spirit

英 ['spɪrɪt] 美 ['spɪrɪt]

• n. 精神；心灵；幽灵；精灵
• (复)spirits：精力；情绪；烈酒.
• v. 使精神振作；偷偷带走

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U] [C] 精神,心灵

   the part of a person's mind that is able to think and will; talked about as clearly opposed to the body

2. [C] 灵魂,幽灵

   thought of as remaining alive, especially without appearing in physical form

3. [S] 气概,志气

   a quality of lively determination or brave effort

4. [P] 情绪,心情

   an intention or feeling in the mind; attitude

5. [U] 酒精,烈酒

   any of various liquids such as alcohol

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 精神，精力
2. 幽灵，妖精
3. 勇气，气概，气魄
4. 情绪
5. 心灵
6. 志气
7. 灵魂
8. 烈酒
9. 兴致，心情，念头
10. 潮流，风气
11. 【宗】圣灵
12. 本意
13. 心意
14. 酒精

v. 动词

1. 使精神振作，鼓舞，鼓励，提神
2. 迅速而神秘地带走，使…神秘失踪
3. 拐走，诱拐，拐带，拐去，绑架
4. 偷走， 偷偷带走
5. 让人不可思议地弄走
6. 带走
7. 如用魔法般地使出现

英英释义

Noun:

1. the vital principle or animating force within living things

2. the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people;

   "the feel of the city excited him"
   "a clergyman improved the tone of the meeting"
   "it had the smell of treason"
   

3. a fundamental emotional and activating principle determining one's character

4. any incorporeal supernatural being that can become visible (or audible) to human beings

5. the state of a person's emotions (especially with regard to pleasure or dejection);

   "his emotional state depended on her opinion"
   "he was in good spirits"
   "his spirit rose"
   

6. the intended meaning of a communication

7. animation and energy in action or expression;

   "it was a heavy play and the actors tried in vain to give life to it"
   

8. an inclination or tendency of a certain kind;

   "he had a change of heart"
   

Verb:

1. infuse with spirit;

   "The company spirited him up"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He is endued with a spirit of public service.
   他富有为公众服务的精神。
2. We need a spirit of enterprise if we are to overcome our difficulties.
   如果我们要克服困难，我们就要有进取精神。
3. Now the rat of Panic was gnawing at Byron's spirit.
   如今恐慌正象耗子一样在啃啮拜伦的心灵。
4. Music lifted up the listening spirit.
   音乐净化升华了倾听它的心灵。
5. It will evaporate like a spirit.
   它将来总要像幽灵一样化成云烟。
6. They believe that his spirit lives on after death.
   他们相信他死后灵魂还活着。
7. She did not turn into foam. She became a spirit of the air and was happy at last.
   她没有变成泡沫.

