打入新市场时遇到困难。 break into sth
He broke into our meeting.

他打断了我们的会。
Her mother's voice broke into her thoughts.

她母亲的声音打断了她的思绪。
He became so pensive that she didn't like to break into his thoughts.

他陷入沉思之中,她不想打断他的思路。
Don't break into their conversation; they are discussing something important.

不要打断他们的谈话; 他们正在讨论重要的事情呢。
My aunt's regular visits break into my weekend.

我姑母的不断来访打扰我度周末。 break into sth
I didn't want to break into a twenty-pound note.

我并不想找开一张20 英镑的钞票。
I had to break into my savings to pay for the trip.

我得动用积蓄支付旅行费用。
I shall have to break into my savings to pay for the holiday.

我只好取出部分存款来支付度度假的费用。
Not unless there was an emergency would she break into that precious hoard of hers.

不到紧急时,她不动用她宝贵的储存。 break into sth
5When he saw me he broke into a run.

看到我他拔腿就跑。
5Catching sight of her,Jack broke into a run.

杰克一看见她,赶紧就跑。
5He broke into a run when he saw the police.

他看见警察,撒腿就跑。
5He had broken into a trot.

他突然小跑起来。
5As soon as they smelled grass,the cows broke into a trot.

牛群一闻到青草的芳香,就开始慢跑起来。
5When the horses reached the field they broke into a brisk trot.

马到了田野后就轻快地跑了起来。
5The horses broke into a mad gallop when they heard the gunshot.

马听到枪声都突然狂奔起来。
5The runners broke into a sprint a few hundred yards from the finish.

选手们在离终点几百码的地方开始冲刺。
5I felt frisky,as if I might break into a dance.

我感到很欢快,似乎要跳起舞来。
5As I grew more afraid,I broke into a cold sweat.

我越来越害怕,霎时出了一身冷汗。
5Her face broke into a huge smile.

她立刻笑容满面。
5The old man’s face broke into a grin.

老人的脸上绽出笑容。
5The audience broke into applause.

观众中爆发出热烈的掌声。
5The audience broke into rapturous applause.

听众中爆发出一片欢呼喝彩声。
5The crowd broke into loud cheers when the President's car appeared.

当总统的车出现时,群众开始大声地欢呼。
5The visitors broke into exclamations of wonder when they saw the magnificent Great Wall.

看到雄伟的长城,游客们惊叹不已。
The singers broke into song.

歌手们一下子就唱了起来。
6After a long silence,she broke into a laugh.

她沉默了很久之后忽然笑了起来。
6When I told him the story,he broke into a laugh.

当我把这件事告诉他时,他突然大笑起来。
6When I told them my story the girls broke into tears.

当我给女孩子们讲了我的身世后,她们都哭起来了。 break sth into sth
7The cake just broke into pieces when I cut it.

我刚切，蛋糕就碎成一块块的了。
7Mary broke the chocolate into pieces, one for each person.

玛丽把巧克力分成小块，每人一块。
7His sleeve caught the glass.It fell and broke into pieces.

他的袖子挂了一下玻璃杯,杯子掉到地上摔碎了。
7The crew escaped,but the ship was broken into pieces.

船员们脱险了,但船被打得粉碎。
7The glass broke into hundreds of pieces.

那块玻璃摔得粉碎。
7In some American schools,one school year is broken into three semesters.

在美国的有些学校,一学年分成3个学期。

break of( v.+prep. )

戒除 cure sb of a bad habit, etc.
break oneself/sb of sth/v-ing
You must break yourself of the bad habit of interrupting a speaker.

你必须改掉打断别人讲话的坏习惯。
We must break the child of his habit of biting his nails.

我们必须使这个孩子改掉咬指甲的习惯。
She broke me of getting up late.

她使我改掉了睡懒觉的习惯。
The mother wants to break her child of sucking the thumb.

这位母亲想使她的小孩子改掉嘬拇指的习惯。
I am trying to break myself of smoking.

我在努力戒烟。
Several times I have made up my mind to break myself of smoking.

我曾几次下决心要戒烟。

break off( v.+adv. )

停止,中止; 断交 stop; end or discontinue unexpectedly; terminate; put an end to
break off
The mast broke off.

船的桅杆突然断了。
Many branches broke off in the strong wind.

大风把许多树枝刮断了。
The wing of the plane broke off in mid-air and plane crashed.

