excuse

英 [ɪk'skjuːs] 美 [ɪk'skjuːs]

• vt. 原谅；辩解
• n. 理由；辩解；借口

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 原谅,宽恕

   forgive; overlook

2. vt. 免除

   free sb from a duty

3. vt. 为…辩解

   make bad behaviour seem less bad or harmless

n. (名词)

1. [C][U]理由,借口,辩解

   reason given to explain or defend one's behaviour

2. [P]歉意,道歉

   apology

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 理由，借口，解释，托辞，籍口
2. 辩解
3. 原谅，饶恕
4. 歉意，道歉
5. 请假条
6. 拙劣样品，蹩脚货
7. 可原谅的事情，情有可原的因素，证明为正当的因素
8. 解除，赦免，免去

v. 动词

1. 原谅，请原谅，宽恕，宽容 ，饶恕
2. 对不起，很抱歉
3. （使）免除，宽免
4. 辩解，试图开脱
5. 成为…的理由
6. 为...辩解
7. 表白
8. 推辞
9. 允许
10. 准许…离去，让…走开
11. 劳驾
12. 借光
13. 同意免除，同意免做
14. 请求准予离开

英英释义

Noun:

1. a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc.;

   "he kept finding excuses to stay"
   "every day he had a new alibi for not getting a job"
   "his transparent self-justification was unacceptable"
   

2. a note explaining an absence;

   "he had to get his mother to write an excuse for him"
   

3. a poor example;

   "it was an apology for a meal"
   "a poor excuse for an automobile"
   

Verb:

1. accept an excuse for;

   "Please excuse my dirty hands"
   

2. grant exemption or release to;

   "Please excuse me from this class"
   

3. serve as a reason or cause or justification of;

   "Your need to sleep late does not excuse your late arrival at work"
   "Her recent divorce may explain her reluctance to date again"
   

4. defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning;

   "rationalize the child's seemingly crazy behavior"
   "he rationalized his lack of success"
   

5. ask for permission to be released from an engagement

6. excuse, overlook, or make allowances for; be lenient with;

   "excuse someone's behavior"
   "She condoned her husband's occasional infidelities"
   

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. Excuse me, but I must say you are completely wrong.
   对不起，但是我必须说你完全错了。
2. I hope you will excuse me if I have to leave early.
   如果我必须早些离开,希望你能原谅我。
3. He told a real whopper to excuse his lateness.
   他撒了个大谎为自己的迟到辩解。

用作名词 (n.)

1. His excuse for being late was that he had missed the train.
   他迟到的理由是没有赶上火车。
2. Such conduct allows of no excuse.
   这样的行为是不容辩解的。
3. My lame excuse is that I have too much to do.
   我那站不住脚的借口就是我要干的事太多了。
4. I won't let him get away with that excuse.
   我不会让他用那种借口蒙混过去。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. I will excuse you this time.
   这次我原谅你。
2. I hope you'll excuse me.
   我希望你能原谅我。
3. I hope you are not excusing him.
   我希望你不要替他辩护。
4. It's no use trying to excuse yourself.
   你辩解也没用。
5. Then he excused himself and went away.
   然后他说了声对不起就走开了。
6. Haas had to go to the dentist's, so he excused himself and left the classroom.
   哈斯得上牙科医院去,所以他请求允许后就离开了教室。
7. The committee meeting lasted so long that Facer excused himself to keep an appointment.
   委员会议开了很久,费塞要赴另一个约会,请求先行离去。
8. I cannot excuse his laziness.
   他太懒,我不能原谅他。
9. Nothing can excuse such carelessness.
   如此疏忽大意是绝不能原谅的。
10. I don't think this excuses the government's neglect.
    我认为这不能成为政府失误的理由。
11. Nothing will excuse his cruelty to his children.
    他对自己的孩子凶狠,不可原谅。
12. Excuse my delay in answering your letter.
    来函迟复,望原谅。
13. Excuse me, but I don't think that statement is quite true.
    对不起,不过我认为那话不十分真实。
14. Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the post office?
    劳驾,请问到邮局去走哪条路?
15. “I guess he is coming.”“Excuse me?”
    “我猜他会来。”“对不起,你说什么?”
1
16. Such behaviour cannot be excused.
    这种行为是不能原谅的。

S+～+ v -ing

1. We will never excuse taking innocent hostages.
   我们绝不原谅扣押无辜作为人质的行为。
2. Please excuse my interrupting.
   请原谅我的打扰。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

1. That will excuse him another trip.
   那将省得他再跑一趟。
2. The boss of the ballroom excused them the fee.
   舞厅老板给他们免费。
1
3. Can I be excused lessons today?
   我今天不上课行吗?

