operation

英 [ˌɒpə'reɪʃn] 美 [ˌɑːpə'reɪʃn]

• n. 操作；运转；经营；行动；手术；运算；生效；（复）运筹学

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U]操作,运转,经营

   the condition or process of working

2. [C]手术

   the cutting of the body in order to set right or remove a diseased part

3. [C](军事)行动,活动

   a planned, especially military movement

4. [C]运算

   a process used to get one mathematical expression or figure from others

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 活动，工作
2. 操作
3. 运转，运行
4. 经营，营运
5. 作用，效力，生效
6. 行动；军事行动，作战
7. 【医】手术
8. 【数】运算
9. 交易，买卖

英英释义

Noun:

1. the state of being in effect or being operative;

   "that rule is no longer in operation"
   

2. a business especially one run on a large scale;

   "a large-scale farming operation"
   "a multinational operation"
   "they paid taxes on every stage of the operation"
   "they had to consolidate their operations"
   

3. a planned activity involving many people performing various actions;

   "they organized a rescue operation"
   "the biggest police operation in French history"
   "running a restaurant is quite an operation"
   "consolidate the companies various operations"
   

4. (computer science) data processing in which the result is completely specified by a rule (especially the processing that results from a single instruction);

   "it can perform millions of operations per second"
   

5. activity by a military or naval force (as a maneuver or campaign);

   "it was a joint operation of the navy and air force"
   

6. a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body;

   "they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available"
   "he died while undergoing surgery"
   

7. a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work;

   "the operations in building a house"
   "certain machine tool operations"
   

8. process or manner of functioning or operating;

   "the power of its engine determines its operation"
   "the plane's operation in high winds"
   "they compared the cooking performance of each oven"
   "the jet's performance conformed to high standards"
   

9. (psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents;

   "the process of thinking"
   "the cognitive operation of remembering"
   

10. (mathematics) calculation by mathematical methods;

    "the problems at the end of the chapter demonstrated the mathematical processes involved in the derivation"
    "they were learning the basic operations of arithmetic"
    

11. the activity of operating something (a machine or business etc.);

    "her smooth operation of the vehicle gave us a surprisingly comfortable ride"
    

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The operation of this machine is simple.
   这个机器的操作很简单。
2. I am skillful with computer operation.
   我的计算机操作技术很好。
3. We hope we will finalise the operation before the transfer window closes.
   我们希望在转会窗口关闭之前完成运转。
4. He calls himself the managing director but his company is just a Mickey Mouse operation that he runs from his own house.
   他自称为总经理,但他的公司就是再他自己家里经营的一个微不足道的商号。
5. Today, in order to meet the market competition, modes of business operation have undergone rapid change.
   今天,为适应市场竞争,经营方式正在迅速改变。
6. Actually, the whole D-Day operation was just round the corner.
   事实上,整个登陆行动已近在眼前。
7. Life by the great dream, learn and change, due to the successful operation!
   人生因梦想而伟大,因学习而改变,因行动而成功!
8. The gown a surgeon wears during an operation is usually green.
   外科医生在做手术时穿的手术服通常是绿色的。
9. The surgeon has performed the operation.
   外科医生做了手术。
10. Operation is conditional to the formulation.
    运算应符合公式。
11. In an addition operation, a number or quantity added to the augend.
    在加法运算中，加到被加数上的数或量。
12. The Department put into operation major reforms to the General Skilled Migration (GSM) programme with effect from 1 September 2007.
    我局在技术移民审理方面做了很大的改革，从2007年9月1日生效。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. They were also given the opportunity to do some operations.
   他们也有机会亲自去操作。
2. The difficult operation will exact all the doctor's skill.
   这困难的手术将需要这位医生拿出全部本领来。
3. The operation unavoidably caused the patient much pain.
   手术不免会导致病人更多的疼痛。
4. The young nurse was very nervous when she assisted at her first operation.
   这位年轻的女护士首次当手术助手时,心情非常紧张。
5. You'll be glad to get your operation over.
   你做完手术就会高兴了。
6. It was not the operation, but the fever that followed, which finished him off.
   不是手术,而是手术后的发烧使他死亡的。
7. The patient is coming along well after the operation.
   手术后病人健康状况良好。
8. Then he bent over the patient to start the operation.
   然后他俯身开始给病人做手术。
9. We must coordinate our operations with theirs.
   我们必须使我们的军事行动和他们的协调一致。
10. The operation caused serious concern to the Government.
    局势引起政府的严重不安。
11. This will enhance our operation effectiveness.
    这会提高我们的工作效率。

经典引文

• The Starres whose operations make The fortunes and destinies of men.

