assume

英 [ə'sjuːm] 美 [ə'suːm]

• vt. 假定；设想；承担；(想当然的)认为；假装

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 假定,猜想

   take as true before there is proof

2. vt. 假装

   pretend to be

3. vt. 承担

   take up or in

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 采取（...态度）， 采用
2. 承担（责任）
3. 认为，以为
4. 呈现
5. 假装，装腔作势，装作...的样子，装出
6. 执掌
7. 接受
8. 就任，担任，就（职）
9. 取得
10. 擅取，僭取，夺取
11. 冒称，把...视为己有
12. 想像
13. 以...为先决条件
14. 表现为
15. 多管闲事
16. 呈
17. 假定，假定为，设想 ，假设，臆断，猜想

英英释义

Verb:

1. take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof;

   "I assume his train was late"
   

2. take on titles, offices, duties, responsibilities;

   "When will the new President assume office?"
   

3. take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect;

   "His voice took on a sad tone"
   "The story took a new turn"
   "he adopted an air of superiority"
   "She assumed strange manners"
   "The gods assume human or animal form in these fables"
   

4. take on as one's own the expenses or debts of another person;

   "I'll accept the charges"
   "She agreed to bear the responsibility"
   

5. occupy or take on;

   "He assumes the lotus position"
   "She took her seat on the stage"
   "We took our seats in the orchestra"
   "She took up her position behind the tree"
   "strike a pose"
   

6. seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession;

   "He assumed to himself the right to fill all positions in the town"
   "he usurped my rights"
   "She seized control of the throne after her husband died"
   

7. make a pretence of;

   "She assumed indifference, even though she was seething with anger"
   "he feigned sleep"
   

8. take up someone's soul into heaven;

   "This is the day when May was assumed into heaven"
   

9. put clothing on one's body;

   "What should I wear today?"
   "He put on his best suit for the wedding"
   "The princess donned a long blue dress"
   "The queen assumed the stately robes"
   "He got into his jeans"
   

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. Let's assume it to be true.
   让我们假定这是真的。
2. We assume his guilt.
   我们假定他是有罪的。
3. They assumed their operational positions.
   他们设想了自己在实施中的作用。
4. I am not afraid to assume the responsibility.
   我不怕承担责任.
5. She was in arrogance to assume she would win every time.
   她认为每次都能赢，未免太自大了。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. He assumes a look of innocence.
   他装出一副天真无邪的样子。
2. She assumed an injured air.
   她装出冤屈的样子。
3. We assumed a new method.
   我们采取了一种新方法。
4. We cannot assume anything in this case.
   在这种情况下,我们不可能作出任何假设。
5. This factor assumes increasing importance.
   这一因素日益显出其重要性。
6. He assumed command of the Eighth Army.
   他统率着第八军。
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7. That is tacitly assumed, though it was not yet formally proved.
   这点是得到默认的,尽管未经正式证实。
8. She felt, without knowing why, that the gaiety was assumed.
   不知为什么她觉得这种快乐是装出来的。

S+～+(that-)clause

1. I assumed that he has received my telegram.
   我想他已收到我的电报。
2. I am assuming that the misunderstanding will be cleared up.
   我认定误会早晚会消除的。
3. I assumed that our team would win.
   我认为我们队会赢。
4. Let us assume that it is true.
   先让我们假设这是对的。
5. If he's not here in five minutes, we'll assume that he isn't coming.
   如果他五分钟之内不到,我们就可以认为他不会来了。

It is/was ～ed+that-clause

1. It is assumed that she will be back at seven.
   据推测她将七点钟回家。
2. It is assumed that he was ill.
   据推测他病了。
3. It may be safely assumed that there is no animal life on Mars.
   可以有把握地认为火星上是没有动物生命的。
4. It is assumed that this is the best possible translation.
   据认为这可能是最佳译文。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. +(to be) n./adj.

1. We can't just assume her guilt.
   我们不能想当然地认为她有罪。
2. I assume him to be the cleverest boy in this class.
   我认为他是这个班最聪明的学生。
3. We assumed him to be the best writer of our time.
   我们认为他是这个时代最好的作家。
4. Everyone assumed him to be dead.
   大家都以为他死了。
5. We assume the statement to be correct.
   我们假设这种说法是正确的。
6. Let's assume it to be true.
   让我们假定这是真的。
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7. I was mistakenly assumed to be a Welshman because of my surname.
   由于我的姓的缘故,我被误认为是威尔士人。

经典引文

• Revealed religion assumes them into her service.

