shame

英 [ʃeɪm] 美 [ʃeɪm]

• n. 羞愧；耻辱；可耻的人或物
• vt. 使丢脸；使羞愧；使蒙羞

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U] 羞耻,羞愧,惭愧

   the unhappy feeling that you have when you have done sth wrong or stupid

v. (动词)

1. vt. 使蒙羞,玷辱

   bring dishonour to

2. vt. 使感到羞愧,使觉得丢脸

   cause to feel shame

3. vt. 使相形见绌,使黯然失色

   show to be lacking in quality, ability, etc., by comparison

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 羞耻，羞愧，羞辱，耻辱，惭愧
2. 羞耻心，廉耻心，羞愧感
3. 带来耻辱的人
4. 憾事，倒霉的事，令人憎恶的事，可耻的事或人物

v. 动词

1. 使感到羞耻，使觉得丢脸，使惭愧，使羞愧
2. 使害羞
3. 侮辱，凌辱， 耻辱，玷辱
4. 使蒙羞，使蒙受羞辱，使蒙受耻辱，使不名誉
5. 胜过，使相形见绌，使黯然失色
6. 使某人羞愧不得不做
7. 感到羞耻

英英释义

Noun:

1. a painful emotion resulting from an awareness of inadequacy or guilt

2. a state of dishonor;

   "one mistake brought shame to all his family"
   "suffered the ignominy of being sent to prison"
   

3. an unfortunate development;

   "it's a pity he couldn't do it"
   

Verb:

1. bring shame or dishonor upon;

   "he dishonored his family by committing a serious crime"
   

2. compel through a sense of shame;

   "She shamed him into making amends"
   

3. cause to be ashamed

4. surpass or beat by a wide margin

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He had no sense of shame and never felt guilty.
   他毫无羞耻之心，而且从不觉得内疚。
2. He saved the child at the risk of his own life and put all those who looked on to shame.
   他冒着生命危险救了那个孩子,使所有旁观者都相形见绌。
3. Your bad behavior brings shame on the whole school.
   你的恶劣行径给整个学校带来耻辱。
4. It is a shame to take money from those who can't afford it.
   拿别人的钱使人家无以自立是十分可耻的。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. He was shamed by how much more work the others had done.
   别人做得多得多，他感到很难为情。
2. Her careful work put all the rest to shame.
   她的细致工作使得其余所有的人都自愧不如。
3. Such an act of cowardice by an officer shames his whole regiment.
   一个军官作出如此胆怯的行为使整个团都蒙受羞辱。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. To my shame,I never thanked him for his kindness.
   我感到惭愧的是对他的好意我从未表示过感谢。
2. She blushed with shame.
   她羞愧得脸红。
3. She hid her face in shame.
   她羞愧地蒙住了脸。
4. He feels no shame for his action because what he did was right.
   他对自己的所作所为并不觉得羞耻,因为他所做的都是正确的。
5. He was dead to all sense of shame.
   他没有一点羞耻感。
6. He is void of shame.
   他缺乏羞耻心。
7. What a bloody shame!
   多大的耻辱啊!
8. How can we make people forget the family's shame?
   我们怎么能忘记这一家庭耻辱呢?
9. It is a shame that he should attempt to injure the reputation of an honest man.
   他试图伤害一个老实人的名誉,那是可耻的。
10. What a shame to cheat at an examination!
    在考试中作弊真是可耻!
11. It's a shame to take money from those who can't afford it.
    拿别人的钱使人家无法自立是可耻的。
12. It is a shame for a young man like you not to study hard.
    像你这样的年轻人不用功学习是一件可耻的事。
13. It is a shame to be so wasteful.
    这样浪费太可耻了。
14. Isn't it a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic?
    这场雨把我们的野餐给破坏了,这不是太可惜了吗?
15. What a shame you didn't win.
    你没赢,真遗憾。
16. It's a real shame that these poor kids have nowhere they can call home.
    这些贫穷的孩子无家可归,真不幸。
17. He is a shame to us.
    他是我们引以为耻的人。
18. He's a shame to his family.
    他是他家的败类。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. You've shamed your family.
   你给你们家丢脸了。
2. Such an act of cowardice by an officer shames his whole regiment.
   一个军官作出如此胆怯的行为使整个团都蒙受耻辱。
3. He wouldn't help us, so we shamed him by doing it without him.
   他不肯帮助我们,所以我们没有他照样做了那事,从而使他感到羞愧。
4. They have a record of industrial peace which shames other companies.
   他们有使其他公司相形见绌的劳资间和平相处的记录。
1
5. He was shamed by how much more work the others had done.
   别人做得多得多,他感到很难为情。
6. She was shamed and frightened.
   她感到羞愧和恐惧。

It ～s n./pron. +to- v

1. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie.
   说出来使我羞愧,但我确实撒谎了。

其他

1. It's quite shaming that our society cares so little for the poor.
   我们这个社会对穷人毫不关心是很难堪的事。

经典引文

• A tear splashed on the table, and..made Carrie burn with shame.