用作名词 (n.)

1. His excuse just doesn't add up.
   他的辩解简直没有道理。
2. Her excuse didn't go down well, no one believed it.
   她的借口不能使人信服,没有一个人相信它。
3. She got off this time, but next time her excuse won't help her.
   这次她算没事了,但是下次她的借口就帮不了忙了。
4. When Jerry asked me to her house I usually made some excuse.
   每当杰瑞请我到她屋子里去时,我总是借口推托。
5. He tried to explain away his lateness, but we didn't accept his excuse.
   他竭力为自己迟到辩解,但我们不相信他的托词。
6. I have received nothing but excuse from you for weeks.
   几星期来,我从你那儿听到的只是辩白之词。
7. He clapped up an excuse, but this was soon seen through.
   他信口编造了一个借口,可是马上就被识破了。
8. He can find many excuses for playing truant.
   他能为逃学找到许多理由。
9. He pleaded headache, therefore, as an excuse to stay at home.
   所以他以头痛为借口呆在家里。
10. I know it's poor work.I can only say in excuse that I was ill at that time.
    我知道这工作做得差,我只能说,我的理由是当时我有病。
11. Those who are absent without (good) excuses will be dismissed.
    无故缺席者一律开除。
12. The situation allows no excuse.
    情况不容拖延。
13. Such conduct admits of no excuse.
    这种行为不容宽恕。
14. Granted that he was drunk, that is no excuse for his conduct.
    就算他是醉了,那也不能成为他这样做的理由。
15. Give my excuses to your mother for having caused her so much trouble.
    请代我向你母亲致歉,我给她添了不少麻烦。

经典引文

• The old woman gave me a note of excuse.

  出自： Lytton

• I should rather excuse myself, then censure others.

  出自： I. Walton

• She excused..having made him wait.

  出自： E. Haywood

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

excuse by (v.+prep.)

以…方式找原因〔借口〕 give a reason for (sth) in order to be forgiven
excuse sth by v-ing
He excused his absence by saying that he was ill.

他说他生病了,为他缺席开脱。

excuse for (v.+prep.)

就〔因〕…原谅(某人) accept the explanation offered by (sb) for (a fault)
excuse sb for sth/v-ing
Ignorance of a law does not excuse a man for violating it.

一个人不懂法律不能成为其违反法律行为的借口。
Excuse me for interrupting you.

请原谅,打扰你了。
Excuse me for being rude.

恕我失礼。
Please excuse me for using your telephone without asking permission.

请原谅我没征得你的允许就用了你的电话。
You can't be excused for such a silly reason.

不能因为这样一个可笑的理由而原谅你。

excuse from (v.+prep.)

允许(某人)免去… allow (sb) not to complete (sth that he was expected to do); free (sb) from (sth)
excuse sb/oneself from sth/v-ing
I want to excuse myself from the work.

我想请求不做那项工作。
I cannot excuse you from attending my classes.

我不能允许你不听我的课。
She excused herself from attending the meeting.

她请求不参加会议。
Those who passed the first test are excused from the second one.

凡是通过第一次测试的人,第二次可以免试。
They may be excused from complying with this regulation.

他们可以不按这条规则行事。

用作名词 (n.)

make sb's excuses

作出解释 explain why sb is not doing sth or for absence

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• excuse oneself 为自己辩解,请求离开
• excuse such a selfish act 原谅如此自私的行为

～+副词

• excuse graciously 仁慈地宽恕
• excuse pleasantly 高兴地原谅
• excuse quietly 秘密地免除
• excuse really 真正地原谅
• excuse reasonably 有理由地原谅
• excuse speciously 貌似有理地原谅

～+介词

• excuse as 因…而免除
• excuse for 为…辩解,成为…的理由
• excuse from 免除…

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• accept an excuse 接受道歉
• admit of no excuse 不容辩解
• cook up an excuse 捏造一个借口,找个借口
• demand an excuse 要求道歉
• find an excuse 找到借口
• give an excuse 道歉
• have excuses 有借口
• make an excuse 想出一个借口,编一套理由
• offer an excuse 主动表示歉意
• think up an excuse 想出一个借口

形容词+～

• brilliant excuse 明智的理由
• good excuse 可接受的辩解
• poor excuse 无力的辩解
• various excuses 各种借口
• weak excuse 站不住脚的借口

