last

英 [lɑːst] 美 [læst]

• v. 持续；维持
• adj. 最近的；上一个的；末尾的；最后的
• adv. 最后；最近一次
• n. 最后来的人（或发生的事）；鞋楦(做鞋的模型)

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vi. 延续;继续;持久

   go on;continue

2. vi. 耐用;经久

   remain of use, in good condition, or unweakened

3. vt. 够…用,经受住

   continue to be good or alive beyond the end of;endure

adj. (形容词)

1. [A]最后的,末尾的

   coming after all others in time or order

2. [A]最近的;刚过去的,上一个的

   latest;most recent

3. [A]唯一剩下的;最终的

   only remaining

4. [A]最不可能的,最不合适的

   least likely or suitable

n. (名词)

1. [C]最后的〔最后提到的〕人〔物〕;最近的信

   person or thing that is last or mentioned last

adv. (副词)

1. 上一次,最近一次

   on the occasion nearest in the past;most recently

2. 最后

   lastly

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 持久，耐久，经久
2. 持续，继续，延续，存续
3. 够用，够...之用，耐用
4. 保持良好状态
5. 维持，使得以维持，设法维持，足够维持
6. 度过，呆上
7. 拖过，拖上
8. 经受住，支撑
9. 用鞋楦头来调整
10. 保存，继续存在
11. 一直
12. 历时...之久
13. 持续起作用
14. 幸免于，活下去
15. 到…之后

adj. 形容词

1. 最近的，刚过去的
2. 紧接前面的
3. 末尾的，最后（剩下）的，最终的
4. 临终的
5. 最新（流行）的，最时髦的
6. 最上的，上一个的
7. 仅剩的，惟一剩下的
8. 最后过去的
9. 最不可能...的
10. 最不合适的

adv. 副词

1. 最后，终于，最终，终结
2. 上（一）次，最近（一次）
3. 最后一点，最后但同样重要的
4. 总起来说
5. 最新
6. 后来者先走
7. 最后雇用的人最先被解雇
8. 后来

n. 名词

1. 最后，末尾，最终，终于
2. 鞋楦（做鞋的模型）
3. 持久力
4. 精力
5. 拉
6. 临终，直到最后一刻，直至死亡
7. 最近的人
8. 上个
9. 上回
10. 最后来的人
11. 仅剩下的部份
12. 最后一次听见
13. 我最近听到的消息

英英释义

Noun:

1. the temporal end; the concluding time;

   "the stopping point of each round was signaled by a bell"
   "the market was up at the finish"
   "they were playing better at the close of the season"
   

2. the last or lowest in an ordering or series;

   "he was the last to leave"
   "he finished an inglorious last"
   

3. a person's dying act; the final thing a person can do;

   "he breathed his last"
   

4. the time at which life ends; continuing until dead;

   "she stayed until his death"
   "a struggle to the last"
   

5. a unit of weight equal to 4,000 pounds

6. a unit of capacity for grain equal to 80 bushels

7. the concluding parts of an event or occurrence;

   "the end was exciting"
   "I had to miss the last of the movie"
   

8. holding device shaped like a human foot that is used to fashion or repair shoes

Adjective:

1. immediately past;

   "last Thursday"
   "the last chapter we read"
   

2. coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining;

   "the last time I saw Paris"
   "the last day of the month"
   "had the last word"
   "waited until the last minute"
   "he raised his voice in a last supreme call"
   "the last game of the season"
   "down to his last nickel"
   

3. occurring at or forming an end or termination;

   "his concluding words came as a surprise"
   "the final chapter"
   "the last days of the dinosaurs"
   "terminal leave"
   

4. most unlikely or unsuitable;

   "the last person we would have suspected"
   "the last man they would have chosen for the job"
   

5. occurring at the time of death;

   "his last words"
   "the last rites"
   

6. conclusive in a process or progression;

   "the final answer"
   "a last resort"
   "the net result"
   

7. highest in extent or degree;

   "to the last measure of human endurance"
   "whether they were accomplices in the last degree or a lesser one was...to be determined individually"
   

8. not to be altered or undone;

   "the judge's decision is final"
   "the arbiter will have the last say"
   

9. lowest in rank or importance;

   "last prize"
   "in last place"
   

Adverb:

1. most_recently;

   "I saw him last in London"
   

2. the item at the end;

   "last, I'll discuss family values"
   

Verb:

1. persist for a specified period of time;

   "The bad weather lasted for three days"
   

2. continue to live through hardship or adversity;

