eat

英 [iːt] 美 [iːt]

• v. 吃；吃饭；喝

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 吃,喝; 吃饭

   take in through the mouth and swallow solid food or soup; have a meal

2. vt. 消耗,毁坏; 侵蚀,腐蚀,蛀蚀

   damage or destroy sth; use up, damage, or destroy

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 吃（饭），喝（汤）
2. 腐蚀，侵蚀，销蚀
3. 毁坏，逐渐破坏
4. 耗费，耗完，消磨，损耗，消耗
5. 蛀，蛀坏，蛀蚀
6. 吃起来有...的味道
7. <口>使烦恼，使不安
8. 进食，用膳，用餐
9. 横加指责，尖锐批评，严厉惩罚
10. 完全战胜某人，大败某人
11. 比…还好
12. <主英>吃食
13. 吃完，吃光
14. 吞食掉，吞噬，吞没
15. 吃成某种状况，吃得

n. 名词

1. 期望到达时间，预计时间

英英释义

Verb:

1. take in solid food;

   "She was eating a banana"
   "What did you eat for dinner last night?"
   

2. eat a meal; take a meal;

   "We did not eat until 10 P.M. because there were so many phone calls"
   "I didn't eat yet, so I gladly accept your invitation"
   

3. take in food; used of animals only;

   "This dog doesn't eat certain kinds of meat"
   "What do whales eat?"
   

4. worry or cause anxiety in a persistent way;

   "What's eating you?"
   

5. use up (resources or materials);

   "this car consumes a lot of gas"
   "We exhausted our savings"
   "They run through 20 bottles of wine a week"
   

6. cause to deteriorate due to the action of water, air, or an acid;

   "The acid corroded the metal"
   "The steady dripping of water rusted the metal stopper in the sink"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. I often eat oatmeal as breakfast.
   我经常吃燕麦粥当早饭。
2. Do you always eat lunch at school?
   你总是在学校吃午饭吗？
3. If you eat too much chocolate you'll get fat.
   吃巧克力太多会发胖。
4. The Chinese eat with chopsticks.
   中国人用筷子吃饭。
5. They usually eat out on Sundays.
   星期天他们通常上馆子吃饭。
6. Do you like to eat vegetable soup?
   你喜爱喝清菜汤吗?

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. He was too ill to eat.
   他病重得不能吃东西。
2. When do we eat?
   我们什么时候吃饭?
3. We have eaten already.
   我们已经吃过了。
4. Don't eat so quickly.
   不要吃这么快。
5. We eat at noon.
   我们中午进餐。
6. I will eat at home.
   我愿在家吃饭。

用作系动词

S+～+ adj.

1. Sugar canes eat sweet.
   甘蔗吃起来很甜。
2. Crackers alone eat very dry.
   光吃饼干口很干。
3. It eats crisp.
   这东西吃上去松脆。
4. This fish eats well.
   这鱼好吃。

S+～+to- v

1. We eat to live, not live to eat.
   我们吃饭是为了活着,而不是活着为了吃饭。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. What shall we eat?
   我们该吃什么?
2. She never eats fat.
   她从不吃肥肉。
3. We challenged his statement, and before long had him eat his words.
   我们盘问他讲的事情,不久就逼得他认错道歉。
4. Time eats the strongest walls.
   年代久远很坚固的墙垣也要坏。
5. An old car eats oil.
   旧车费油。
6. Harvesting machines are eating their way well into many fields, in spite of the wet weather.
   虽然天下着雨,收割机还是在田间割了一片一片的庄稼。
7. The Sunday Times would absolutely eat this clap.
   《星期日泰晤士报》肯定为这家伙喝彩。
8. She doesn't eat potatoes.
   她不吃土豆。
9. He ate a piece of pear.
   他吃了一片梨。
10. She had never eaten Chinese food before.
    她以前未吃过中国食品。
11. What do you usually eat for lunch?
    你午饭通常吃什么?
12. He eats a big supper.
    他晚饭吃得很多。
13. Tigers eat meat.
    老虎吃肉。
14. She seldom eats her words.
    她很少认错道歉。
15. He said no one could beat him at tennis but he had to eat his words after losing twice.
    他说打网球没人能胜过他,但是输了两场以后,他不得不收回了他的话。
1
16. All the cakes were eaten by the boys.
    所有的蛋糕都被孩子们吃了。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. + adj.

1. I made a fierce countenance as if I would eat him alive.
   我脸色恶狠狠地,仿佛要把他活生生地吞下去。
2. Don't eat the rice cold.
   别吃凉饭。
3. John and Mary ate their dinner cold.
   约翰和玛丽吃到饭菜都凉了。
4. They usually ate the herb raw.
   他们经常吃未煮过的药草。

经典引文

• On the table were eats the like of which..have never been seen on this isle.

