shock

英 [ʃɒk] 美 [ʃɑːk]

• n. 震惊；震动；冲击；休克
• v. 使震惊；使震动；使受电击

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C] 震动

   violent force, as from a hard blow, crash, explosion, etc.

2. [C] 电击

   the sudden violent effect of electricity passing through the body

3. [C] 打击

   blow; an unpleasant piece of news

4. [C] [U] 激动,震惊

   the state or strong feeling caused by sth unexpected and usually very unpleasant

5. [U] 休克

   the weakened state of the body with less activity of the heart, lungs, etc., usually following damage to the body

v. (动词)

1. vt. 使…震惊

   cause a shock

2. vt. 使受电击

   give a electric shock to

3. vt. 使…感到厌恶〔恐惧〕

   cause sb to feel disgust, horror, etc.

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 震惊
2. 震动
3. 冲击，冲撞
4. 打击
5. 电击
6. 乱蓬蓬的一堆
7. 引起震惊的事件
8. 【医】休克，中风
9. 激动
10. 冲突
11. 突击
12. 玉米秆堆，禾束堆，干草堆
13. 长毛蓬松的狗，狮子狗

v. 动词

1. 使休克
2. 使震惊，使惊骇，使惊愕，使毛骨悚然
3. 使电击，使电震
4. 使震动，使震荡
5. 震动
6. 把...做成禾束堆，将...堆成捆堆
7. 震惊得使...
8. 相撞击
9. 冲出
10. 激动
11. 捆堆禾束
12. 冲突
13. 震骇，震惊，觉得毛骨悚然
14. 使愤慨，使气愤
15. 使…感到厌恶

adj. 形容词

1. 蓬乱的
2. 浓密的，茂密的

英英释义

Noun:

1. the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally;

   "his mother's death left him in a daze"
   "he was numb with shock"
   

2. the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat;

   "the armies met in the shock of battle"
   

3. a reflex response to the passage of electric current through the body;

   "subjects received a small electric shock when they made the wrong response"
   "electricians get accustomed to occasional shocks"
   

4. (pathology) bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapid heartbeat and circulatory insufficiency and pallor;

   "loss of blood is an important cause of shock"
   

5. an instance of agitation of the earth's crust;

   "the first shock of the earthquake came shortly after noon while workers were at lunch"
   

6. an unpleasant or disappointing surprise;

   "it came as a shock to learn that he was injured"
   

7. a pile of sheaves of grain set on end in a field to dry; stalks of Indian corn set up in a field;

   "corn is bound in small sheaves and several sheaves are set up together in shocks"
   "whole fields of wheat in shock"
   

8. a bushy thick mass (especially hair);

   "he had an unruly shock of black hair"
   

9. a sudden jarring impact;

   "the door closed with a jolt"
   "all the jars and jolts were smoothed out by the shock absorbers"
   

10. a mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses;

    "the old car needed a new set of shocks"
    

Verb:

1. surprise greatly; knock someone's socks off;

   "I was floored when I heard that I was promoted"
   

2. strike with disgust or revulsion;

   "The scandalous behavior of this married woman shocked her friends"
   

3. strike with horror or terror;

   "The news of the bombing shocked her"
   

4. collide violently

5. collect or gather into shocks;

   "shock grain"
   

6. subject to electrical shocks

7. inflict a trauma upon

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill.
   听说我的病很严重，我吃了一惊。
2. His death was a great shock to us all.
   他的死使我们大家都大为震惊。
3. We must take steps to prevent shock in the patient.
   我们必须采取措施防止病人休克。

用作动词 (v.)

