sacrifice

英 ['sækrɪfaɪs] 美 ['sækrɪfaɪs]

• n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉
• vt. 牺牲；亏本出售；供奉
• vi. 献祭；(棒球)作牺牲一击

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U] [C] 牺牲,舍身

   loss or giving up of sth of value, especially for what is believed to be a good purpose

2. [C] 献祭,供奉

   offering of sth valuable, often a slaughtered animal, to a god

3. [C] 祭品

   such an offering; thing offered in this way

v. (动词)

1. vt. 以…作为祭品

   give or offer (sth) as a sacrifice to a god

2. vt. 牺牲

   give up as a sacrifice

3. vt. 贱卖

   sell at a loss

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 祭品，献祭，祭牲，供奉，供品
2. 牺牲，舍身，献身，牺牲的行为
3. 亏本出售的商品； 亏本出售，大贱卖
4. <美>【棒】牺牲打
5. 损失
6. 【宗】基督的献身；圣餐
7. 【桥牌】牺牲叫牌

v. 动词

1. 牺牲；让...做出牺牲
2. 献祭，作祭品，祭祀，以作祭献
3. 献出，把...奉献给...
4. 亏本出售，廉价卖出，贱卖
5. <美>【棒】作牺牲打
6. 【桥牌】做牺牲叫

英英释义

Noun:

1. the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.

2. personnel that are sacrificed (e.g., surrendered or lost in order to gain an objective)

3. a loss entailed by giving up or selling something at less than its value;

   "he had to sell his car at a considerable sacrifice"
   

4. the act of killing (an animal or person) in order to propitiate a deity

5. (baseball) an out that advances the base runners

Verb:

1. endure the loss of;

   "He gave his life for his children"
   "I gave two sons to the war"
   

2. kill or destroy;

   "The animals were sacrificed after the experiment"
   "The general had to sacrifice several soldiers to save the regiment"
   

3. sell at a loss

4. make a sacrifice of; in religious rituals

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He gave his life as a sacrifice for his country.
   他为国牺牲了。
2. She made a big sacrifice for her position today.
   她为今天的职位付出了很大的代价。
3. They offered a sacrifice to propitiate the god.
   他们供奉祭品以慰诸神。
4. A calf was offered up as a sacrifice to the goddess.
   向女神祭献了一头牺牲小牛。
5. They offered a sacrifice to propitiate the god.
   他们供奉祭品以慰诸神。
6. In the first scene, I sacrifice a sheep, taking its heart.
   第一幕场景中，我供奉了一只羊，取出了它的心脏。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. You must not sacrifice studies for pleasure.
   你不能为享乐而牺牲学业。
2. It's the company's policy to sacrifice short-term profits for the sake of long-term growth.
   为长期发展而牺牲短期利润是公司的方针。
3. He sacrificed his car when he go abroad to work.
   他到海外去工作的时候亏本出售了他的汽车。
4. The high priest sacrificed the goat on the altar.
   大祭司把山羊供奉在祭坛上。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. Sacrifice is the ultimate act of self-giving love.
   献祭却是最舍己的爱的行动。
2. I have come to sacrifice to Jehovah.
   我来是要向耶和华献祭。
3. As an additional cost to play Shard Volley, sacrifice a land.
   作为碎片齐发的额外费用，牺牲一快地。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. There were complaints that it was demanding too much sacrifice on the part of ordinary people.
   人们报怨要老百姓作出的牺牲太多了。
2. His parents made a lot of sacrifices to make sure he got a good education.
   他的父母为确保他得到良好的教育而做了很多牺牲。
3. Before the battle, the commanders ordered the sacrifice of two bullocks to the god of war.
   打仗之前,指挥官下令给战神供奉两只小公牛。
4. They killed a sheep as a sacrifice.
   他们宰了一只羊作为祭品。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Abraham was about to sacrifice Issac.
   亚伯拉罕正要用艾瑟克作祭品。
2. They sacrificed cattle, sheep and pigs.
   他们以三牲为祭品。
3. The ancient Greeks sacrificed lambs or calves before engaging in battle.
   古希腊人在打仗前用羔羊或小牛作祭品。
4. She must sacrifice herself; there was no other way.
   她必须牺牲自己,除此之外别无他法。
5. They'll not readily sacrifice their freedom of the press.
   他们不会轻易放弃自己的新闻自由。
6. I need the money and I'm having to sacrifice my car.
   我需要钱,因此我准备廉价出售我的汽车。
7. As he was in need of money, he was forced to sacrifice the furniture.
   因为需要钱,他只好将家具折本出售。
8. The owner sacrificed her horses.
   马主把她的马匹廉价卖出去了。
9. Jacelin sacrificed his life to save the child from the fire.
   杰斯林牺牲自己的生命把孩子从火中救了出来。
10. Cage sacrificed her pleasure and pastime to look after the old man.
    凯奇牺牲自己的娱乐和消遣时间去照料这位老人。
11. He sacrificed his holiday to help his brother's business.
    为了帮助兄弟经商,他放弃休假。
1
12. The old houses had to be sacrificed to make room for modern buildings.
    为了腾出地皮来盖现代化的楼房,这些旧房只好拆除。

经典引文

• The river could be persuaded not to flood by the sacrifice of a black goat.