  出自： J. P. Donleavy

• He eat the insides of a clock and died after.

  出自： J. M. Synge

• Some caterpillars have made themselves unpleasant to eat.

  出自： D. Attenborough

• They found out he was eating his diet and his normal food.

  出自： M. Amis

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

eat at (v.+prep.)

折磨 disturb
eat at sb/sth
There was something else eating at him.

另有一件事情使他十分烦恼。
Loneliness ate at her heart.

孤独感折磨着她。

eat away (v.+adv.)

侵蚀,腐蚀,锈蚀; 咬坏,蛀坏 destroy gradually by erosion; damage sth by bite
eat away
Eat away, children, you are welcome to all you want.

吃吧,孩子们,尽情地吃吧。
They have been eating away for more than an hour.

他们一直吃了一个多小时。
The children are in the kitchen, eating away as usual.

孩子们在厨房里,像平常一样痛快地吃着东西。 eat sth ⇔ away
The river is eating away the bank in several places.

河水正侵蚀着好几处河岸。
The sea water is eating away the base of the cliff.

海水冲蚀着悬崖的底部。
Frost and weather had eaten away the mortar.

风霜雨雪剥蚀了泥灰。
Rust was eating away the iron post.

铁锈腐蚀着铁柱。
Cancer ate away the healthy flesh.

癌症侵蚀了健康的肌体。
The rats have eaten away most of the woodwork.

老鼠把木器全啃坏了。
This part has been eaten away by insects.

这部分被虫子蛀掉了。
The river bank is slowly being eaten away .

河岸正在慢慢地被侵蚀掉。 eat away at sth
The sea has been eating away at this cliff for centuries.

千百年来海水一直在侵蚀着这悬崖峭壁。

eat from (v.+prep.)

用…吃饭 have a meal using sth
eat sth from sth
The Chinese eat rice from bowls.

中国人用碗吃饭。

eat in (v.+adv.)

在学校就餐 have a meal at school

eat into( v.+prep. )

对…产生不良的作用或影响 have bad effect on sb/sth
eat into oneself/sth
Don't let decadent ideas eat into yourselves.

别让腐朽的思想侵蚀你。
Acids eat into metals.

酸会腐蚀金属。
The sulphuric acid ate into the parts of the metal where the coat of paint had peeled.

硫酸腐蚀了这块铁上涂层剥落的地方。
Can you see where the rust has begun eating into the bottom of the driver's door?

你能看得出铁锈是从哪儿开始侵蚀到司机座旁的那扇门底部吗?
The substance has begun eating into the woodwork.

这种物质开始腐蚀木器。
The insects eat into the wood.

虫蛀坏了木头。
The icy chill ate into my bones.

我感到寒气侵骨。
The sea has eaten into the north shore.

海水侵蚀了北岸。
Don't leave the aluminium spoon in the saltcellar.It will be eaten into by salt.

别把铝勺留在盐罐中,因为盐腐蚀铝。 eat into sth
The school fees have eaten into our savings.

为了支付学费,我们已经开始动用积蓄了。
The money they spent on the washing machine ate into their holiday savings.

他们买洗衣机用掉了他们准备度假的一部分积蓄。
Jim's illness has seriously eaten into his small savings.

吉姆因生病几乎花光了他不多的积蓄。 eat oneself into sth
They were eating themselves into their graves.

他们吃喝过度,在自找死路。 eat into sb/sth
The sort of Persian summer day here ate into you with its heat.

波斯夏天的酷热真叫人受不了。
Guilt had been eating into his conscience for some months.

几个月来内疚一直折磨着他的良心。

eat of (v.+prep.)

吃…中的一部分 eat part of sth
eat of sth
They ate heartily of the meal.

他们饱餐了一顿。
The tiger ate of the deer.

老虎吃了鹿的一部分。

eat off (v.+prep.)

吃(某人)白食 eat at the cost of (sb else)

eat out (v.+adv.)

〈口〉默默忍受痛苦; 极为悲伤 suffer in silence; be very sad
eat out
They can't afford to eat out nowadays.

他们现在下不起馆子了。
They had to eat out because the stove broke down.

炉子坏了,他们只得到外面吃。
He used to eat out in the evening.

他过去在晚上常出去吃饭。
I'm too tired to cook tonight; shall we eat out?

今晚我累得不能做饭了,我们去外面吃好吗?
I see no point eating out so often with a spacious and well-equipped kitchen at home.