1. The violence and bad language in the program shocked many of the viewers.
   节目中的暴力场面和难听的粗话使许多观众感到震惊。
2. They used him to shock the others.
   他们利用他来吓唬别人。
3. Anyone touching that wire could get badly shocked.
   任何人碰到那根电线都会遭到严重的电击。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The shock of the earthquake was felt for miles.
   地震几英里以外人们都能感觉得到。
2. The shock of blast shattered many windows.
   许多窗户在爆炸中震碎了。
3. I felt the shock as the aircraft hit the ground.
   飞机着陆时我感觉到震了一下。
4. The ship got a rude shock.
   船受到猛烈的震荡。
5. Earthquake shocks are often felt in Japan.
   在日本经常可以感觉到地震。
6. The wire is covered with plastic to prevent shock.
   电线外侧裹着塑料以免有人触电。
7. His death was a great shock to the family.
   他的死对他家庭是一个很大的打击。
8. The shock robbed him of speech.
   他震惊得说不出话来。
9. The news was a bad shock, but she got over it soon.
   那消息太使人震惊了,但她很快会恢复平静的。
10. He felt shock rather than anger.
    他感到的不是气愤而是震惊。
11. I got such a shock when I looked in the mirror.
    我对着镜子看了看,不禁大吃一惊。
12. The news came as a shock to us.
    消息传来,我们都震惊了。
13. I don't wonder at your shock!
    我对你的震惊毫不奇怪。
14. He was taken to hospital suffering from shock.
    他因休克被送进医院。
15. Several of those who survived the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.
    有好几个在事故中幸存下来的人送到医院时处于休克状态。
16. That nasty shock cured him of his inquisitiveness for ever.
    那件令人讨厌的事把他爱管闲事的毛病彻底治好了。
17. They formed themselves into a shock brigade.
    他们组成突击队。

It was a ～+to- v

1. It was a shock to learn of his death.
   听到他去世令人震惊。

It was a ～+ v -ing

1. It was a shock hearing of his bad illness.
   听说他得了重病令人震惊。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The child's bad language shocked everyone.
   这孩子的脏话使大家很震惊。
2. The president's assassination shocked everyone under the sun.
   总统遇刺使全世界都为之震惊。
3. He didn't suspect that they were using him to shock the others.
   他没想到他们在利用他吓唬别人。
1
4. I'm not easily shocked, but that book is really a bad one.
   我不会轻易感到震惊,但那实在是一本不堪入目的书。
5. How is she feeling after the accident?Oh, she was a bit shocked, but she's OK now.
   这次事故后她感觉如何?噢,她有一点受惊,但现在全好了。
6. She got shocked when she touched the bare wire.
   她摸了裸线,挨电击了。
7. I was shocked at the news of her death.
   我听到她去世的消息十分震惊。
8. He was shocked at her smoking.
   他对她抽烟感到很震惊。

It ～s/ed n./pron. to- v

1. It shocked me to see how my neighbours treated their children.
   看到邻居那样对待孩子我很惊愕。

S+be ～ed+to- v

1. They were shocked to hear of the bad news.
   他们听到这则坏消息很震惊。
2. He was shocked to hear his daughter swearing.
   听到他的女儿骂人他非常生气。

S+be ～ed+that-clause

1. I'm shocked that you should reject her like that.
   你那样不接受她令我震惊。

经典引文

• Anon the hosts met in the shock of battle.

  出自： Southey

• That Sea that shock'd the Vessel, was a Forerunner of a greater.

  出自： Defoe

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

shock into (v.+prep.)

使受震惊而处于… force sb into sth or doing sth by means of a shock
shock sb into sth/v-ing
Gill's last school report shocked his parents into action.

吉尔最后的成绩单使他的父母大为震惊,不得不采取行动。
It would do her good to be shocked into changing her opinion.

