dust

英 [dʌst] 美 [dʌst]

• n. 灰尘；尘土；粉尘
• vt. 去掉 ... 的灰尘；撒粉末于
• vi. 除尘

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U]灰尘,尘土,尘埃

   fine dry powder consisting of particles of earth, dirt, etc.

2. [U]遗骸

   remains of a dead person

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 拂(一拂),掸(一掸)

   clear of dust by wiping, clear furniture, etc. of dust

2. vt. 撒(粉)于

   cover with dust or fine powder

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 粉末
2. 灰尘，尘土，尘埃，土，尘
3. 遗骸，尸体
4. 垃圾，废品
5. 金粉
6. <英>灰烬
7. 屈辱
8. 一文不值的东西
9. 花粉
10. 粉剂
11. 人体，人
12. 地面

v. 动词

1. 使布满灰尘，把...弄得满是灰尘，扬起灰尘
2. 喷撒农药
3. 掸掉灰尘，掸（灰），拂去灰尘
4. 打扫（灰尘） ，扫除灰尘
5. 变得灰扑扑
6. 用沙土洗澡，用尘土洗澡，浴于尘土中
7. 在...上撒粉，把（粉末）撒于
8. 使成为灰尘
9. 擦去，刷去，掸去，扫去
10. 撒（粉），用粉末撒
11. 弄成粉末
12. 拂，掸，撢
13. 杀死某人（黑社会用语）
14. 离开，起程

英英释义

Noun:

1. fine powdery material such as dry earth or pollen that can be blown about in the air;

   "the furniture was covered with dust"
   

2. the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up

3. free microscopic particles of solid material;

   "astronomers say that the empty space between planets actually contains measurable amounts of dust"
   

Verb:

1. remove the dust from;

   "dust the cabinets"
   

2. rub the dust over a surface so as to blur the outlines of a shape;

   "The artist dusted the charcoal drawing down to a faint image"
   

3. cover with a light dusting of a substance;

   "dust the bread with flour"
   

4. distribute loosely;

   "He scattered gun powder under the wagon"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The mirror is covered with a film of dust.
   镜子蒙上了一层灰尘。
2. A thick layer of dust lay on the furniture.
   家具上覆盖着一层厚厚的灰尘。
3. The truck left clouds of dust in its wake.
   车后扬起了一阵尘土。
4. She knocks the dust out of her coat.
   她打掉外套上的尘土。
5. The amount of the industrial dust is rather large.
   工业粉尘排放量很大。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. I used a piece of rag to dust the wooden furniture.
   我用一块抹布擦拭木制家具上的灰尘。
2. Mum dusted the pan with flour.
   妈妈在平地锅上撒了些面粉。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. It's dusty so we have to dust every day.
   灰尘多,所以我们必须每天掸灰除尘。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. What a dust!
   好大的尘灰啊!
2. The speeding car on the dirt road raised a great dust.
   土道上飞驰的汽车扬起一大阵尘土。
3. The air was full of dust after the cars passed.
   汽车过后,空中尘土飞扬。
4. The best way to lay the dust is to damp the floor down, and then rub it all over with a piece of cloth.
   不使尘土飞扬的最好方法就是把地板润湿一下,随后用布擦一遍。
5. Her eyes were watering from dust.
   她的双眼进了灰尘正在流泪。
6. His clothes were covered with dust.
   他的衣服上落满了尘埃。
7. The girl washed the dust off the table.
   那女孩洗掉了桌上的灰尘。
8. A great cloud of dust boiled up past the windows.
   一大团尘土旋动着在窗前经过。
9. Rain turns dust into mud.
   雨水把尘土变成了泥浆。
10. She married for love and the love turned to dust.
    她是为了爱情结婚的,但爱情却化成了烟尘。
11. The most wildly romantic adventures all turned into dust and ashes.
    那些最为神奇浪漫的冒险事业都已烟消云散。
12. Ashes to ashes and dust to dust, if God won't have him the Devil must.
    愿尘埃之身,仍归尘埃,天堂如不接纳,地狱必予以容留。
13. The ancient empire was crushed and humbled to the dust.
    那老大帝国被打得落花流水,威望扫地。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. She dusts every day.
   她每天都擦拭灰尘。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Dust your hat.
   拂去你帽子上的灰尘。
2. Please dust all the books on the bottom shelf.
   请把底层的书掸一掸。
3. He dusted the books as he took them from the shelf.
   他从书架上拿下书时,掸了掸灰尘。
4. She dusts furniture every day.
   她每天掸拂家具。
5. He dusted all the furniture and then polished it.
   他给所有的家具掸去灰尘,然后把它们擦亮。
6. She dusted the TV set carefully.
   她小心翼翼地为电视机拭去灰尘。
7. She dusted the radio lightly.
   她轻轻地为收音机拭去灰尘。
8. Dust the crumbs from your lap.
   掸掉你腿上的面包屑。
9. The airplane dusted an insecticide on the crops.
   飞机给庄稼洒农药。
10. The cook dusted the cake with sugar.
    厨师在蛋糕上撒上糖。
11. The nurse dusted powder over the baby.
    保育员把爽身粉撒在婴儿身上。
12. She put on lipstick and dusted her face with powder.
    她涂上口红,在脸上抹了粉。

经典引文

• There wasn't one chip, one scratch, one speck of dust anywhere.