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. She has rallied her spirits.
   她已恢复了精神。
2. Nothing could dampen his spirits.
   任何事情都不能使他精神消沉。
3. Cancer destroyed her body but not her spirit.
   癌症摧残了她的身体,却毁不了她的精神。
4. Her youthful spirit was crushed out of her by hardships.
   由于受到种种艰难困苦的折磨,她那蓬勃的朝气消失了。
5. He shows no spirit.
   他没有勇气。
6. Communist spirit consists in whole-hearted devotion to public interests.
   共产主义精神就是一心为公。
7. He demanded that he himself be fired with the spirit of whole-heartedly serving the people.
   他要求自己充满全心全意为人民服务的精神。
8. The Chinese youth should carry forward the revolutionary spirit of the May 4th Movement.
   中国青年应该发扬五四运动的革命精神。
9. The article breathes the spirit of the age.
   这篇文章反映出时代精神。
10. He was one of the greatest spirits of his time.
    他是他那个时代最伟大的人物之一。
11. His spirit will soon be in Heaven.
    他的灵魂不久将归天。
12. The dying man recommended his spirit to God.
    这个将死的人把他的灵魂托付给上帝。
13. The magician offered to call up the spirit of any great person of the past that we liked to name.
    魔术师表示能把任何一个我们愿意指定的死去的伟人的鬼魂召回。
14. The music seems to purify one's spirit of evil thoughts.
    这种音乐似乎能够荡涤人们心灵中的邪念。
15. If the spirit of Caesar could be called up by some spell,I wonder what it would think of the present-day world.
    如果恺撒的鬼魂可以用符咒召回的话,我不知道它对当今世界会有什么看法。
16. Some people think that they have seen the spirits of dead persons.
    有些人认为他们看见过死人的鬼魂。
17. God is pure spirit.
    上帝是圣灵。
18. He was one of the spirits in heaven.
    他是天国的精灵之一。
19. I don't think her spirits will fall at the bad news.
    我想她听到这坏消息时不会情绪低落的。
20. The good news elevated everyone's spirits.
    这个好消息鼓舞了每个人的情绪。
21. Her spirits remained up in spite of her disappointment.
    尽管她很失望,但她的情绪依然高昂。
22. I hope that the holiday will give back my good spirits.
    我希望假日能使我的心情好转。
23. Her spirits were dashed by the incident.
    她因为那件事而心情沮丧。
24. I'm glad Hubert married a girl of spirit.
    我很高兴休伯特娶了一位天真活泼的姑娘。
25. She had a strong will, a spirit of initiative.
    她具有坚定的意志和首创精神。
26. That's the right spirit!
    这是正确的态度!
27. She did this thing in a spirit of mischief.
    她以恶作剧的心理做这件事。
28. Whisky contains a large percentage of spirit.
    威士忌的酒精含量极高。
29. A spirit lamp burns spirit instead of oil.
    酒精灯燃烧的是酒精而不是油。
30. The grocer sells wine and spirits.
    食品商出售葡萄酒和烈性酒。

经典引文

• My spirit is going; I can no more.

  出自：Anthony Cleopatra , Shakespeare

• They were..fitted and spirited for Trials.

  出自： Patrick Walker

• He was further spirited to it by an anonymous letter.

  出自： H. Rogers

• One..boy..had to spirit himself up, whenever he came to play.

  出自： R. L. Stevenson

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

be in (good〔high〕) spirits

喜气洋洋,快活,兴高采烈 put spirit into sth; be in royal spirits

in spirit

精神上,心灵上 in one's thoughts

lose one's spirits

垂头丧气 be out of spirits; be in low spirits; be down in spirits

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• admire sb's spirit 钦佩某人的精神
• arouse sb's spirit 激起某人的精神,鼓起某人的士气
• brace up one's spirits 振作精神
• break sb's spirits 挫某人的锐气,使某人垂头丧气
• catch the spirit of the day 赶上时代精神
• damp spirits 败兴
• dash spirits 使精神沮丧
• depend on a spirit of 依靠…的精神
• develop a spirit of 发扬…的精神
• display a spirit of 表现…的精神
• have a spirit of 具有…的精神
• heighten spirits 振作精神
• inspire a spirit of 鼓励〔激起〕一种…的精神
• keep up one's spirits 振作精神
• lose one's spirits 垂头丧气
• put spirits into work 加劲干活
• raise sb's spirits 提高某人的士气〔情绪〕
• recover one's spirits 恢复士气〔情绪〕
• suit the spirit of the age 符合时代精神
• understand the spirit of 理解…的精神实质
• weaken the spirit of 削弱…的精神〔士气〕

形容词+～

• active spirit 积极的精神
• American spirit 美国人的精神
• brave spirit 勇敢的精神
• civil spirit 公民精神
• enterprising spirit 进取精神
• good spirit 伟大的精神,高昂的情绪
• great spirit 伟大的精神,高昂的情绪
• independent spirit 独立精神
• modern spirit 现代精神
• noble spirit 高尚的精神,高尚的人
• revolutionary spirit 革命精神〔气概〕
• scientific spirit 科学精神
• bad spirits 坏心情〔情绪〕
• better spirits 较佳的情绪
• cheerful spirits 兴高采烈的情绪
• excellent spirits 心境极佳
• flagging spirits 萎靡不振的情绪
• friendly spirits 友好的气氛
• high spirits 高昂的情绪
• low spirits 低落的情绪
• top spirits 心境极佳
• evil spirit 恶鬼
• leading spirit 主要人物