  出自： J. G. Farrell

• The Spartans..sacrificed horses to him.

  出自： J. G. Frazer

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

sacrifice for (v.+prep.)

为…而牺牲〔放弃〕 lose (sth) or give up for (sb/sth)
sacrifice sth for sb/sth
A mother will sacrifice her life for her children.

为了孩子,一个母亲可以献出她自己的生命。
He decided to sacrifice a trip for a new house.

他为了购买新房,决定放弃旅行。
He sacrificed a promising career for a momentary fancy.

他因一时心血来潮而失去了一个颇有发展前途的职业。
They sacrificed their lives for the sake of freedom.

他们为争取自由而献出了生命。

sacrifice to (v.+prep.)

为…牺牲〔奉献…〕; 舍弃…以得到… give up; yield (sth or oneself) in favour of (sth/sb else); lose (sth) in order to get (sth else)He has sacrificed himself to the nation's interest.他为了国家的利益而牺牲了自己。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• fall a sacrifice to 成为…的牺牲品
• fear no sacrifice 不怕牺牲
• make〔offer〕 a sacrifice 作出牺牲

形容词+～

• great〔useless〕 sacrifice 巨大〔无用〕的牺牲
• needless〔unnecessary〕 sacrifice 不必要的牺牲

介词+～

• at any sacrifice 不惜任何牺牲
• by the sacrifice of principles 牺牲原则
• with a great sacrifice of time 牺牲很多时间

～+介词

• sacrifice for 为…作出牺牲
• sacrifice of lives 献出生命

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• sacrifice one's pleasures 牺牲某人的娱乐
• sacrifice one's time 牺牲某人的时间

～+副词

• sacrifice bloodlessly 不流血地牺牲
• sacrifice deliberately 故意贱卖
• sacrifice economically 便宜地卖
• sacrifice fatally 注定要牺牲
• sacrifice heartlessly 残忍地贱卖
• sacrifice heroically 英勇牺牲
• sacrifice personally 个人牺牲
• sacrifice readily 轻易放弃
• sacrifice shamefully 无耻地贱卖
• sacrifice supremely 极大地牺牲

～+介词

• sacrifice for 为…而牺牲〔放弃〕
• sacrifice one's future for 为了…而牺牲自己的前途
• sacrifice one's life for 为…牺牲自己的生命
• sacrifice oneself for a just cause 为正义事业而献身
• sacrifice one's life for the country 为国捐躯
• sacrifice oneself for the sake of one's children 为了子女牺牲了自己
• sacrifice to 向…献祭,把…贡献给,为…而牺牲
• sacrifice beauty to accuracy (文章)为了准确宁可不美
• sacrifice an animal to the gods 向神献祭动物
• sacrifice to idols 供奉偶像
• sacrifice public interest to the private 损公肥私
• sacrifice polish to speed 为追求速度而放弃对文字的推敲润饰

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. sacrifice用作名词时基本意思是“祭品”,转化为动词意为“以…作为祭品”,引申可表示某人为了更重要、更珍贵的人或理想而“奉献”或“牺牲”自己的利益、事业等,含有自我克制的意味,有时还可表示“贱卖”。
2. sacrifice只用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。表示“为…牺牲”时,常与介词for或to连用。可用于被动结构。
3. sacrifice还常接动词不定式作目的状语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

sacrifice, forgo

• 这组词都可表示“放弃”。它们之间的区别是:前者指为某种目的而舍弃自己的生命或权利; 后者指根据某种原则自动放弃,或因某种原因而失去。试比较以下两个句子的含义:
• The soldiers were willing to sacrifice their lives for their country.
• 士兵们甘愿为国捐躯。
• The actors forwent their pay for the benefit performance.
• 演员们不要报酬参加义演。

词源解说

• ☆ 13世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的sacrifise，意为祭祀品；最初源自拉丁语的sacrificium，意为祭祀。

近反义词

【近义词】

• forfeit 没收物
• surrender 投降
• lose 丢失
• cost 费用
• loss 遗失
• forgo 放弃
• give up 放弃
• relinquish 放弃
• yield 生产
• release 释放
• expense 费用
• waive 放弃
• detriment 损伤
• disadvantage 不利
• martyr 【C】烈士
• forego 放弃
• ransom 赎金
• victim 受害者
• scapegoat 替罪的羔羊
• let go 放开, 松手
• give 给
• spare 备用的
• reverence 敬畏
• up 向上
• miss [M-]小姐
• forfeiture (财产等）没收...

派生词

v.(动词)

• sacrificial adj. 献祭的；献身的