consume

英 [kən'sjuːm] 美 [kən'suːm]

• v. 消耗；吃喝；毁灭

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 消耗; 消费; 耗尽

   use up

2. vt. 大吃,大喝

   eat or drink, especially eagerly or in large amounts

3. vt. 烧毁,毁灭

   destroy

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 用掉
2. 消灭
3. 消耗
4. 消费
5. 浪费
6. 用完
7. 毁灭
8. 烧光
9. 消尽
10. 消磨
11. 耗尽
12. 烧毁
13. 吃完
14. 喝光
15. 使全神贯注
16. 使着迷
17. 使憔悴
18. 充满
19. 耗尽生命
20. 耗费
21. 吃
22. 喝
23. 饮
24. 使充满（强烈的感情）
25. 大吃
26. 大喝
27. 滥用
28. 憔悴而死
29. 枯萎
30. 消亡
31. 花费
32. 挥霍
33. 乱花

英英释义

Verb:

1. eat immoderately;

   "Some people can down a pound of meat in the course of one meal"
   

2. serve oneself to, or consume regularly;

   "Have another bowl of chicken soup!"
   "I don't take sugar in my coffee"
   

3. spend extravagantly;

   "waste not, want not"
   

4. destroy completely;

   "The fire consumed the building"
   

5. use up (resources or materials);

   "this car consumes a lot of gas"
   "We exhausted our savings"
   "They run through 20 bottles of wine a week"
   

6. engage fully;

   "The effort to pass the exam consumed all his energy"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. His old car consumed much gasoline.
   他的旧汽车耗油很多。
2. Each year Americans consume a high percentage of the world's energy.
   每年美国人都消耗掉世界能源的很大比例
3. I'm sure that Chinese people consume the largest amount of rice in the world.
   我敢肯定,世界上中国人吃掉的大米最多。
4. I saw the flames consuming the whole building.
   我看见火焰吞噬了整栋建筑物。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The children consumed all the hamburgers.
   孩子们把汉堡全部吃完了。
2. Arguing about details consumed many hours of the committee's valuable time.
   争论细节问题花费了委员会数小时宝贵的时间。
3. The fire soon consumed the wooden buildings.
   大火很快就把那些木制建筑物烧毁了。

经典引文

• He was consumed with wonder at her presence.

  出自： Scott Fitzgerald

• His career..would be his consuming interest for many years.

  出自： E. Caldwell

• I was consumed by a passion that I've recently been able to diagnose as ambition.

  出自： D. Caute

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

consume away( v.+adv. )

毁掉,毁灭 destroy
consume sth ⇔ away
The fire had consumed half the forest away before it was stopped.

大火在熄灭之前毁掉了树林的一半。

consume with( v.+prep. )

为(某种思想)而不断受折磨 fill the thoughts or feelings of continuously, especially in a damaging way
be consumed with sth
She was consumed with guilt.

她深感内疚。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• consume all the hamburgers 吃光所有的汉堡
• consume the whole city 吞噬整个城市
• consume time 消耗时间

～+副词

• consume away 烧毁,毁灭

～+介词

• be consumed with 为(某种思想)而不断受折磨

词义辨析

v. (动词)

consume, devour, eat, ingest, swallow

• 这几个词的共同意思是“吃”。其区别在于:eat最常用,指放入口中经过咀嚼再吞咽下去的过程,对人或物都适用,引申指缓慢地逐渐腐蚀或消磨过程; consume指吃完全部食物或喝光所有饮料,引申指消耗光所有的物质、金钱等; devour强调狼吞虎咽地吃,引申指吞灭或毁灭; ingest是生理学用语,指咽下或吸收的过程; swallow指不经过充分咀嚼就囫囵吞入肚中,强调匆忙。例如:
• The termites have eaten deep into the wood.白蚁已经把木头蛀得很深了。
• The fire soon consumed the wooden building.大火不久就烧毁了这座木头建筑物。
• He was devoured by hate.他满腔怨恨。
• Twelve workers have ingested radioactive substances well above the permitted maximum.12名工人摄入体内的放射性物质已大大超过最大限度。
• This drug can't be swallowed; it has to be injected.这药不能吞服,只能注射。

consume, dissipate, fritter, squander, waste

• 这组词都有“浪费”的意思。其区别是：
• waste指任意地挥霍,通常是花费而不见成果; squander的意思比waste强,强调胡乱花费,含有花光而导致贫困的意思; dissipate指因奢侈而丧失东西,犹如随风撒东西一样,强调将存有的东西用光或几乎用光; fritter常和away连用,指一点一点地花费,或花费在不重要的东西上,含有逐渐用光的意思; consume强调吞食或毁坏,但也可指完全浪费或挥霍掉,用于金钱或财产时,指频繁地减少,偶尔用于时间或精力时,指无益地花费。例如:
• The council has been squandering the ratepayers' money.市议会一直在挥霍房地产纳税人的金钱。
• He dissipated his large fortune in a few years of heavy spending.他在几年的大肆挥霍中把自己一大笔财产都花光了。
• She fritters away all her money on clothes and trips to the cinema.她把所有金钱都浪费在穿衣服和看电影上了。
• The fire soon consumed the wooden buildings.大火很快就把那些木制建筑物吞没了。

词源解说

• ☆ 14世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古典拉丁语的consumere：come (加调作用） + sumere (拿），意为大肆地买。

近反义词

【近义词】

• eat 吃
• spend 预算
• destroy 破坏
• devour 吞食
• drink 喝
• expend 花费
• use up 用完
• use 使用
• waste 废物
• exhaust 使筋疲力尽
• put away 收拾
• munch 大声咀嚼
• chomp 大声地咀嚼
• utilize <美>利用或使用...
• annihilate 消灭
• burn up 烧起来
• incinerate 焚化(废物)
• burn down 烧成平地
• raze 夷为平地
• prey 牺牲者
• eat up 吃光
• drink up 喝完
• up 向上
• ingest 咽下
• deplete 耗尽
• swallow 燕子
• take in 接受
• take 拿
• go through 经历
• have 已经
• down 向下
• wipe out 消灭
• squander 浪费
• run through 跑着穿过
• ware 制品

【反义词】

• produce 生产
• abstain 戒绝