名词+～

• class spirit 班级精神
• college spirit 学院精神
• party spirit 党性
• school spirit 爱校心
• team spirit (组、队成员的)协作精神,集体精神
• the Christmas spirit 基督教精神
• festival spirit 节日的气氛
• holiday spirit 假日的气氛
• war spirit 战时气氛

介词+～

• against the spirit 违背精神
• in a spirit 本着某种态度
• in spirits 兴致勃勃
• full of spirit 精力充沛
• out of spirits 不高兴
• to one's spirit 直至内心
• go at it with spirit 斗志昂扬地干

～+介词

• spirit of fun 以开玩笑的态度
• spirit of gambling 赌博风气
• spirit of law 法律精神
• spirit of science 科学精神
• spirit of the age 时代精神
• spirit of the day 时代精神
• spirit of youth and progress 朝气

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. spirit的基本意思是“精神,心灵”,引申可作“灵魂”“勇气”“骨气”“活力”“纯酒精”解,是不可数名词。
2. spirit表示“某种精神”或“精神实质”时,与“文字(letter)”相对,是可数名词,用单数形式。
3. spirit还可作“人; 人物; 鬼魂; 精怪; 圣灵”解,是可数名词。
4. spirit作“情绪,心情”解时,多用于复数形式; 作“含酒精多的酒”解时,也多用于复数形式。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

spirit, mind, soul

• 这组词都有“精神”“灵魂”“心灵”的意思。其区别在于：
• 1.mind指人思维、感觉和意志官能。例如:
• I will keep your advice in mind.我要把你的劝告记在心里。
• She called to mind a character in a novel.她想起了小说中的一个人物。
• For some reason, her name did stick in my mind.由于某种原因,她的名字就是令人难忘。
• 2.soul指“灵魂”“精力”“精华”。例如:
• May his soul rest in peace!愿他的灵魂安息吧!
• Her body died but her soul went to heaven.她的肉体虽已死亡,但她的灵魂却升入天堂。
• Discipline is the soul of an army.纪律是军队的灵魂。
• He put his heart and soul into the work.他把精力全部贯注在工作上了。
• 3.spirit包括生者的灵魂和死者的鬼魂,也可指“精神”。例如:
• Are there such things as spirits?有鬼魂这样的东西吗?
• He showed the spirit of selflessness.他表现出忘我精神。
• He dedicated himself to his country, body and spirit.他把自己的身心都贡献给国家了。

soul，ghost，spirit

• 这些名词均含“灵魂，心灵”之意。
• soul指超越身体之外，永远存在的无形的东西，即所谓灵魂，亦可作人解。
• ghost普通用词，主要指死者的灵魂。
• spirit当指与body相对而言的所谓灵魂时，可与soul互换使用，但强调人的精神素质，也指神仙、精灵等。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 听到这个好消息,他们都兴高采烈。

   误 They were all with great spirit when they heard the good news.

   误 They were all with great spirits when they heard the good news.

   误 They were all in great spirit when they heard the good news.

   正 They were all in great spirits when they heard the good news.

   析 当 spirit 作“情绪”或“心情”解时,应该用其复数形式 spirits,这里介词 in 不能用 with 替代。

2. 输赢倒无所谓,重要的是你们临场时的那股锐气。

   误 Whether you win or lose is unimportant; what matters is the spirits in which you play.

   正 Whether you win or lose is unimportant; what matters is the spirit in which you play.

   析 当 spirit 作“气魄,气概,勇气,志气”解时,是不可数名词,要用其单数形式。

词源解说

• ☆ 13世纪中期进入英语，直接源自古法语的espirit，意为灵魂；最初源自拉丁语的spiritus，意为呼吸。

近反义词

【近义词】

• air
• feeling
• spook
• tone
• will

【反义词】

• body 身体