labour

英 ['leɪbə(r)] 美 ['leɪbər]

• n. 劳动；劳工；分娩
• v. 努力；干苦力活；困难吃力地行进；反复说明
• Labour
• n. (英国)工党

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U]劳动,努力;工作

   effort or work, especially tiring physical work;a piece of work

2. [C]劳工,工人

   workers, especially those who use their hands, considered as a group or class

3. [U]分娩,(分娩时的)阵痛

   the act of giving birth

v. (动词)

1. vi. 劳动;努力

   work;try hard

2. vi. 艰难行进

   move, slowly and with difficulty

3. vi. & vt. 详细地做

   work out in detail;treat at great length

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 工作，劳动，体力劳动
2. 劳工，工人，劳力
3. 努力，苦干
4. 分娩，阵痛
5. 活计
6. 工人阶级，体力劳动者
7. 工党；英国工党
8. 任务
9. 生产
10. 为爱好而做的困难工作
11. 分娩期

v. 动词

1. 工作，劳动，干活
2. 使劳动
3. 出力做，努力（争取），出力，苦干，干苦力活
4. 详细论述，详细分析
5. 分娩，产前阵痛
6. 困难吃力地行进，艰难行进
7. 一再重复，反复解释（已说明的事）
8. 为…所蒙蔽
9. 麻烦，使…厌烦

_null.

1. =labor

adj. 形容词

1. 劳动者的
2. 与工党有关的

英英释义

Noun:

1. a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages;

   "there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field"
   

2. concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child;

   "she was in labor for six hours"
   

3. a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900; characterized by the promotion of labor's interests and formerly the socialization of key industries

4. productive work (especially physical work done for wages);

   "his labor did not require a great deal of skill"
   

Verb:

1. work hard;

   "She was digging away at her math homework"
   "Lexicographers drudge all day long"
   

2. strive and make an effort to reach a goal;

   "She tugged for years to make a decent living"
   "We have to push a little to make the deadline!"
   "She is driving away at her doctoral thesis"
   

3. undergo the efforts of childbirth

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. Labour is not only a necessity but also a pleasure.
   劳动不仅是人生所必需的，而且是一种乐趣。
2. It takes a lot of labour to build a railway.
   修筑一条铁路要花费许多劳动力。
3. A vigorous labour movement began that winter.
   那年冬天，展开了蓬蓬勃勃的劳工运动。
4. The labour question must come to the fore next session.
   劳工问题必将成为下届会议的热门话题。
5. She was in labour for three hours.
   她的分娩过程长达三小时。

用作动词 (v.)

1. We labour for the happiness of mankind.
   我们为人类的幸福而努力。
2. The editor laboured over the manuscript till early morning.
   编辑煞费苦心地修改稿件，一直干到清晨。
3. Miners labour in the bowels of earth.
   矿工们在地底下劳动。
4. The old man laboured up the hillside.
   老人吃力地登上山腰。
5. The horses laboured up the steep slope.
   那些马费力地爬上了陡坡。
6. There is no need to labour the argument.
   该论据无需详细说明或讨论。
7. You needn't labour a point that is perfectly plain.
   这点很明显，你用不着讲个没完。

用作名词 (n.)