我不明白家里有这么宽敞、设备齐全的厨房,为什么还要经常到外面吃饭。
We need a baby-sitter tonight, because we are eating out.

我们今晚需要一个看孩子的,因为我们要到外边吃饭。
I used to eat out in the evening when my parents were on night shifts.

以前,我父母上夜班时,我常在外面吃晚饭。 eat sth ⇔ out
Rust had eaten out the gun barrel.

铁锈腐蚀了枪管。
A little oil presently eats out the colour.

只要有一点油就会使那颜色褪去。 eat one's heart out
She is eating her heart out because Jim never writes to her.

她非常难过,因为吉姆从来不给她写信。
She was eating her heart out for her missing child.

她为她丢失的孩子在默默无闻地忍受悲痛。
She is eating her heart out because she can't go to that dance.

她正在发愁,因为她不能去参加那个舞会。
It's no use eating your heart out about things that can't be helped.

没有法子的事,着急也没有用。
What's done is done, and it's no use eating your heart out about it.

过去的事情已无法改变,悲伤也无济于事。

eat out of (v.+adv.+prep.)

吃…中的食物 eat food in sth
eat out of sth
Make sure that the dog always eats out of his own dish.

一定要让狗吃完它自己碟中的食物。

eat through (v.+prep.)

因化学作用把…蚀穿,腐蚀成洞 make a hole through (material or an object) by chemical action

eat up (v.+adv.)

〈非正〉击败; 毁掉,搞垮 win one's opponent
eat up
Come on, eat up; there's plenty left!

来,全部吃光,还剩好多呢!
There is plenty for us, so eat up!

东西多得很,吃个痛快吧! eat sth ⇔ up
After swimming all afternoon, they quickly ate up all their dinners.

游泳游了一下午之后,他们把晚饭一扫而光。
The children ate up all the candies.

孩子们把糖果吃光了。
Eat up your vegetables; there's a good girl!

把菜都吃光,那才是个好姑娘!
The boy was not allowed to leave the table until he had eaten up his vegetables.

那男孩不把菜吃光,就不让他离开饭桌。
The mother told the child to eat up her spinach and to drink up her milk.

母亲告诉孩子把菠菜吃掉并把牛奶喝完。
After playing all afternoon, we were so hungry that we ate up all the cookies in the house.

玩了一下午后,我们都很饿,以至将家里所有吃的都一扫而光。
The worms will soon eat up all the leaves on the trees if we don't stop them.

如果我们不加制止的话,虫子很快就会把树叶吃个精光。
The cat ate up three little mice.

这猫吃了三只小老鼠。
In a short while, the cat ate up the fish.

不久,那只猫便将鱼吃个精光。 eat sth ⇔ up
Extravagant spending ate up his savings.

大肆挥霍耗尽了他的积蓄。
Rent eats up as much as 25 to 35 per cent of the whole family income.

房租要耗去全家收入的25%到35%。
That big house eats up money.

那幢大房子所耗费用巨大。
This new heating system eats up electricity.

这个新供暖系统耗电量很大。
It's true that it's a comfortable car, but it eats up the petrol.

这辆车确实舒服,但耗油量太大了。
It ate up all his time.

这事把他所有的时间都占用掉了。
Idle talk had eaten up the hour before they knew it.

闲谈不知不觉地耗费掉了他们的时间。
Don't let family cares eat up your interest in literary pursuits.

不要让家庭操劳消磨掉你对文学研究的兴趣。
The flames ate up the building.

大火烧毁了房子。
The house was eaten up by flames in no time.

房子顷刻被火吞没。
Her savings have been eaten up by illness.

她的积蓄因为生病全给用光了。
Wage increases were eaten up by the rise in the cost of living.

工资的增加全给生活费用的上涨抵消掉了。 eat sb ⇔ up
Is something eating her up?She seems worried.

她有什么伤心事吗? 她似乎很烦恼。 eat sth ⇔ up
He ate up the stories of their journeys.

他听了他们的游记故事,相信得不得了。
When his friends told him that he was a first-class football player, he ate up their praise.

当朋友们说他是一个第一流的足球运动员时,他觉得十分心安理得。
The girls told John he was a hero because he made the winning touchdown, and he ate up their praise.

姑娘们说约翰是英雄,因为他在比赛中赢得了决定性的一分,约翰听了心里乐滋滋的。 eat sth ⇔ up
The boat was eating her way up towards the wind.

这条船迎风快速前进。
The little red car ate up the soggy miles.

那辆红色小汽车一会儿就驶完了那段数英里长的湿漉漉的路。
Twenty minutes in the car ate up the distance between the two shipyards.