机翼在空中脱落,致使飞机坠毁。 break sth ⇔ off
He tried to break off the broken branch but failed in his attempt.

他试图把已折断的树枝拽下来,但是没有成功。
Try not to break off the iron-bar.You are not strong enough.

你别想把铁栅栏弄断,你没那么大的劲。
Mary broke off some of the chocolate to give to the children.

玛丽把巧克力掰开分给孩子们。 break off
I don't know why he broke off in the midst of his speech.

我不知道他为什么讲着讲着突然停了下来。
He broke off in the middle of his story.

他正讲着故事,突然不讲了。
We were discussing our plans, but had to break off when the telephone rang.

我们在讨论计划时电话铃响了,我们只好停止讨论。
He broke off in the middle of a sentence.

他在一个句子的中间停了下来。
Let's break off and have a cup of tea.

咱们歇一会儿喝杯茶吧。
He was busy writing the article all the morning, only breaking off occasionally to have a cup of coffee.

他一个上午都在忙于写那篇文章,只是偶尔停下来喝杯咖啡。
They broke off for twenty minutes when the machine broke down.

机器出故障时,他们停止工作20分钟。 break sth ⇔ off
They broke off their conversation when they heard a strange sound.

他们听到一个奇怪的声音,于是中断了谈话。
Jim broke off telling the story to answer the telephone.

吉姆中断了正讲着的故事去接电话。
Those two countries have broken off relations again.

那两个国家又一次断交了。
Greece broke off relations with Turkey.

希腊断绝了与土耳其的外交关系。
We may break off relations with that country.

我们有可能同那个国家断绝关系。

break one's word

食言 fail to keep a promise

break out( v.+adv. )

向外砸开 break sth in an outward direction
break out
Influenza usually breaks out in winter.

流感通常在冬天发生。
The famous anti-feudal and anti-imperialist May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.

著名的反帝反封建的五四运动于1919年在北京爆发。
A fire broke out in the lower story during the midnight and soon the whole building was in flames.

午夜时分楼下着了火,不一会儿整栋大楼都烧起来了。
Warm applause broke out after his speech.

他演讲结束后响起了热烈的掌声。
Something unexpected always breaks out in this area.

在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。 break sth ⇔ out
We had to break the door out to escape from the fire.

我们不得不把门砸开以逃避火灾。

break out in( v.+adv.+prep. )

吓出一身冷汗 show signs of great fear
break out in sth
The little girl broke out in rashes on her back, so she couldn't go to the kindergarten.

小女孩背上起了疹子,所以她不能去幼儿园了。
The child broke out in measles.

那孩子出麻疹。 break out in sth
He suddenly broke out in a rage of sobs and curses.

他突然大声哭泣和咒骂起来。
Mary broke out in loud laughter.

玛丽突然放声大笑。
When they heard of the surrender of Nazi Germany, they broke out in tears and laughter.

当他们听说纳粹德国已投降时,激动得又是哭又是笑。 break out in a sweat
She was so scared that she broke out in a cold sweat.

她吓得浑身直冒冷汗。
When I thought that no one was coming back to save me,I broke out in a cold sweat.

当我想到无人返回来救我时,我吓出了一身冷汗。
When he heard the news that he was fired, he broke out in a sweat on his forehead.

当他听到被解雇的消息时,额头上冒出了冷汗。
Half an hour after taking the medicine, the patient broke out in a sweat and began to feel better.

服药后半小时病人出了一身汗,感到舒服多了。
The farmers working in the fields broke out in sweats under the hot sun.

在田野里劳动的农民们被烈日晒得大汗淋漓。

break out into( v.+adv.+prep. )

突然发出; 迸发出 burst into; suddenly begin

break out of( v.+adv.+prep. )

逃出 escape from; free oneself from
break out of sth
Three men broke out of prison yesterday.

昨天三名囚犯越狱逃走。
The thief broke out of the prison and escaped.

那贼越狱逃跑了。
The guerrilla fighter managed to break out of the room where he was imprisoned.

那位游击队员终于从囚禁他的屋子里逃了出来。
I should like to break out of this meaningless way of life.

我倒是想摆脱这无聊的生活方式。
Many playwrights have broken out of the old traditional straight jacket.