  出自： R. C. Trench

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• assume a leading position 担任领导职务
• assume a look of surprise 装出吃惊的样子
• assume the right 夺取权力

～+副词

• assume baselessly 毫无根据地认为
• assume falsely 错误地认为
• assume groundlessly 毫无根据地认为
• assume hastily 匆忙地认为
• assume mistakenly 错误地认为
• assume safely 安全地认为
• assume tacitly 沉默地认为
• assume unceremoniously 无礼地认为
• assume unconsciously 不自觉地露出
• assume unlawfully 非法篡夺

词语用法

1. assume与presume都有“假定”的意思，但是前者只是一种假设，后者是认定是正确的，真实的，在等待被认定；
2. assume后常接that，而presume后不接that。

   I assume that you can do it.
   我假定你能做。

   I presume you can do it.
   我认定你能做。

3. 使用assuming时，不用指明它是属于哪个固定的词。

   Even assuming a great willingness on the part of all our friends to help, we must not forget that few of them are properly prepared for it.
   尽管我们假设只有部分朋友是情愿，帮忙的，但我们不能忘了他们中的少数是真的准备了的。

   Even assuming a great willingness on the part of all our friends to help, few of them are properly prepared for it.
   上面两个表达方式都是正确的。

v. (动词)

1. assume的基本意思是“想当然”,即指人假定某事物是真实的,它可以指事物本身的真实性,也可以表示事物会发生什么样的结果。
2. assume作“假设”解时,指在证据很少或者存有异议时,甚至在根本没有证据的情况下进行推测,含有较强的武断成分。
3. assume还可表示“装出一种虚假或骗人的表情”。
4. assume后可接that从句,表示“假定某人会…”。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

assume, feign, pretend

• 1.feign和pretend作“假装”解时,可互换使用。
• 2.pretend指佯装成某身份或伪装成正在做某事,其目的是出于嬉戏或欲欺骗他人,多用在坏的意味上; assume指为了掩饰自己而“假装”“装出”,通常指表面上的装腔作势,未必含有坏的意味; feign指作为借口或理由想避免危险、困难等而“伪称”“假装”“冒充”。
• 3.pretend后可接动词不定式,也可接that从句。

assume, presume, suppose

• 这组词都近于汉语的“假定”或“猜想”。其区别是：
• assume含有比较强烈的武断成分,往往意味着把一件尚未证实或尚存在意见分歧的事作为自己论断的基础。presume表示以过去经验作根据或者是合乎逻辑地推测,一般是有充分的理由,虽然结论仍可能是错误的。suppose意义比较广泛不定,有时仅用于陈述自己的意见,等于“想”,有时表示有一定的根据的“猜想”,没有上面两个词所强调的意味。

assume，presume，suppose，guess，postulate

• 这些动词均含为“假设，猜想，推测”之意。
• assume指有很少或完全无根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。
• presume侧重以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。
• suppose常用词，意义较广泛，指缺乏确切事实，根据一些现象进行的推测，也可指为论证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定，有时仅表示自己的意见。
• guess常用词，指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测。
• postulate指为证实一个理论的正确性而进行的假设。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪中期进入英语，直接源自拉丁语的assumere，意为从事……。

近反义词

【近义词】

• presume 假定
• suppose 假设
• think 认为
• feign 假装
• guess 推测
• take for granted 想当然
• put on 穿上
• adopt 采用
• suspect 怀疑
• believe 相信
• understand 懂得
• take 拿
• simulate 假装
• affect 影响
• take on 承担
• take up 拿起
• accept 接受
• presuppose 预先假定
• usurp 篡夺
• arrogate 冒称
• shoulder 肩膀
• undertake 承担
• fake 假的
• act 行为
• infer 推断
• conceive 设想
• conclude 推断出
• hold 拿着
• imagine 想像
• deduce 演绎
• deem 认为
• put 放
• on 在 ... 之上
• for 为
• granted 的确
• pretend 假装
• take over 接收
• postulate 假定
• strike 罢工
• seize 抓住
• bear 熊
• don 先生（西班牙用语）...
• get into 对 ... 发生兴趣...
• sham 假
• acquire 获得
• wear 磨损

【反义词】

• conclude 推断出