介词+～

• in excuse of 为…辩解,作为…的解释
• under excuse 在借口下
• without excuse 没有借口,无故

～+介词

• an excuse for 成为…的理由
• an excuse for some fault 对某种过失请求原谅

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. excuse的基本意思是“原谅”“宽恕”,常指原谅一个人的轻微过失或疏忽,主语通常是人。引申可表示“免除”“为…辩解”等。
2. excuse一般用作及物动词,可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,但不接动词不定式或从句。
3. excuse作“原谅”“宽恕”解时,其宾语后常接介词for表示所原谅的事; 作“免除”解时,可接双宾语,也可与介词from搭配使用; 作“为…辩解”解时,常接反身代词表示“为自己辩解”或“说声对不起”。
4. excuse作“原谅”“免除”解时,可用于被动结构。作“为…辩解”解时不用于被动结构。作“原谅”解以名词或代词作宾语时,可用于被动结构(须以人作主语); 以动名词作宾语时,则不用于被动结构。
5. Excuse me的意思是“对不起”“请原谅〔宽恕〕”,是口语中常用的客套话,可表示对过失或失礼的歉意,也可作为请求对方允许、问事的礼貌用语,还可用以表示婉言谢绝、客气纠正等,常与连词but或情态动词will, would等连用。在美式英语中,Excuse me还可表示“提请对方重复说过的话”,而英式英语中在这种场合下常用I beg your pardon?或Pardon?来表示。

n. (名词)

1. excuse用作名词的基本意思是“理由”,常指为自己做了不该做的事或说了不该说的话而寻找“借口”,常译为“托词”。
2. excuse既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。常用“for sth/ v -ing”作其后置定语,时有也用动词不定式作其定语。
3. excuse有时还可作“歉意,道歉”解,一般用复数形式。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

excuse for, excuse from

• 这两个短语中介词不同,意思完全相反:前者的意思是“原谅做了某事”,后者的意思是“原谅未做某事”。试比较:
• Excuse me for telling them the truth.
• 请原谅我把实情告诉了他们。
• Excuse me from telling them the truth.
• 请原谅我没把实情告诉他们。

excuse me,I'm sorry,I beg your pardon

• 在口语中,这3种表达方式都可表示“对不起,请原谅”。但用法上有区别:I'm sorry用在“某人说完话或做完事以后,需向人表示歉意”的场合; excuse me用在“某人说话或做事可能会引起对方不快或是要麻烦人家或是请示许可”的场合; I beg your pardon是一种比较正式的说法,在美式英语中可用pardon me来表示道歉。例如:
• Excuse me, but may I leave the classroom for a moment?对不起,我可以离开教室一会儿吗?
• I'm sorry, but I've lost your umbrella.对不起,把你的雨伞丢了。
• I beg your pardon for such seeming rudeness.请原谅这种听来鲁莽的话。

n. (名词)

exhibit, apology, pretext

• 参见apology条。

excuse, cause, grounds, reason

• 这组词都有“理由,原因”的意思。其区别在于:cause指造成一种事实或现象的比较直接的“原因,根源,起因”,它表示的原因是指导致某种结果的客观条件、情况、事件、力量等; reason强调“推理”,指对于某个情况或看法从逻辑推理上引出结论的“理由”; excuse指为了避免责任而设法辩解过错或设法使之显得轻微,指找出的“理由,原因”或“借口”; grounds指一种有根据的“理由”,有时可译作“原因”。例如:
• Give your reason for changing the plan.把你改变计划的理由讲一下。
• He is always late, and always has an excuse.他总是迟到,而且总有借口。
• I have not much grounds for believing the information.我没有充分的依据去相信这个消息。

cause，reason，excuse

• 这些名词均有“原因”之意。
• cause指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事有因果关系。
• reason强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。
• excuse指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 原谅我还没给你回信。

   误 Excuse me for I have not answered your letter.

   正 Excuse me for not answering your letter.

   析 excuse宾语后的介词for不能接句子,一般接动名词。

2. 艾德为自己迟到找借口,说自己的表慢了。

   误 Ade excused him for his tardiness, saying his watch was wrong.

   正 Ade excused himself for his tardiness, saying his watch was wrong.

   析 表示“为自己…找借口〔开脱〕”,要用excuse oneself for。

n. (名词)

1. 作为失败的借口,她说她一直在生病。

   误 As excuse of her failure she said she had been ill.

   正 In excuse of her failure she said she had been ill.

   析 表示“作为…的借口”,可说in excuse of,不可说as excuse of。

词源解说

• ☆ 13世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的escuser；最初源自古典拉丁语的excusare：ex (出，开） + causa (控告），意为解除控告。

近反义词

【近义词】

• forgive
• pardon
• cause
• grounds
• plea
• pretence
• reason

【反义词】

• blame
• condemn
• discipline
• punish