   "We went without water and food for 3 days"
   "These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America"
   "The race car driver lived through several very serious accidents"
   "how long can a person last without food and water?"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. The hot weather lasted until September.
   炎热的天气持续到九月。
2. The wind is changing round, so the storm won't last long.
   风正在转向,因此暴风雨不会持续太长的时间。
3. Economically, one tin of oil will last at least three months.
   如果节省地用的,这罐油就会维持至少三个月。

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. I thought her last book was one of her best.
   我认为她最近出版的那本书是她的最佳著作之一。
2. I dreamt about flying last night.
   昨夜我梦见我在飞翔。
3. Why didn't you catch the last bus as I told you to?
   你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢?
4. For most teachers, punishment is the last resort.
   对大多数老师而言,体罚学生是最后的手段。

用作副词 (adv.)

1. He came last in the race.
   他赛跑落得了最后。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Her anger won't last.
   她不会生气太久。
2. These colors won't last if exposed to the sun.
   这些颜色如果暴露于阳光下,其色彩是不会维持多久的。
3. How long will the fine weather last?
   好天气能延续多久?
4. He'll be up soon and I can last.
   他马上就会上来,我可以撑得住。
5. She felt sure that their friendship would last.
   她确信他们的友谊会日久天长。
6. She asked the nurse how long her agony must last.
   她问护士,她的极端痛苦要延续多久。
7. With flexible exchange rates, however, the deficit can't last.
   但是在浮动汇率下,这种逆差不可能持久。
8. Books do not last forever.
   图书不能永远保存。

用作系动词

S+～+ n.

1. Our holidays are to last three weeks.
   我们有三个星期的假期。
2. The rain lasted quite a few days.
   雨一连下了好几天。
3. The actual operation lasted eight hours.
   实际手术进行了八个小时。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. They said that if these were used up, there would be enough of this new type of energy to last us forever.
   他们说如果这些燃料都用完,还会有丰富的原子能,足够我们永远使用。
2. This pen has lasted me since I was a child.
   这支笔我从小时起使用至今。
3. He could do so if he could last the war.
   如果能安然度过那场战争,他愿意那样做。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ n./pron. + pron./n.

1. This cake of soap will last you about several weeks.
   这块肥皂大约够你用几个星期。
2. A pack of cigarettes lasts him two days.
   一包香烟够他抽两天的。
3. Do you think this TV set will last you your life time?
   你认为这电视机能用一辈子吗?
4. This coat has lasted me five years.
   这件衣服我穿了五年。
5. A pound of tobacco only lasts him a fortnight.
   一磅烟丝只够他吸两个星期。

其他

v -ing as Attrib.

1. If the law of the jungle remains the order of the day, there will be no lasting peace.
   如果弱肉强食之道依然风行,那就不会有持久的和平。
2. He had a lasting interest in art.
   他对艺术的兴趣持久不衰。

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

～+ n.

1. They drank up the last of the wine.
   他们喝光了最后一滴酒。
2. I received your last letter in May.
   我收到你的最近来信是在五月份。
3. This is the last thing in labor-saving devices.
   这是最新式的节省劳力的装置。
4. He is the last man I want to see.
   他是我最不想见的人。
5. She is the last wife in the world for a farmer.
   她最不适宜作农夫的妻子。

用作名词 (n.)

1. These are the last of our apples.
   我们就剩下这么多苹果了。
2. He was the last to come.
   他是最后一个来的。
3. I didn't hear the last of his report.
   他的报告我没有听完。
4. I received your last.
   我收到了你最近的来信。

用作副词 (adv.)

1. When did you last see him?
   你最近什么时候见到过他?
2. He came last in the race.
   他在赛跑比赛中跑了最后一名。

经典引文

• We must have had a lot of wine because our lunch lasted long after everybody left.

  出自： L. Hellman

• A short sharp war, which would last perhaps six months.

  出自： H. Bailey

• Paul comes out last carrying an accordion.

  出自： E. O

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

last for (v.+prep.)

持续,维持 go on, remain
last for sth
The performance lasted for three hours.

表演持续了三小时。
Those shoes didn't last for a month, and I'm going to take them back to the shop.

这双鞋穿了不到一个月就坏了,我要把鞋退回商店。

last from (v.+prep.)

从…继续〔维持〕 continue from;endure from
last from sth to〔till〕 sth
The campaign lasted from June to October.

这次战役从6月进行到10月。
The demonstration lasted from dawn till dusk.

示威游行由黎明一直持续到天黑。

last out (v.+adv.)

