sponge

英 [spʌndʒ] 美 [spʌndʒ]

• n. 海绵
• vt. 用海绵擦拭；吸收掉；抹掉

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 擦拭,清除

   wash, wipe or clean with a sponge

2. vt. & vi. 骗取

   get by sponging

英英释义

Noun:

1. a porous mass of interlacing fibers that forms the internal skeleton of various marine animals and usable to absorb water or any porous rubber or cellulose product similarly used

2. someone able to acquire new knowledge and skills rapidly and easily;

   "she soaks up foreign languages like a sponge"
   

3. a follower who hangs around a host (without benefit to the host) in hope of gain or advantage

4. primitive multicellular marine animal whose porous body is supported by a fibrous skeletal framework; usually occurs in sessile colonies

Verb:

1. wipe with a sponge, so as to clean or moisten

2. ask for and get free; be a parasite

3. erase with a sponge; as of words on a blackboard

4. soak up with a sponge

5. gather sponges, in the ocean

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The sponge soaked in the water on the desk.
   海绵将书桌上的水吸了进去。
2. That child soaks up new facts like a sponge!
   那孩子吸收新知识像海绵似的。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. I like to sponge myself down in a hot bath.
   洗热水澡时我喜欢用海绵擦洗全身。
2. Sponge the mud spots off the car.
   用海绵擦去车上的污泥。
3. Time can sponge out all trace of truth .
   时间会抹去一切真理的痕迹。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. She sponged the boy's wound.
   她用棉球擦洗那男孩的伤口。
2. She sponged 400 yuan last night.
   昨天晚上她骗到手400元。

经典引文

• He mopped up the..blood with a sponge.

  出自： Rider Haggard

• Nurses..bathed him with alcohol-soaked sponges.

  出自： E. Segal

• She..began sponging her cheeks with..water.

  出自： V. Woolf

• We sponged and pressed our winter coats.

  出自： Dodie Smith

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

sponge down (v.+adv.)

用海绵擦洗 wash (sb or sth) with a sponge
sponge oneself/sth ⇔ down
We sponged down the walls to get the worst of the dirt off.

我们用海绵洗墙,把最脏处给擦净了。
It's so nice to sponge myself down in a hot bath, it makes me feel so much cleaner.

在热水澡盆里用海绵擦洗真舒服,它使我感觉清爽多了。

sponge from (v.+prep.)

从…乞讨; 从…诈取 obtain sth from sb by asking, without praying, giving, or doing anything in return
sponge sth from sb
Some beggars sponge money from passengers in the railway station.

一些乞丐向车站里的旅客讨钱。
The gambler sponged a cigarette from the man sitting next to him.

那个赌徒向坐在他旁边的人讨支烟抽。
The impostor sponged 1000 pounds from his acquaintance.

那个骗子从相识者那里骗取1000英镑。

sponge off¹ (v.+adv.)

(用海绵)拭去,除去 be removed with a sponge
sponge off
Will the mark sponge off?

这污渍用海绵擦得掉吗? sponge sth ⇔ off
The mother sponged crayon marks off.

母亲用湿海绵擦去了痕迹。

sponge off² (v.+prep.)

寄生于…; 依赖…生活; 诈取别人的金钱 live at sb else's expense; scrounge (money) from sb
sponge off sb/sth
He has been sponging off us.

多年来他一直靠我们养活他。
It's ridiculous to accuse people who need state benefits of sponging off the state.

指责需要国家救济金的人诈取国家钱财是荒谬的。 sponge sth off sb
Old William usually manages to sponge a drink off somebody in the pub.

老威廉常常设法诈取酒客的钱。
The pedlar sponged money off us.

那个小商贩骗了我们的钱。

sponge on (v.+prep.)

寄生于…; 依赖…生活 live at sb else's expense; get money from another without giving anything in return
sponge on sb
He's done no work for years, and lives by sponging on his relations.

他多年不工作,依赖亲戚过活。
He feels it very shameful to sponge on his parents after he's grown up.

他觉得自己长大了还依赖父母感觉很丢脸。

sponge out (v.+adv.)

用海绵等擦拭; 洗涤; 清除 wash, wipe or clean with a sponge
sponge sth ⇔ out
Time sponges out all trace of truth.

时间会抹去真理的一切痕迹。
You should try to sponge out the memory of the accident.

你该努力抹除那次事故的记忆。
The sentence should be sponged out.

这一句应删去。

sponge up (v.+adv.)

用海绵吸掉 take up with or as with a sponge
sponge sth ⇔ up
The nurse sponged up the blood from the wound.

护士用海绵把伤口的血吸掉。
The state loan sponged up most of the available savings.

这笔贷款把大部分可动用的储蓄存款都吸收去了。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+副词

• sponge away〔down〕 用海绵擦去
• sponge off 用海绵擦去
• sponge out a memory 抹除记忆
• sponge up the mess 用海绵吸去污水

～+介词

• sponge oneself in the bath 在浴缸里用海绵擦身洗澡
• sponge sth off the car 用海绵拭去车上的某物

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. sponge用作名词的意思是“海绵”,转化为动词意思是“用海绵揩拭或吸去”。引申可作“清除”“骗取”解。
2. sponge可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。
3. sponge后常接on, upon, off或from表示毫无顾忌地、恬不知耻地依赖别人生活,常用于口语。sponge后接介词off或from也可表示“骗取”。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的sponge；最初源自拉丁语的spongia，意为海绵。

近反义词

【近义词】

• mop 拖把
• clean 干净的
• wipe 擦
• wash 洗
• rub 擦
• swab 【C】药签
• scrubber 擦洗工具
• exfoliator 去角质成分
• squeegee 橡皮清洁刷
• parasite 寄生虫
• wiper 雨刷
• loofah 丝瓜
• sponger 使用海棉擦拭的人...
• leech 水蛭
• bum 流浪汉
• freeloader 不速之客
• scrounger scrounge的名词形...
• bloodsucker 吸血动物
• beggar 乞丐
• moocher 乞丐
• deadbeat 赖账者
• rinse 清洗
• absorb 吸收
• bathe 沐浴
• grub [动]蛆
• quick study 学得快的人
• poriferan 海棉动物
• mooch 乞讨
• cadge 乞讨
• parazoan 侧生动物(即海绵动物或多...