很多剧作家从传统的禁锢中脱颖而出。

break over( v.+prep. )

雷鸣般地响起 begin forcefully near sb

break through¹( v.+prep. )

战胜,克服… find a way to deal with

break through²( v.+adv. )

在某个领域方面有进展或突破 make advances in discovery or any other aim

break to( v.+prep. )

向…透露〔说出〕 tell (usually bad news) to (sb) in a kind way
break sth to sb
They dare not break the news to him.

他们不敢把那消息透露给他。
Will you break the news of Henry's death to his wife, or shall I?

亨利的死讯是由你去告知他妻子呢还是我去?
You are not to break the matter to anybody.

你不要把这件事泄露给任何人。
He broke it to her gently that her son had been arrested.

他低声告诉她,她的儿子被捕了。
They dare not break the sad news to her on account of her illness.

他们不敢向她透露噩耗,因为她在生病。
No one was anxious to break the news of the accident to the injured person's family.

没有人急于把这次事故的消息告诉受伤者的家属。

break up( v.+adv. )

使开心或发笑 amuse sb greatly
break up
The meeting didn't break up until eleven o'clock last night.

昨晚的会议直到十一点才散。
What do you plan to do when school breaks up?

学校放假后你们打算做什么? break up
The cup fell on the cement floor and broke up.

杯子掉在水泥地上打碎了。
When does the ice break up on the river?

河里的冰什么时候融化? break sth ⇔ up
The men in the garage will break up the old cars for their parts.

汽车修理厂的工人要把那些旧车拆掉取零件。
She broke the old furniture up and sold the wood.

她把旧家具砍成碎木块当柴火卖了。 break up
I hear that Jim and Mary are breaking up.

我听说吉姆和玛丽要分手了。
The husband and wife are always quarreling and their relations are breaking up.

这对夫妇总吵架,他们的关系正在破裂。
The small country is going to break up with the superpower.

这个小国决定同超级大国决裂。 break sth ⇔ up
They were happy together, until the war came and broke up their home.

他们在一起过得很幸福,直到战争爆发破坏了他们的家庭。
It was money trouble that broke up their marriage.

是为钱的事他们的婚姻才破裂的。 break up
When does your school break up?

你们学校什么时候放假?
We break up next week.

我们下周放假。 break up
The crowd broke up.

人群散开了。 break sth ⇔ up
They break up the meeting.

他们散会了。
The reactionary police tried to break up the strikers' protest rally, but failed.

反动警察企图冲散罢工工人的抗议集会,但未能得逞。
Divorce broke up a lot of families.

离婚拆散了许多家庭。 break up
He may break up under this trouble.

碰上这桩麻烦事,他可能会感到十分苦恼。 break sb ⇔ up
The terrible news will break him up.

这可怕的消息会使他极为痛苦。 break up
Peter just broke up when we told him what had happened.

我们告诉彼得发生了什么事情时,他简直乐坏了。 break sb ⇔ up
His story broke me up; I couldn't stop laughing.

他的故事真逗,我简直笑破了肚皮。

break up into( v.+adv.+prep. )

分成几个部分 divide sth into smaller parts
break sth ⇔ up into sth
Difference of opinion broke up the party into fractions.

意见分歧使这个党分裂成各个小派别。
The method of breaking up the whole into parts is often used in mathematics.

数学上经常使用化整为零的方法。
The job can be broken up into several activities, which provides some variety.

这工作可以分成几项来做,这样就有一些变化了。
After his death, his land was broken up into areas suitable for building houses.

他死后,他的土地被分割成适合建筑房屋的小块地皮。

break with( v.+prep. )

破除,改变 give up or make an end of

用作名词 (n.)

bad break

倒霉 bad luck

break of (the) day

黎明,破晓 dawn

get the breaks

运气好,侥幸 gain the luck

good break

好运气 good luck

make a/the break

离开 leave

make a/the break with

与某人〔某物〕断绝关系 break off relationship with sb/sth

without a break

不间断地 uncontinuously

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• break a branch 折下一树枝
• break a case 弄坏了箱子
• break a clock 弄坏了钟
• break a cup 把茶杯打碎
• break a door 弄坏了门
• break a hole in a wall 在墙上开个孔
• break a journey 中途下车
• break a leg 折断了腿
• break a package 打开包裹
• break a safe 弄坏了保险箱
• break a secret 泄密
• break a stick 将树枝折断
• break a window 弄坏了窗户
• break an electric current 断开电流
• break bone 折断了骨头
• break code 解码
• break ground 破土动工,开始实行
• break one's head 碰破头
• break one's pencil 折断了某人的铅笔
• break one's promise 食言
• break one's rest 妨碍某人休息
• break one's sleep 妨碍某人睡眠
• break one's time 侵占某人的时间
• break reserves of ammunition 动用储备的弹药
• break silence 打破沉默
• break surface 浮出水面
• break the friendship 破坏友谊
• break the monotony 打破单调
• break the news to 把…消息告诉…
• break the record for high jump 打破跳高纪录
• break word 说话不算数