  出自： R. Park

• A folly I shamed to confess.

  出自： C. Bury

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

put to shame

大大优越于某人〔某事物〕,使…相形见绌 be greatly superior to sb/sth
put sb/sth to shame
Your beautiful handwriting puts my untidy scrawl to shame.

你漂亮的书法把我潦草的字迹比得见不得人。
Your beautiful garden put my few little flowers to shame.

你那漂亮的花园使我那几朵小花相形见绌。

shame on you

应该感到羞耻 you should feel shame about what you have said or done

用作动词 (v.)

shame into (v.+prep.)

使某人感到惭愧而做某事 cause sb to do sth by making him feel shame
shame into sth/v-ing
Maybe they will shame into going to the front.

他们也许会上前线的,不然的话他们会羞愧不已。 shame sb into sth/v-ing
I tried to shame her into voting in the election , but she has no sense of public duty.

我试图使她感到不好意思而去投票,但她根本没有公共义务的意识。
It did not take long to shame the boy into a change of behaviour.

没用多久就使那男孩因感到惭愧而改变了他的行为。

shame out of (v.+adv.+prep.)

使某人感到惭愧而不做某事 cause sb not to do sth by making him feel shame
shame sb out of sth/v-ing
How can we shame the boy out of beating his little sister?

我们怎样才能使那男孩感到羞愧,不再打他的小妹妹?
Don't think that he can be shamed out of stealing.

不要指望他会因为感到羞耻而放弃偷窃。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• add another shame to a shame 耻上加耻
• bear shame 忍辱
• bring shame 带来耻辱
• cause shame 带来耻辱
• cry shame on 说…应自觉惭愧,责备,非难
• feel shame 感到羞耻
• have no shame 恬不知耻
• show shame 表现害羞
• suffer the shame 受辱
• take shame upon oneself 深感羞辱

形容词+～

• burning shame 奇耻大辱
• crying shame 奇耻大辱
• dirty shame 奇耻大辱
• false shame 假害羞
• great shame 大辱
• terrible shame 极大的耻辱

介词+～

• for shame 丢脸
• cry for shame 因羞辱而哭泣
• hide face from shame 羞得捂住脸
• in shame 羞得…
• child of shame 私生子
• past shame 恬不知耻,厚颜无耻
• put sb to shame 羞辱某人
• to sb's shame 很惭愧
• with shame 羞耻地

～+介词

• shame at 因…而羞耻
• shame on 丢脸
• shame to one's family 家庭的败类
• shame upon parents 使双亲蒙受羞辱

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• shame one's family 给自己家丢脸
• shame other companies 使其他公司相形见绌
• shame the whole regiment 使整个团都蒙受耻辱

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. shame的基本意思是“羞愧,羞耻”,多指由私通、私生、血统低下、与罪犯有牵连、犯罪等原因带来的耻辱或坏名声,是不可数名词。表示“可耻的人、事或物”“遗憾的事,可惜”时,是单数名词,常跟不定冠词a连用。
2. shame表示“羞愧感,羞耻之心”时,一般用于疑问句或否定句中。

v. (动词)

1. shame的基本意思一是“使蒙受羞耻”,二是“使感到羞愧”,引申为“使相形见绌”,是及物动词,接名词、代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。
2. 当以动词不定式或that从句作主语时, shame常用于it作形式主语的结构中。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

shame, disgrace

• 这两个词都含有“使羞耻、羞愧”“使丢脸”的意思。其区别是：
• disgrace强调的是失去他人的看重或受到冷遇即失宠; 而shame强调罪恶带来的羞愧。shame的语气较disgrace强烈。例如:
• He disgraced himself last night by drinking too much.他昨晚喝酒太多出了丑。
• The president's former adviser is now in disgrace.总统的前顾问现已失宠。

disgrace，humiliate，shame，dishonour

• 这些动词均含“使丢脸、使受耻辱”之意。
• disgrace侧重在别人，尤其在众人面前丢脸。
• humiliate强调受辱者自尊心的损坏。
• shame指由不光彩或不道德的行为引起的惭愧感或羞耻感。
• dishonour有时可与disgrace换用，但前者是指因失去荣誉所致。

shame，disgrace，embarrassment，dishonour

• 这些名词均含“丢脸，羞愧”之意。
• shame多指因非法婚烟、私生、卖国或犯法等而丢失脸面或败坏名声，使他人认为“丢脸”、“可耻”。
• disgrace常指失去他人的尊敬和称赞而使自己感受到的丢脸、耻辱。
• embarrassment多指在社交活动中所遇到的尴尬事。
• dishonour指失去原来享有的光荣或自尊和自重。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的sceamu，意为觉得有罪或耻辱；最初源自原始日耳曼语的skamo，意为掩饰。

近反义词

【近义词】

• contempt
• discredit
• disgrace
• dishonour
• reproach
• scandal
• stain
• abash
• confound
• debase
• defile
• degrade
• discomfit
• disconcert
• discredit
• dishonour
• embarrass

【反义词】

• distinction
• honour
• pride