给她以震动,从而使她改变主意,这会对她有好处。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• experience shock 经受震动
• express shock 表示震惊
• feel shock 感到震惊
• get shock 感到震惊
• give shock to 给…震惊
• give sb a shock 使人惊异
• have shock 震惊
• produce shock 产生震动
• receive shock 受到打击
• suffer shock 受到打击
• die of shock 死于休克
• go into shock 休克
• suffer from shock 患休克症

形容词+～

• economic shock 经济上的打击
• electric shock 电击
• emotional shock 感情上的打击
• future shock 未来的冲击
• great shock 大为震惊,大吃一惊
• mental shock 精神打击
• sad shock 悲痛的打击
• serious shock 严重打击
• severe shock 巨大的震动,大吃一惊
• sharp shock 强烈震动
• slight shock 轻微的震动
• terrible shock 极为震惊
• terrific shock 极大的震动,可怕的打击

名词+～

• culture shock 文化冲击,文化休克
• earthquake shocks 地震引起的震动
• shell shock 炮弹爆炸引起的震动

介词+～

• with a great shock 大为震惊

～+介词

• shock at 对…吃了一惊
• shock from a wire 触电
• shock of earthquake 地震引起的震动
• shock of waves 波浪的冲击
• shock to 对…的震惊
• shock to everybody 使大家很吃惊

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• shock everyone 使大家很震惊
• shock many of the viewers 使许多观众震惊

～+副词

• shock irresistibly 不可抗拒地震动
• shock morally 道义上震惊
• shock physically 身体上震动
• shock profoundly 深为震惊
• shock terrifically 极其震惊
• shock tremendously 强烈地震惊
• shock violently 强烈地震动

～+介词

• shock against each other 相互震动
• shock at 对…感到震惊
• shock sb into a stupor 把某人吓得目瞪口呆
• shock sb's sense out of sb 某人因震惊而神志不清

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. shock的基本意思是“震动”,指因碰撞或爆炸造成的强烈的冲击或震动,也可表示“电击”,还可指“突然而来的打击”,是可数名词。
2. shock也可表示“激动,震惊”“使人震惊的事”,但当shock表示具体的“使人震惊的事”时,就用作普通名词,前面常加不定冠词a。
3. 在医学术语中, shock还可作“休克”解,是不可数名词。

v. (动词)

1. shock用作动词的基本意思是“使…震惊”,也可作“使受电击”解,引申可作“使…感到厌恶、恐惧”解。
2. shock是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。
3. shock表示状态,可接介词at引起的短语、动词不定式或that从句。
4. shock的过去分词shocked常可用作形容词,在句中多用作表语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

下面三个句子的意思相同:

• I was shocked to learn that he had been in prison.
• It shocked me to learn that he had been in prison.
• It shocked me that he had been in prison.
• 听说他坐过监狱我感到很震惊。

shock，impact，collision，clash

• 这些名词均含“冲击，碰撞”之意。
• shock指强烈冲击在肉体上或思想感情上所产生的效果。
• impact正式用词，侧重指物体相撞的结果或接触点。
• collision指物体相撞，其结果不是受损就是严重受阻。
• clash通常指两个或多个物体，特别是金属物发出刺耳声音或破裂声的撞击。也可引申指意见、利益等的冲突。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 他的失败令大家大为震惊。

   误 His failure was great shock to us.

   正 His failure was a great shock to us.

   析 shock 表示“使人震惊的事”时,前面常加不定冠词a。

v. (动词)

1. 他知道这消息后感到很震惊。

   误 He was much shocked with the news.

   正 He was much shocked at the news.

   析 表示“对…感到震惊”应说be shocked at〔by〕 sth,不说be shocked with sth。

词源解说

• ☆ 1565年进入英语，直接源自中世纪法语的choc，意为猛烈攻击；最初源自古法语的choquer，意为打击。

近反义词

【近义词】

• blow
• distress
• disturbance
• fright
• turn
• upset
• disgust
• dismay
• disquiet
• horrify
• offend
• shake
• unsettle

【反义词】

• delight
• pleasure
• delight
• gratify
• please

派生词

v.(动词)

• shocker n. (因下流、粗野或不道德而)令人震惊的人或东西‖shocking adj. 骇人的,令人震惊的；使人心烦意乱；极不恰当的;很坏的,很不好的‖shockingly adv. 骇人地；很坏地