经得起,活(一段时间) endure
last out
I think the car will just last out till we get to London.

我看这辆车只能凑合着开到伦敦。
Will the water supply last out through the summer?

储水量够整个夏天用吗? last out sth
The patient lasted out the attack of the disease.

病人经受住了这场疾病的发作。
Occasional food packages enabled him to last out the famine.

时而寄来的食品包裹使他能够渡过饥荒。
I don't think the old man can last out the winter.

我认为那个老人过不了冬天就会死去。
He's very ill, and probably won't last out the night.

他病得很重,很可能活不到天亮。

用作形容词 (adj.)

at one's last gasp

垂死挣扎,最后的拼搏making one's final effort or attempt before exhaustion or death

have the last word

最终决定,最后裁决make the final and decisive contribution to an argument, a dispute

in the 〔one's〕 last resort

最后的手段,最后的凭借when everything else has failed

the last lap

最后阶段final state of sth

the last minute〔moment〕

最后一刻the latest possible time before an important event

the last word

最新,最时髦most recent, fashionable

用作名词 (n.)

at (long) last

终于in the end

hear〔see〕 the last of

不必再与某人打交道;不必再考虑某人〔某物〕not have to deal with or think about sb/sth again

to〔till〕 the last

坚持到底,直到最后一刻consistently, until the last possible moment

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• last a few days (好天气)延续了几天
• last a war 熬过战争
• last all night 持续整整一夜
• last an hour 持续一小时

～+副词

• last forever 永存
• last long 持续很久
• last briefly 简短地维持
• last interminably 没完没了地持续
• last unconsciously 无意识地维持
• last unreasonably 不合理地持续
• last out 坚持,经得起,活(一段时间)

～+介词

• last about an hour 持续约一小时
• last for a couple of months (食物)够吃两个月
• last for an hour 持续一小时
• last for ten days 持续十天
• last from autumn to spring 从秋季持续到春季
• last from dawn till dark 从黎明一直持续到天黑
• last from one to three (会议)从一点开到三点
• last into September 持续到九月里
• last through the race 持续跑到终点
• last through the winter 持续整整一冬
• last throughout the year 持续整整一年
• last till the end of the month 持续到本月底
• last until September 持续到九月

用作形容词 (adj.)

～+名词

• the last chapter 最后一章
• the last hope 最后的希望
• the last hour 最后时刻
• the last importance 极端重要
• the last prize 末等奖
• the last thing 最不可能的事

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• drink up the last of wine 喝光最后一滴酒

介词+～

• the night before last 前天晚上

～+介词

• the last of apples 剩下的苹果
• the last of the visitor 最后一位客人

用作副词 (adv.)

动词+～

• come last 最后来
• see last 最近见到

词语用法

1. lastly的用法与firstly基本一致，但lastly常表示“末了”，可以在上文没有用到Firstly,Secondly,Thirdly等词时使用Lastly去表示最终要表述的点；
2. last一般用完成时有时也用过去完成时还与介词连用，如at；
3. last有最近过去的意思后可接week，month，Monday等，但不可以接morning等词，如last morning应用yesterday morning来表示；
4. at last的使用较at the last来的普遍，与其同义的短语有at long last和at the long last，只是它们的程度更深一点，有“虽然经过了长时期”的含义。要注意的是，这几种表达方式都表示时间，而不是“末了”。

   At (the) last, I have to repeat my advice.
   这样是不可以说的，应改At (the) last为Finally或Lastly。

5. last做动词时是持续的意思。

   The supply will last five days.
   存货将持续5天。

6. last Monday等表达方式可作状语短语，不需要在其前面加介词，如on或in。但是若将last Monday改成Monday last，就需要介词on。

   They arrived last Monday.
   They arrived on Monday last.

7. 事件，行为，产品通常与latest连用而不是last来表明新的或最近的，要注意这两个词的区别与联系；
8. last单用时，还可表示“last letter”，作最近的信解。

   As I said in my last, I am in good health.
   就如我在最近的信中提到的一样，我身体很好。

9. 用于表示“最后”时，一定要有三个或三个以上的人或物，才会出现其中一个是last。若是只有两个的话，就不可以用last来表示，如在A和B中，B是second或latter，绝不是last；
10. 与last所表示的“最后的”不同的是，latest表示“截至现在（或当时）为止最后的”，即“最近过去的”。

v. (动词)