乘20分钟汽车,就赶完了两座船厂之间的路程。 eat sb ⇔ up
He was such a clever speaker that he always ate up the opposition.

他是个很精明的演说家,总能击败对手。
You shouldn't have put the new teacher in charge of that troublesome class; they'll eat him up.

你不应该让那位新教师负责那个乱班,他们会搞垮他的。

eat up with( v.+adv.+prep. )

〈非正〉充满强烈的(妒忌、欲望等)情感 be completely and violently full of (jealousy, desire, etc.)
be eaten up with sth
She seems to be eaten up with her own conceit.

她仿佛已经被骄傲冲昏了头脑。
Don't be eaten up with pride.

不要被骄傲冲昏了头脑。
She was eaten up with jealousy.

她妒火中烧。
He is being eaten up with curiosity.

他好奇心切。
Be careful not to get eaten up with pride.

注意,不要骄傲自满。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• eat a hole 咬一个洞
• eat an apple 吃苹果
• eat bread 吃面包
• eat dirt 忍气吞声,低声下气,含垢忍辱
• eat egg 吃鸡蛋
• eat fish 吃鱼
• eat fruit 吃水果
• eat meat 吃肉
• eat one's words 收回前言,认错道歉
• eat porridge 喝粥
• eat post 蛀柱子
• eat soup 喝汤

～+副词

• eat a great deal 吃得很多
• eat outdoors 在户外吃
• eat three times a day 一天吃三餐
• eat barbarously 野蛮地侵蚀
• eat enormously 大量地吃
• eat excessively 过量地食用
• eat fastidiously 挑剔地吃
• eat greedily 贪婪地吃
• eat healthfully 有益健康地吃
• eat heartily 吃得很痛快
• eat heavily 吃得很多
• eat hungrily 狼吞虎咽
• eat hurriedly 匆匆地吃
• eat incontinently 无节制地吃
• eat inordinately 过度饮食
• eat insufficiently 不够吃
• eat leisurely 悠闲自在地吃
• eat liberally 大量地吃
• eat noisily 发出响声地吃
• eat plentifully 大量地吃
• eat ravenously 大口吞食
• eat regularly 有规律地吃
• eat sparingly 吃得很节省
• eat swiftly 快速吃
• eat voraciously 狼吞虎咽地吃,贪食
• eat wolfishly 狼吞虎咽
• eat away 不停地吃,咬坏,蛀坏,侵蚀
• eat away the banks (河水)侵蚀两岸
• eat in 在家吃饭
• eat out 在外面吃饭
• eat one's heart out 忧伤过度,极为悲伤
• eat up 吃光,吞没,耗尽,使…劳累〔苦恼〕,使…沉迷于,对…极为欣赏
• eat up one's savings 耗尽自己的积蓄
• eat up with pride 骄傲冲昏了头脑

～+介词

• eat against time 抓紧时间吃
• eat at 折磨
• eat between meals 吃零食
• eat for 吃什么,准备当
• eat from a bowl 用碗吃饭
• eat from tall trees 吃到高树上的叶子
• eat in 用…方式饮食
• eat into 腐蚀,耗费
• eat into metal 腐蚀金属
• eat into sb's pocket 使某人花费太多
• eat like 吃起来像
• eat off gold plates 用金盘子用餐
• eat out of 吃穷,听命于
• eat sb out of house and home 把某人吃穷
• eat through sth 把某物腐蚀穿
• eat to one's heart's content 吃得心满意足
• eat with relish 吃得津津有味
• eat with chopsticks 用筷子吃饭

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. eat的基本意思是“吃”,指人或动物把食物放在口里咀嚼并吞咽进去的过程,引申可表示一种类似咀嚼动作的缓慢、逐渐的消耗、损坏过程,即“蛀,腐蚀,侵蚀”等。
2. eat可用作及物动词或不及物动词; 用作及物动词时跟名词或代词作宾语。作“吃”解时其宾语可以为食物,也可为a meal, one's breakfast等词。
3. eat用作不及物动词时,意思是“吃饭,吃起来有…味道”,当以食物作主语时主动形式可表示被动意义,常有状语修饰。
4. eat有时可接以形容词充当补足语的复合宾语,这时该形容词常表示eat的结果,或者是when引起的从句的紧缩形式,可用于被动结构。
5. eat偶尔也可用作系动词,接形容词作表语。这时主语多为表示食物的名词。
6. eat可用于现在完成时,也可用于现在完成进行时,用于现在完成时必须带宾语,而用于现在完成进行时可不带宾语。
7. eat作“进餐”解时,在美国比在英国用得普遍。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