～+副词

• break even 打成平手
• break forth 迸发
• break advisedly 有意地破坏
• break completely 完全打破
• break deliberately 故意损坏
• break distinctly 明显地破坏
• break easily 易碎
• break eventually 终于破损
• break gratuitously 无端地破坏
• break intentionally 故意地打破
• break threateningly 毁灭性地破坏
• break unreasonably 无端地损坏
• break violently 猛地破裂
• break away 逸出,(云)雾消散,挣脱身子走开,分裂
• break away from 摆脱,与…断绝来往
• break away from home 离家出走
• break down (车)抛锚,(物质)分解,(政府)垮台,(计划)失败,(组织)瓦解,(人)非常悲伤,(身体)垮了,(和谈)中断
• break in 强行闯进,打扰,插嘴
• break in on 打断,妨碍,侵扰
• break off 拆开,裂开,断绝(关系),停止,中断谈话
• break off a few seconds 停下几秒钟
• break off from sb 与某人绝交
• break out (眼泪)夺眶而出,(疾病、火灾) 突然发生,(部队)突围,(战争)爆发
• break out into 生长,迸发出
• break through 现出,露出,冲破阻力向前,在某个领域有进展或突破
• break up 分解,驱散,打碎,使…分裂
• break up a meeting 驱散集会的人
• break up the party 分裂该党

～+介词

• break a bamboo stick across one's knee 用膝盖把竹竿折断
• break against 撞在…而四下迸溅,碰…而使折断
• break against the shore 击岸
• break for 暂停工作去…
• break for lunch 停工吃午饭
• break from 脱离,摆脱,突然离开
• break from a party 脱离党
• break from a prison 越狱
• break into 闯入,突然开始,打扰
• break into one's talk 插话
• break into sb's house 闯入某人的家
• break into song 开始唱歌
• break into splinters 打得粉碎
• break into tears 突然哭起来
• break of 使(某人)戒除…
• break oneself of a bad habit (自己)克服恶习
• break on 撞在…而四下迸溅,碰…而使折断
• break on the rocks (浪)撞击岩石
• break on the shore 拍打着海岸
• break out of 逃脱,摆脱
• break out of a dilemma 从困境中脱身
• break out of prison 越狱
• break over the reef 盖过岩石
• break through 突破,挤过
• break through the enemy's line 突破敌人的防线
• break to 通知,告知
• break under weight 被重荷压垮
• break with 放弃,与…绝交
• break with a friend 与一个朋友绝交
• break with an idea 放弃某种想法
• break with the army 脱离军队

用作名词 (n.)

形容词+～

• bad break 严重的摔伤

名词+～

• coffee break 暂停工作喝咖啡的时间
• tea break 暂停工作喝茶的时间

介词+～

• during a break at school 学校的课间休息时间

～+介词

• break from the past 与过去决裂
• break in a dam 堤坝上的裂口
• break in one's way of living 生活方式的改变
• break in the bridge 桥上的裂缝
• break in the circuit 电流中断
• break in the clouds 云层的缝隙
• break in the concert 音乐会中间休息的时间
• break in the conversation 谈话中断
• break in the hedge 树篱的缺口
• break in the water mains 总输水管的裂缝
• break of the leg 腿部的摔伤
• break with the past 与过去决裂

词语用法

1. 表示“扯破（衣服）”时，不可用break，tear更加适合；
2. 句意相同的三种不同表达：

   You ought to break this habit.
   你应该打破这个习惯。

3. brake同break的区别：brake可指“刹车，制动器”，“蕨类”，“灌木丛”或“揉面机”等。表示检查器械时，现在一般都用brake，多用于摩托车或四轮马车上。而break则多用于指“断裂”；
4. 用break来表示“把某物弄碎”时，后面需要接介词into来表示结果。

v. (动词)