  出自： J. Braine

• The peppering of red road dust on the old man's hat.

  出自： E. Welty

• Drought had..dried the soil to a fine grey dust, that now rose up on every wind.

  出自： U. Le Guin

• We go out..and dust our feet along its thoroughfares.

  出自： J. A. Froude

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

bite the dust

被打败,被拒绝 be defeated or rejected

kick up〔raise〕 a dust

引起骚乱 make a dust

like gold dust

极其罕见 extremely rare

not see sb for dust

跑得连影子也看不到 be unable to see sb because he〔she〕 has left in a hurry

shake the dust off one's feet

离开厌恶之处,但愿不再返回 leave a place one does not like, hoping not to return

throw dust in sb's eyes

迷惑某人,蒙蔽某人 prevent sb from seeing the truth by misleading him

when the dust has settled

烟消云散,疑云散尽,愁云散尽 when the present uncertainty, unpleasantness, etc. is over

用作动词 (v.)

dust down (v.+adv.)

把灰尘掸掉(或刷掉) make dust off
dust oneself/sth ⇔ down
Dust yourself down.

把你身上的土掸净。
She stood up and dusted herself down.

她站起身来,掸去身上的灰尘。
They dusted down the whole house before they started decorating.

在开始装饰之前,他们把整幢房子打扫了一遍。

dust off (v.+adv.)

迅速离开 leave rapidly
dust sb/sth ⇔ off
Dust yourself off.

把你身上的土掸净。 dust sth ⇔ off
Four years after he graduated from school,Tom decided to dust off his algebra books.

毕业4年后,汤姆决定重温搁置已久的代数书。 dust off
She dusted off faster than a wind.

她飞快地跑开了。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• collect dust 积累灰尘
• drive the dust 消除灰尘
• gather dust 积累灰尘
• kick up a dust 扬起灰尘
• make a dust 扬起灰尘
• raise dust 扬起尘埃,引起骚动
• remove dust 除去灰尘
• sweep up dust 扫除灰尘
• bite the dust 战死,负伤,失败
• eat dust 含垢忍辱
• kiss the dust 被制服,被杀死,卑躬屈膝
• lie in the dust 成为废墟,战死
• make the dust fly 干得卖力,动得迅速
• throw dust in sb's eyes 蒙蔽某人,迷惑某人

形容词+～

• fine dust 细末
• thick dust 厚厚的尘土

名词+～

• coal dust 煤粉
• gold dust 金粉末

介词+～

• from dust to dust 从生到死,人生一世
• a cloud of dust 一片尘雾

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• dust a cap 掸一掸帽子
• dust a room 打扫房间

～+副词

• dust animatedly 用力地掸
• dust carefully 小心翼翼地掸
• dust furiously 生气地掸
• dust industriously 勤掸
• dust lightly 轻轻地掸
• dust listlessly 无力地掸
• dust vigorously 有力地掸

～+介词

• dust the snow from one's overcoat 掸掉大衣上的雪花
• dust fertilizer on plants 给植物施粉末状肥料
• dust sugar over a cake 在糕饼上撒糖
• dust the plants with insecticide 在作物上撒上杀虫药
• dust a cake with sugar 在糕饼上撒糖

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. dust的基本意思指粉末状干土,即“尘土”“尘埃”。引申指“烟尘般的虚无”“尘土般的卑贱”“尘垢般的屈辱”。

v. (动词)

1. dust用作动词意思是“掸去灰尘”。后接粉状物质时,还可表示“把…撒在…上”。
2. dust用作及物动词时,接名词、代词作宾语。

词义辨析

clean，clear，sweep，dust，mop，wipe，scrub

• 这些动词均有“使干净”之意。
• clean是这些动词中最常用的词，指将某物或某处的污物等清除掉，弄干净。
• clear指清除不要的东西。
• sweep指用扫帚等进行清扫，也用作比喻。
• dust指将积落在物体表面的尘土抹去、掸掉或擦去以保干净。
• mop侧重指用拖把擦洗地板，有时也指擦干净或擦去。
• wipe多指用布、纸等物把东西擦净，也指擦掉某物。
• scrub指用硬刷、肥皂或水用力地擦洗某物。

词源解说

• ☆ 13世纪进入英语，直接源自古英语的dust，意为灰尘，尘土。

近反义词

【近义词】

• powder 粉末
• clean 干净的
• sprinkle 洒
• wipe 擦
• dirt 污垢
• scatter 散播
• clean up 收拾干净
• wipe down 彻底擦
• wipe up 擦净
• cover 封面
• sift 筛下
• dredge 用挖泥机疏浚...
• sand 沙
• earth 地球
• soil 土地
• filth 污秽
• grime 污垢
• flour 面粉
• feather 羽毛
• corpse 尸体
• off 表示状态的关闭或离开...
• wipe off 擦掉(除去
• fine powder 细粉
• fine 好的
• detritus 碎石
• rubble 瓦砾
• debris 碎片
• disperse 分散
• junk 垃圾
• dot 少量
• scrub 用力擦洗
• sweep 打扫
• mop 拖把
• clear 清楚的