gauge

英 [ɡeɪdʒ] 美 [ɡeɪdʒ]

• n. 测量仪器；测量标准；（铁道的）轨距；（钢丝等的）直径；（枪管的）口径
• v. 估计；判断；测量

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]厚度,直径

   the thickness of wire or certain metal objects, or the width of the barrel of a gun

2. [C]测量仪表

   instrument for measuring the amount or level of sth

3. [C]规格,尺度

   a standard measure of weight, size, etc., to objects can be compared

v. (动词)

1. vt. 计量,度量

   measure by means of a gauge

2. vt. 估计,判断

   make a judgment about

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 厚度
2. 轨距，轮距
3. 直径，口径
4. 容量
5. 范围
6. 测量仪器，计量器
7. 估计方法
8. 标准
9. 规格，标准尺寸，标准规格
10. 规，表，计
11. 大小，程度
12. 【航海学】(船只对风或其他船只的)相对位置，船(对于风及其他船)的关系位置的估计
13. 【建筑】(铺于屋顶上的石板瓦、木瓦、瓦等的)露出部分，葺脚
14. 【印】规矩，测规
15. (木工用的)墨线戽

v. 动词

1. 估计，估价，估算，判断
2. 量，测，测出，测量，计量
3. 给…定规格，使成标准尺寸
4. 使合标准
5. 校准，调整，修正
6. 确定，测定，判定，精确计量
7. 凿或琢磨使其成预期的形状
8. 划分，区分；描绘轮廓

英英释义

Noun:

1. a measuring instrument for measuring and indicating a quantity such as the thickness of wire or the amount of rain etc.

2. accepted or approved instance or example of a quantity or quality against which others are judged or measured or compared

3. the distance between the rails of a railway or between the wheels of a train

4. the thickness of wire

5. diameter of a tube or gun barrel

Verb:

1. judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time);

   "I estimate this chicken to weigh three pounds"
   

2. rub to a uniform size;

   "gauge bricks"
   

3. determine the capacity, volume, or contents of by measurement and calculation;

   "gauge the wine barrels"
   

4. measure precisely and against a standard;

   "the wire is gauged"
   

5. adapt to a specified measurement;

   "gauge the instruments"
   

6. mix in specific proportions;

   "gauge plaster"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The fuel gauges dropped swiftly.
   燃料表指针迅速下降。
2. What gauge of wire should we use for this job?
   我们干这活应该用多大号的铅丝?
3. This is a narrow-gauge railway.
   这是一条窄轨铁路。
4. We must gauge the diameter of wire first.
   我们必须先测量电线的直径。
5. The gauge of the barrel was about 2 inches wide.
   枪管的内径大约为2英寸宽。

用作动词 (v.)

1. It was difficult to gauge how people would respond.
   大家的反应如何难以估计。
2. I'll try to put out some feelers to gauge people's reactions to our proposal.
   我想试探一下，看看人们对我们建议的反应。
3. We must gauge the diameter of wire first.
   我们必须先测量电线的直径。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. What gauge of wire should we use for this job?
   我们干这活应该用多大号的铁丝?
2. The fuel gauges dropped swiftly.
   燃料表指针迅速下降。
3. What gauge of wire do you require?
   你需要什么规格的电线?
4. Is a person's behavior under stress a reliable gauge of his character?
   人在受到压力时的行为能作其品性的可靠尺度吗?

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The device can gauge the speed.
   这种装置可以计量速度。
2. A thermometer gauges the temperature.
   温度计可测量温度。
3. It's difficult to gauge one's character.
   要判断一个人的品格是很困难的。

S+～+that/wh-clause

1. I gauged that it was not a good moment to speak to her.
   我认为那不是跟她说话的时机。
2. Can you gauge what her reaction is likely to be?
   你能揣测她的反应可能是什么吗?

经典引文

• His intellect..was much above the low gauge which people used to assign to it.

  出自： A. W. Kinglake

• He gauged yses depnesse of the dyche with a speare.

  出自： Ld Berners

• I have gauged..the river..and obtained..the quantity of water in cubic feet per day.

  出自： John Phillips

• The copper-tin alloy was not always accurately gauged.

  出自： P. Warner

• Productivity is gaged by output per manhour.

  出自：Industry Week

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• take the gauge of 估计,衡量

形容词+～

• broad 〔wide〕gauge 宽轨距
• internal gauge 内径规
• narrow gauge 窄轨距
• standard gauge 标准轨距

名词+～

• angle gauge 角规
• fuel gauge 油位表
• gas gauge 气量计
• level gauge 水准仪
• pressure gauge 压力计,气压计
• rain gauge 雨量器
• water gauge 水位表
• wind gauge 风速计

～+介词

• a gauge for measuring 度量器

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• gauge one's character 判断某人的品格
• gauge the height〔temperature〕 测量高度〔温度〕
• gauge the speed 计量速度

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. gauge用作名词的基本意思是“厚度,宽度,直径”“轨距”,也可指“测量仪表,量规”,如雨量计、钢丝直径测量仪等,还可指“规格,尺度”,引申可表示用以估计或判断的标准或事实。
2. gauge在美式英语中又作gage。

词义辨析

standard，criterion，measure，gauge

• 这些名词均含“标准”之意。
• standard指公认为决定事物质量或人的品质的准则或原则。
• criterion较正式用词，指判断、批评事物的标准，但不一定制成了规章。
• measure与standard基本同义，但多用于比喻，指衡量某事物的质量准则。
• gauge专指测量物体大小、厚度、直径等的标准规格。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪中期进入英语，直接源自盎格鲁法语的gauge；最初源自古法国北方语的gauger，意为固定的测量标准。

近反义词

【近义词】

• estimate 估价
• measure 措施
• judge 法官
• assess 评定
• appraise 评价
• weigh 衡量
• rate 比率
• meter 公尺
• scale 刻度
• evaluate 评价
• guess 推测
• device 装置
• criterion 标准
• instrument 仪器
• measurement 测量，测量法...
• assessment 评价
• test 考验
• yardstick 码尺
• survey 问卷
• determine 决定
• calculate 计算
• breadth 宽度
• fathom 英寻（=6英尺)...
• extent 广度
• expanse 宽阔的区域
• up 向上
• size 大小
• size up 估量
• standard 标准
• rank 等级
• gage 抵押品
• bore 使厌烦
• caliber 才干
• approximate 近似的
• calibre (枪等)口径