1. break是一个常用词,基本意思是突然地施加一个力(压力或拉力等)使之“破”或“碎”(从一个裂纹到七零八落)。引申可指事物部分地或全部破坏、瓦解、崩溃。
2. break有时只表示“冲破”“开创”等过程意义,但更多的是强调了其破坏的物或事物的完整性、统一性或连续性。
3. break用作不及物动词时,可表示物体“破”,用于人,则可指身体或精神“垮”“崩溃”。
4. break用作及物动词时,除作“弄断”“弄碎”等解,还可作“透露”解(主要是美国口语),与agreement, promise, law, regulation, rule, vow, word等词搭配时,还可作“违背,违犯”解。可接简单宾语,也可接以形容词或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语。
5. break用作不及物动词时,主动形式可表示被动意义,其主语通常是表示无生命的东西。
6. break后还可接形容词作表语。

n. (名词)

1. break用作名词的基本意思是“裂口,裂缝; 破裂”,用于时间可表示“间歇,休息时间”,也可指旧方式或生活习惯的“改变”或“中断”,是可数名词。
2. break作“休息”解时是不可数名词，用作单数形式需加不定冠词。
3. break在口语中有时作“机会”解,美国俚语中还作“运气”解,是可数名词。
4. break还可表示“奔跑,试图逃跑”。
5. break作“天亮,拂晓”解时是不可数名词。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

break off, break out of, break up, break with

• 这组短语容易混淆,应注意区分:break off作“暂停,中断”解,指人突然终止某种正在进行的活动或已形成的关系,如谈话、婚约等; break out of意为“脱离,逃脱”,指人或物从很危险的、被禁锢的状态中逃脱出来或从俗套中脱颖而出; break up表示“分开,解除”,指使某种相对完整的东西自身解体,还可专指“放假,放学”等; break with作“终止,断绝”讲,常专指人结束自己与他人的友谊、关系,还可指放弃、革除旧习惯等。

break, demolish, destroy, ruin

• 这组词都含有“破坏”“毁坏”“消灭”的意思。其区别在于:
• 1.destroy和ruin这两个词所表示的“毁坏”都含有“彻底”的意味,有时可互换。destroy强调“彻底性”; ruin强调不可修复。例如:
• The rain has ruined〔destroyed〕 the crops.这雨把庄稼全毁了。
• 2.break, destroy和demolish的主语可以是人,也可以是事物; 而ruin的主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。例如:
• The windshield broke but did not shatter.挡风玻璃裂了,但没有碎。
• All the intruders were destroyed.所有的入侵者都被歼灭了。
• That street was demolished a few years ago.那条街于几年前拆除了。
• She has a very real grievance against the hospital since the operation which ruined her health.自从她做过手术后,健康状况变坏,所以她确实对医院有怨言。
• 3.break的宾语可以是有形物,也可以是非物质性的事物; destroy和demolish用于具体事物可指“高楼大厦”等; 用于抽象事物时destroy指“名誉”“声望”等, demolish则指某人的论点、论据等。ruin的宾语则多是美好珍贵的事物。例如:
• His mother's heart will break if he leaves her.如果他离开母亲,她的心会碎的。
• All his hopes were now destroyed.他的一切希望现在都破灭了。
• We have demolished all her arguments and she has nothing more to say.我们推翻了她所有的论点,她无言以对。
• The manuscript was ruined by long exposure in the cold damp cellar.手稿在地下室因长期受阴冷潮湿的破坏而无法辨认了。
• 4.break可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词; destroy和demolish只用作及物动词; 而ruin多用作及物动词,偶尔可用作不及物动词。例如:
• She broke a vase uncarefully.她不小心打破了一只花瓶。
• The cup broke when it fell on the floor.茶杯掉到地上摔破了。
• The mad dog ought to be destroyed.这只疯狗应该杀死。
• They are going to demolish that old factory.他们准备拆毁那家旧工厂。
• I was ruined by that law case; I'm a ruined man!我被那场官司搞垮了,现在已经倾家荡产!