eat of, eat up

• 这两个短语都表示“吃”,而前者指“吃(一部分)”,后者指“吃光”。例如:
• The lion ate of the sheep.
• 狮子把那羊吃了(一部分)。
• The lion ate up the sheep.
• 狮子把那羊全吃光了。

eat out, dine out

• 两者都有“在外吃饭”的意思。其区别在于:eat out通常只指在饭馆吃饭,不指在亲友家吃饭,而dine out可以指在饭馆吃饭,也可以指在亲友家吃饭。例如:
• The single man was tired of instant noodle and ate out for a change.这个单身汉吃腻了方便面,于是下馆子换换口味。
• Did you remember that we had dined out at the Smiths?你记得我们曾在史密斯家吃过饭吗?

eat, feed

• 这两个动词都有“进食”的意思。其区别在于:
• 1.用作及物动词时, eat的主语多为人,偶尔可为动物(拟人化),宾语为食物; feed的主语一定为人,宾语为动物或者是老弱病残者。例如:
• We ate much the same thing for breakfast every day.每天早餐我们总是吃这些同样的东西。
• The nurse is feeding the patient by means of a spoon.护士在用汤匙给病人喂饭。
• 2.用作不及物动词时, eat的主语可为人,也可为食物(这时主语含有被动意义); feed的主语则为动物。例如:
• This kind of mushroom is eaten cooked.这种蘑菇是炒熟了吃的。
• The horses were feeding quietly in the field.马群在田野里悄悄地吃着东西。
• 3.eat只接简单宾语, feed除接简单宾语外,还可接双宾语,而eat不能接双宾语。例如:
• You may feed them anything you like.你喜欢喂它们什么就喂什么。

eat, consume, devour, ingest, swallow

• 这几个词的共同意思是“吃”。其区别在于:eat最常用,指放入口中经过咀嚼再吞咽下去的过程,对人或物都适用,引申指缓慢地逐渐腐蚀或消磨过程; consume指吃完全部食物或喝光所有饮料,引申指消耗光所有的物质、金钱等; devour强调狼吞虎咽地吃,引申指吞灭或毁灭; ingest是生理学用语,指咽下或吸收的过程; swallow指不经过充分咀嚼就囫囵吞入肚中,强调匆忙。例如:
• The termites have eaten deep into the wood.白蚁已经把木头蛀得很深了。
• The fire soon consumed the wooden building.大火不久就烧毁了这座木头建筑物。
• He was devoured by hate.他满腔怨恨。
• Twelve workers have ingested radioactive substances well above the permitted maximum.12名工人摄入体内的放射性物质已大大超过最大限度。
• This drug can't be swallowed; it has to be injected.这药不能吞服,只能注射。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 请随便吃。

   误 Please eat as you like.

   正 Please help yourself.

   析 表示“随便吃”,一般说help yourself, eat不含“随便”之义。

2. 花生吃起来很可口。

   误 Peanuts eat delicious.

   正 Peanuts are delicious.

   析 eat不可与形容词delicious连用,因为delicious本身就是“吃起来可口”的意思。

3. 他快速地吃过早饭。

   误 He ate a breakfast quickly.

   正 He ate his breakfast quickly.

   正 He had a breakfast quickly.

   析 eat a breakfast, lunch, supper等不合习惯,应该把a改为his, her, your等物主代词,或把eat改成have。

4. 医生告诉他一天吃三次药。

   误 The doctor told him to eat the medicine three times a day.

   正 The doctor told him to take the medicine three times a day.

   析 表示“吃药”这一概念时,一般说take medicine或have medicine,不说eat medicine。

5. 他不知道怎样用筷子来吃东西。

   误 He doesn't know how to use chopsticks to eat with.

   正 He doesn't know how to use chopsticks to eat.

   正 He doesn't know how to eat with chopsticks.

   析 表示“用筷子”,可说use chopsticks或with chopsticks, with含有“用”的意义,故用use就不必再用with。

6. 毕业后我一直在家吃饭。

   误 I have eaten at home since my graduation.

   正 I have been eating at home since my graduation.

   析 eat用于现在完成时必须带宾语,如不带宾语则须用现在完成进行时。

7. 他说他一周内还我钱,但他失信了。

   误 He said he would pay me back the money within a week, but he ate his word.

   正 He said he would pay me back the money within a week, but he broke his word.

   析 eat one's word和break one's word意思不同,前者意为“认错道歉,收回前言”,后者才是“食言,失信”的意思。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的etan，意为吃。

近反义词

【近义词】

• chew
• consume
• devour
• meal

【反义词】

• vomit