1. last的基本意思是“持续”“耐久”。引申可表示“够…之用,使得以维持下去,经受住”等。
2. last常用作不及物动词,不接宾语,也不用于被动结构,通常由介词for引起的时间状语修饰,延续时间短时for可省略。
3. last的现在分词lasting可用作形容词,在句中作定语表示“持久的”。

n. (名词)

1. last用作名词时,其复数形式不变。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

last, take

• 这两个词都与持续时间有关。其区别是：
• last指某事持续一段时间或某东西够用,后面不一定要用时间短语;take指某人需要一段时间完成某事,后面必须接时间短语。例如:
• I hope this fine weather lasts.但愿这样的天气持续下去。
• I'll clear up, you take too long.我来整理,你花的时间太多了。

last, continue, go on, succeed

• 参见continue条。

last, persist, survive

• 这组词的共同含义是“持续存在”。其区别是：
• survive指继续生存,有时含有经历艰险之义; persist可以指人持续超过了预料的时间,也可以指坚持,还可指令人厌恶地持续; last专指继续存在,而这种存在并不是当然的,往往附有表明时间长短的状语。

adj. (形容词)

last, final

• 这两个词都有“最后的”意思,常可互换使用。例如:
• I will think the matter over and give you a final〔last〕 answer.我考虑一下这个问题,然后给你一个答复。
• 它们之间的区别是:在语义上, final较last强, final强调最终结局,含有某事物已彻底完成,不容更改,也不可能有后继者之意; last仅仅是陈述事实,即连续顺序中的最后一个,并不一定是最终。另外, last一般要加定冠词the。试比较:
• Although many people opposed his plan, he engineered it through to final approval.
• 虽然许多人反对他的计划,他仍能设 法使它最后获得通过。
• December is the last month of the year.
• 12月是一年的最后一个月。

n. (名词)

at last, finally, in the end

• 这三者都可表示“最后”。其区别在于:
• 1.in the end的意思是经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况之后,某事才发生。例如:
• We made eight different plans for our holiday, but in the end we went to Harbin again .我们定了八种不同的度假方案,但是最后我们又一次去了哈尔滨。
• 2.at last指一个动作从发生一直延续到结束,意思是“终于”。例如:
• In spite of every obstacle, we arrived at last.冲破种种障碍,我们终于到达了。
• Her wish to be a doctor has come true at last.她想做一个医生的愿望终于实现了。
• She felt joyful at the prospect of seeing him at last.她为终将看到他而感到欣喜。
• 3.finally在列举事物时可以用来引出最后一项内容,或者是直接放在动词之前, in the end和at last则不能。例如:
• We need to increase productivity.We need to reduce unemployment.And finally, we need to make our exports competitive on world market.我们需要提高生产力,我们需 要降低失业率; 最后我们还需要使我们的出口商品在国际市场上具有竞争力。
• They finally cracked the defence and scored a goal.他们终于突破了防守,射进一球。
• 4.finally在主观上有“等了好久才…”的含义。例如:
• After toying it three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Greece.经过三次延期之后,我们终于在希腊度了一次假。
• What by policy and (what by) force they finally liberated that town.部分用策略,部分用武力,他们终于解放了那个城镇。
• 5.at last也在主观上有“等了好久才…”的含义,但语气上比finally强得多,且at last也可以作感叹语。例如:
• When at last they found him, he was almost dead.当人们终于找到他时,他快死了。
• At last!Where the hell have you been?总算找到你了!你到底上哪去了?

last，latest

• 这两个词都是late的最高级。用作形容词时，last 在意义上和latest有点相近，实际上，它们的涵义和使用场合是不一样的。
• last指连续顺序中的最后一个，一般译作“最后的”，有时译为“上一次的”或“过去的”。last的对语是first.
• latest表示时间上的“最近”，一般译作“最近的”、“最新的”或“最晚的”。latest的对语是earliest.

persist，last，endure，continue

• 这些动词均含有“持续”之意。
• persist强调超过了指定的或正常的时间。
• last着重存在的时间相当长，超过正常的或所期望的时间。
• endure与last同义，但还指经受住，有能耐忍受而并不受损。
• continue多指过程，强调持续而无终止，常含不间断之意。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 好天气只延续了几天。

   误 The fine weather was lasted only a few days.

   正 The fine weather lasted only a few days.

   析 last作“延续”“持续”解时,是不及物动词,不用于被动结构。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的istan，意为继续，经受。

近反义词

【近义词】

• continue
• endure
• remain
• take
• final
• latest

【反义词】

• beginning
• first

派生词

adv.(副词)

• lastly adv. (列举时)最后；最后一点‖lasting adj. 持久的；恒久的