break, burst

• 这两个词均可表示“破裂”。二者区别在于:break一般指外力猛然损坏坚硬的东西; 而burst一般指内部的力量冲破某封闭状态而损坏某物。例如:
• They broke a bomb shell.
• 他们砸碎了一枚弹壳。
• The bomb burst.
• 炸弹爆炸了。

break, crack, shatter, wreck

• 这组词的共同意思是“破裂,使破裂”。它们的区别在于:break引起的外力多是碰撞、挤压、敲打等,强调动作突然而有力,以及动作的结果,但不强调破损的程度; crack侧重于指突然发出易碎物品破裂时那样的尖声,也可指因干裂而引起裂口; shatter则强调动作的结果,碎片散得到处都是,物体彻底毁坏; wreck指将整体破坏成废物和碎片。

break, dawn

• 这两个词都可作“破晓”解。其区别在于:break的主语只能用day; 而dawn的主语用day和morning都可以。例如:
• The day breaks at five.
• The morning〔day〕 dawns at five.
• 五点钟天就亮了。

下面两个短语意思不同:

• break rank 打乱队形
• break the ranks 走出队伍

n. (名词)

break, pause

• 这两个词的共同意思是“中止”“停顿”。其区别在于:
• 1.break指突然的短时中止; pause指短时的休止间歇。例如:
• She has worked for 16 hours without a break.她一口气工作了16个小时,没有休息一会儿。
• 2.pause没有break那样急遽突然,语气也较缓和。例如:
• The workmen took a break so we enjoyed a brief respite from the noises.工人们休息了一下,所以我们能享受片刻的安宁。
• Government sources said there would be no prolonged pause in the war.据官方消息,这场战争的时间不会长。
• 3.pause常用来指说话朗读中的换气或停顿的地方,也指战争期间的停火等。例如:
• He came to a pause and then went on reading.他停顿了一下,又继续念下去。

break，burst，crack，crush，fracture，shatter，smash

• 这些动词均含“打破、弄碎”之意。
• break常用词，含义广泛，多指猛然用力将坚硬物打破或损坏。
• burst指某物因内部外部压力过大而出现严重破裂、爆开或撑破。
• crack多指因长期使用或经受压力，物体表现呈现裂纹、裂口或破裂、裂开，但一般没成碎片。
• crush指用力把东西压破或使变形。
• fracture比crack的破裂程度更深更严重，常指断裂，医学上指骨折。
• shatter指破裂为许多支离破碎的碎片，多用指易碎事物。
• smash指突然而猛烈地重击某物，使之破碎或完全变形。

break，destroy，ruin，wreck，damage，spoil

• 这些动词均有“破坏，损坏”之意。
• break普通用词，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。
• destroy多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。
• ruin多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义。
• wreck侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏，也可指计划、健康受到损害。
• damage多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。
• spoil强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值，而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。

break，rest，pause，interval，recess，cease，stop，end

• 这些名词均含有“中止，停止，休息”之意。
• break非正式用词，指突然的或短时间的中止，如工作或活动期间短暂休息。
• rest指统称的休息。
• pause指短暂的中断或停止，含再进行下去的意味。
• interval指一出戏在幕与幕之间，音乐会上下串场之间或演出中预先安排的休息；也可泛指事件之间的一段时间。
• recess正式用词，指业务活动或工作中短暂的或长时间的休息。
• cease正式用词，侧重逐渐结束某活动或状态，含永远结束的意味。
• stop普通用词，指迅速或突然中止某行为、活动或状态。
• end多指“自然的结束”。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 他在回家的路上摔了一跤,左腿摔断了。

   误 He had a fall on his way home and his leg was broken.

   正 He had a fall on his way home and broke his left leg.

   析 break作“摔坏,跌伤”解时,除非特殊修辞需要,一般不用被动结构。

2. 昨天晚上他家被盗,很多东西都丢了。

   误 His house broke into last night and a lot of things were stolen.

   正 His house was broken into last night and a lot of things were stolen.

   析 break into意思是“闯入某地”,主语是物时,谓语动词须用被动结构。

n. (名词)

1. 咱们休息一会吧。

   误 Let's take break.

   正 Let's take a break.

   析 break作“中间休息”解是可数名词,其前的a不可省略。

词源解说

• ☆ 1300年左右进入英语，直接源自古英语的brecan，意为打破，粉碎，破坏；最初源自原始日耳曼语的brekan。

近反义词

【近义词】

• atomize
• crash
• demolish
• fracture
• rupture
• shatter
• smash
• wreck
• disobey
• violate
• collapse
• scatter
• splinter
• crack
• gap
• hesitation
• interruption
• stop
• suspension

【反义词】

• mend
• repair
• keep
• obey