1. He was elected to the leadership of the Labour Party.
   他被选为工党的领导人。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. We have replaced human labour with machines.
   我们用机器取代了人工劳动。
2. They live by honest labour.
   他们靠正当劳动生活。
3. This education aimed at combining brain work with manual labour.
   此项教育的目的在于实现脑力劳动与体力劳动相结合。
4. We should try to reform criminals through labour rather than punish them.
   我们应该尽量通过劳动改造罪犯,而不是惩罚他们。
5. We regard labour as a matter of honour.
   我们认为劳动是光荣的事。
6. These machines would relieve the peasants of their backbreaking labour.
   这些机器可以把农民从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来。
7. A good day's labour got his appetite up.
   劳动了一整天,他饭吃得特别香。
8. He forced his slaves into hard labour.
   他逼迫他的奴隶们干苦役。
9. Helpless, we watched a whole season's labour and half a year's food destroyed.
   我们眼睁睁地看着整整一季度的劳动和半年的粮食被毁掉了。
10. I have a labour for you.
    我有活叫你干。
11. She blushed when they criticized her for her incorrect attitude toward domestic labour.
    当他们批评她对家务劳动的不正确态度时,她脸红了。
12. This was what they achieved after two years of ceaseless military labour.
    这是他们两年不懈的军事训练取得的成果。
13. The criminal was sentenced to eight years at hard labour.
    那罪犯被判处8年劳役。
14. Some of the labour leaders were also questioned by the reactionary police.
    一些工会领导人也受到反动警察的查问。
15. The labour men tries their best to dam the river.
    劳动人民尽最大努力筑堤防洪。
16. In front of the labour exchange there are many people desiring to get a job.
    职业介绍所门前有许多想找工作的人。
17. They are admired for their labour discipline.
    他们由于劳动纪律严明而受到人们的钦佩。
18. Labour Day falls on a Monday this year.
    今年劳动节是星期一。
19. My mind flashed back to last Labour Day.
    我的脑海里又闪现出去年劳动节的情景。
20. It was widely held that the Labour Party would get in, but it failed in the election.
    人们普遍认为工党会上台,但它在选举中失败了。
21. They forged the links with the Labour Party.
    他们与工党建立了联系。
22. It is important to locate new industries where labour and raw materials are easily available.
    把新工业设置在劳动力和原材料都便利的地方是很重要的。
23. To take it apart now would mean wasting a lot of labour.
    现在把它拆开,就会浪费大量劳动力。
24. Many children were exploited as cheap labour in factories.
    许多儿童在工厂里作为廉价劳动力受到剥削。
25. Most of the nation's labour are on strike.
    该国的大部分工人正在罢工。
26. They mediated the settlement between labour and management.
    他们通过调停解决了劳资纠纷。
27. When the building was completed, he paid off the labours.
    大楼完工后,他就付了工资，把工人打发走了。
28. It is a scientific labour.
    这是一项艰巨的科学任务。
29. His labours are now at an end, and he can rest.
    现在,他的艰辛的工作已经结束,可以休息了。
30. When can the people cease from their labours?
    人们什么时候才能停止他们的辛苦劳作呢?
31. On her way back from the fields, she suddenly doubled over with labour pains.
    从地里回来时,她突然感到一阵阵痛,不由得蹲了下去。
32. His wife is in labour.
    他的夫人正在分娩。
33. She was in labour for two hours before her baby was finally born.
    她分娩了两个小时,才生下婴儿。
34. She went into labour two weeks early.
    她提前两周分娩了。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. The editor laboured over the manuscript till early morning.
   编辑煞费苦心地修改那篇稿件,一直改到凌晨。
2. They laboured along the bad road.
   他们在那条难走的路上艰难地行进。

S+～+to- v

1. I laboured to understand him.
   我努力了解他的意思。
2. They have laboured to complete the job.
   他们努力完成这一工作。
3. We laboured hard to finish our job ahead of schedule.
   我们努力工作,以期把活儿提前干完。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. He didn't know how to labour the wonders.
   他不知道如何创造奇迹。
2. There's no need to labour the point.
   没有必要反复解释这一点。

其他

v -ed as Attrib.

1. His argument is interesting but is at times somewhat clouded by a laboured style.
   他的论证很值得回味,只是由于行文艰涩,有时不太清楚。

v -ing as Attrib.

1. The labouring people in Tibet developed the Tibetan plateau with their own labour and wisdom.
   西藏劳动人民曾以自己的劳动和智慧开发了西藏。
2. Cities grew rapidly, a large laboring class developed.
   城市在迅速发展,结果导致劳动大军的发展。

经典引文

• Man goeth forth unto his worke: and to his labour.

  出自：Bible (AV): Psalms

• Physics..they took to be unacceptably hard mental labour.

  出自： D. Francis

• They..labour Honey to sustain their Lives.

  出自： Dryden

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

labour at (v.+prep.)

努力研究 work hard at
labour at sth
Don't labour at your writing, try to make it seem easy and natural.

不要对你所写的东西过分雕琢,要把文章写得简明自然。

labour for (v.+prep.)

