derive

英 [dɪ'raɪv] 美 [dɪ'raɪv]

• v. 获取；得自；起源

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 得到

   obtain

2. vt. & vi. 源于

   take as a starting-point, source or origin

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 得到，取得，撷取，收取，获得
2. 衍生，衍生出，引申出，派生出来
3. 推断，推知，推论，推究
4. 由…而来，追寻起源，从…衍生出
5. 【数】导出
6. 提取
7. 起源于，来自

英英释义

Verb:

1. reason by deduction; establish by deduction

2. obtain;

   "derive pleasure from one's garden"
   

3. come from;

   "The present name derives from an older form"
   

4. develop or evolve from a latent or potential state

5. come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example;

   "She was descended from an old Italian noble family"
   "he comes from humble origins"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. We shall derive much benefit from reading good novels.
   我们将从优秀小说中获得很大好处。
2. We derive our sustenance from the land.
   我们从土地获取食物。
3. One kind of vacation is camping, from which many Americans derive pleasure and benefit.
   露营是一种度假方式，许多美国人从中得到乐趣，受益匪浅。
4. If we start some a year earlier, we shall derive the benefits a year earlier.
   我们如果早开始一年,我们可以早得利一年
5. The two attitudes derive from different historical perspectives.
   这两种态度产生于不同的历史观点。

经典引文

• By my mother I derived am from Lionel Duke of Clarence.

  出自：1 Henry VI , Shakespeare

• Stevie did not seem to derive any personal gratification from what he had done.

  出自： J. Conrad

• If they could derive advantage from betraying you, betray you they would.

  出自： R. Macaulay

• Tambo and Bones..played the instruments from which their names are derived.

  出自： J. Barth

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

derive from (v.+prep.)

由…起源 take as a starting-point, source or origin from
derive from sth
The word derives from French.

这个词来自法语。
English derives in the main from the common Germanic stock.

英语主要源于日耳曼语系。
His popularity derives from his easiness.

他讨人喜欢是由于他为人随和。 derive sth from sb/sth/v-ing
We can derive great pleasure from our studies.

我们可以从读书研究中获得极大的乐趣。
He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.

他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。
A scholar derives knowledge from reading.

学者读书获得知识。
Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek.

英语很多词源自于拉丁文和希腊文。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• derive knowledge 获得知识
• derive pleasure 获得乐趣

～+副词

• derive corruptly 败坏源于
• derive essentially 基本起源于
• derive primarily 最初源于
• derive recently 最近源于
• derive theoretically 理论源于
• derive ultimately 最终源于

～+介词

• derive from the common Germanic stock 源于日耳曼语系
• derive from one's easiness 源于为人随和
• derive from English 源于英语
• derive from one's popularity 源于讨人喜欢
• derive from the studies 源于读书研究

词语用法

1. derive from指“起源于”，可以用被动形式表达，也可以用主动形式表达。

   This idiom is derived from an ancient custom.
   This idiom derives from an ancient custom.

v. (动词)

1. derive的基本意思是“起源”,强调事先就存在于另一种形式、另一人或一事物之中而承袭下来。承袭的方式多种多样,如遗传、转让、捐赠、继承、推理等。引申可表示“获得”“取得”,指主动的从某处得到某物,为正式用语。
2. derive不论是用作不及物动词,还是用作及物动词,都与介词from搭配使用,表示“从…得到或派生”。
3. derive作“取得”“获得”解时,可接乐趣、利益、知识等抽象名词作宾语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

derive, arise, emanate, originate, proceed, spring, stem

• 这组词均可表示“出现”,其区别在于：
• 1.spring强调经过一段时间或准备后突然出现。
• 2.arise强调产生的事实,暗示从无到有,也指某事物导致的结果。例如:
• I think there's a storm arising gradually.我看风暴即将来临。
• There's trouble arising gradually at the meeting.会上一场纠纷正在酿成。
• 3.originate指来源于特定的根源或起点。例如:
• All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.任何理论都来源于实践,反过来为实践服务。
• The style of architecture originated with the ancient Greek.这种建筑风格起源于古希腊。
• 4.derive指由另一形式的事物衍生而出或者从另一些人处取得。例如:
• The word derives from French.这个词来自法语。
• English derives in the main from the common Germanic stock.英语主要源于日耳曼语族。
• 5.emanate指从一事物转变为另一事物。例如:
• Can we emanate to the next question?我们能转入下一个问题吗?
• 6.proceed指自某处发出或产生,强调根源或原因。例如:
• His mistake proceeded from his ignorance of it.他的错误是出于他对那件事的无知。
• Wrong opinions often proceed from lack of information.错误的看法往往产生于不了解情况。
• 7.stem指合乎自然规律地产生,也指在某人或某事物的影响下产生或从属于某人或某物发展。例如:
• We can stem great pleasure from our studies.我们可以从读书研究中获得极大的乐趣。
• He stemmed his enthusiasm for literature from his father.他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。

derive, get

• 这两个词的共同意思是“获得”“取得”。其区别在于:
• 1.get常用于口语中,可接人、物,也可接抽象事物作宾语,可以主动占有,也可以是被动消极地领受。
• 2.derive为正式用语,接乐趣、利益、知识等抽象名词作宾语,指主动的从某处获得、取得,常与from搭配使用。例如:
• His popularity derives from his easiness.他讨人喜欢是由于他为人随和。
• We can derive great pleasure from our studies.我们可以从读书研究中获得极大的乐趣。

derive, trace

• 这组词的共同意思是“追溯”。其区别是：
• trace表示“追迹,探溯”,含有一步一步追寻的意思,常用于野兽的足迹、古城的遗迹、河源、姓氏不明的著作、谣言的来源等; 而derive表示“推出,溯源”,含有较直接的意味,如由水流溯出源泉,由前提推出结论,由一字推出其他等。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的deriver；最初源自古典拉丁语的derivare，意为引导，取回。

近反义词

【近义词】

• get 得到
• obtain 获得
• receive 接到
• originate 发起
• gain 获得
• stem 柄
• descend 下降
• acquire 获得
• secure 安全的
• spring 春天
• arise 出现
• come from 来自
• grow 增加
• draw on 穿上
• draw 拖
• take 拿
• infer 推断
• extract 摘录
• rise 上升
• come 来
• educe 演绎
• deduce 演绎
• deduct 扣除