  出自： C. Tourneur

• The operation of the condenser pump is very simple.

  出自： R. Stuart

• Psychological concepts..can seriously interfere with the operation of the parents' good sense.

  出自： B. Spock

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

be in operation

实施中 carry out

come into operation

生效 make sth such as a law to begin to come into effect

put into operation

使处于某种状态 make sth be in a state of
put sth into operation
It's a wonderful scheme, and he's just the man to put it into operation.

这是一个很好的计划,而他正是实施这个计划的人选。
The regulations have been put into operation on a trial basis.

这些规定已开始试行。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• begin operations 开始军事演习
• bring a factory into operation 将工厂投入生产
• come into operation 开始生效
• conduct an operation 进行演习作战
• go into operation 开始工作,实施,生效
• have an operation 做过手术
• perform an operation 做手术,进行手术
• put into operation 实施,施行,投入生产
• put a law into operation 实施法律
• recover from an operation 手术后恢复健康

形容词+～

• arithmetical operations 算术运算
• combined operations 联合作战
• effective operation 有效的作用
• heavy operation 大手术
• large-scale operations 大规模作战
• major operation 大手术
• minor operation 小手术
• serious operation 重大的手术
• slight operation 微小的手术
• successful operation 成功的手术

名词+～

• black market operations 黑市交易
• drilling operations 演习
• land operation 陆地战
• rescue operation 救援活动
• sting operation (秘密警察为逮捕罪犯而)精心设计的行动

介词+～

• in operation 操作中,运转中,实施中,生效
• in full operation 全面实施
• plan of operations 作战计划
• theater of operations 战区
• out of operation 停止运转

～+介词

• operation for 为…做的手术
• operation on a large scale 大规模地进行军事演习
• operation on leg 腿上的手术
• operation on the head 头部开刀
• operation in arithmetic 数学的运算
• operation in tea 茶叶交易

词语用法

1. 美国人习惯用the operation of the school/theatre等表达方式，而英国人喜欢用conduct，management或running等词去代替operation；
2. 当operation可表示为“外科手术”。后面常接on/upon和表示人或身体某部分的单词，如an operation (up)on me。也可接for和病名，例如an operation for the detachment of the retina（视网膜脱落手术）。

n. (名词)

1. operation作“操作,运转,经营”解时,是不可数名词,主要用于美式英语中。
2. operation作“手术”“(军事)行动,活动”“运算”解时,是可数名词。
3. operation在句中可用作定语修饰其他名词。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

operation, act, action, deed

• 这组词的共同意思是“行为”。其区别是：
• 1.act和action常可替换,但act多指短暂的、单一的、个人的、具体的行为,强调后果; 而action多指时间较长、过程较复杂的持续动作或行为,有时也指抽象的行动,强调过程。deed指比较复杂或业已完成的行为,多指伟大的、感人的行为; operation常指几个工作的组合。
• 2.act和deed是可数名词; action常用作可数名词,有时用作不可数名词; operation可用作可数名词或不可数名词。
• 3.act和operation是一般用词; action是较正式用词; deed是正式用词。

act，action，deed，operation，performance

• 这些名词均含“行为、行动”之意。
• act一般指具体的、短暂的或个别的行为，强调行为的完成及其效果。
• action普通用词，着重行动的过程。
• deed较庄重用词，除泛指各种行为外，还可用于指某种高尚或伟大的行为，故常译作“功绩，业绩”。
• operation多指一连串行动或行为的完成方式。
• performance主要指行动的方式方法。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 这孩子得做手术。

   误 The child has got to do an operation.

   误 The child has got to make an operation.

   正 The child has got to have an operation.

   正 The child has got to perform an operation.

   析 “做手术”是have〔perform〕 an operation,不可以说do〔make〕 an operation。

词源解说

• ☆ 14世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的flexus；最初源自古典拉丁语的flexus，意为一种工作，操作。

近反义词

【近义词】

• action
• activity
• affair
• course
• deal
• effect
• exercise
• force
• process
• use
• working