为…而努力工作 work hard so as to
labour for sb/sth
Why should you labour for the boss of the company when he gives you no reward?

公司的老板不给你钱,你为什么还要为他卖命呢?
They laboured for the happiness of mankind.

他们为人类的幸福而努力工作。

labour under (v.+prep.)

苦于;被…所欺骗 work underneath
labour under sth
You are labouring under an error if you think these rules will always be valid.

如果你认为这规章永久适用,那你就错了。
People labour under the ignorance and superstition.

人们因愚昧和迷信而受害。

labour up (v.+prep.)

艰难地向上 make a lot of effort up
labour up sth
The car laboured up the hill.

汽车艰难地爬上山去。
They laboured through the thick forest and up the steep hill.

他们艰难地穿过茂密的森林,爬上陡峭的山坡。

labour with (v.+prep.)

用…使(某人)疲倦 make sb tired with sth
labour with sth
His classmates were labouring with elementary algebra.

他的同学们正在绞尽脑汁地演算初等代数题。 labour sb with sth
Don't labour the reader with unnecessary detail.

不要用不必要的细节使读者疲倦。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• begin the labour 开始劳动
• carry labour 做工作
• complete labour 完成工作
• continue one's labour 继续劳动
• cost labour 消耗劳动力
• devote much labour 付出许多努力
• do labour 劳动,干活,做工
• divide labour 分工
• draw labour 吸收劳动力
• engaged in labour 从事…劳动
• find labour 找到工作
• finish labour 完成工作,结束工作
• free from labour 免于劳动,免于苦役
• gain from labour 劳动所得
• handle labour 处理工作
• leave labour 歇工
• perform labour 从事劳动
• pursue one's labour 继续劳动
• quit labour 停止劳动
• require labour 需要劳动力
• save labour 节省劳力
• simplify the labour 简化工作
• spare no labour 不遗余力
• want labour 需要劳动
• waste a great deal of labour 浪费大量劳动

形容词+～

• backbreaking labour 极其繁重的体力劳动
• cheap labour 廉价劳动力
• creative labour 创造性劳动
• daily labour 日常劳动
• delicate labour 细致的劳动
• demanding labour 要求高的劳动
• dirty labour 脏活,吃力不讨好的活
• disagreeable labour 令人不愉快的劳动
• domestic labour 家务活
• easy labour 容易的劳动
• economic labour 经济工作
• educational labour 教育事业
• everyday labour 日常劳动
• excessive labour 过度的劳动
• exhausting labour 令人筋疲力尽的劳动
• firsthand labour 第一手工作
• forced labour 强迫劳动
• hard labour 艰苦的劳动
• honest labour 诚实的劳动
• human labour 人类劳动
• light labour 轻微的劳动,轻活
• manual labour 体力劳动
• mental labour 脑力劳动
• necessary labour 必要的劳动
• noble labour 高尚的工作
• orderly labour 有秩序的劳动
• organizational labour 组织劳动
• outdoor labour 室外劳动
• patient labour 耐心的劳动
• physical labour 体力劳动
• pleasant labour 令人愉快的劳动
• productive labour 生产劳动
• rough labour 粗活
• taxing labour 繁重的工作
• tiring labour 令人筋疲力尽的工作
• tough labour 困难的工作
• undercover labour 秘密劳动
• useful labour 有用的劳动,有益的劳动
• difficult labour 难产
• natural labour 自然分娩
• the first labour 头胎
• the second labour 二胎

名词+～

• child labour 童工
• day labour 计日工
• farm labour 农场劳动
• fieldlabour 野外工作
• hand labour 手工劳动
• life labour 一生的工作
• muscle labour 体力劳动
• night labour 夜班
• prison labour 狱中劳役
• reconstruction labour 重建工作
• slave labour 奴役

～+名词

• labour clothes 工作服
• labour conference 工作会议
• labour power 劳动力

介词+～

• after one's labours 完成工作后
• be in labour 分娩
• by labour 通过劳动
• woman in labour 分娩中的妇女
• go into labour from 因…而小产
• quality of labour 劳动质量
• the hours of labour 劳动时间
• produced with labour 劳动所生产的

～+介词

• labour of destruction 破坏工作
• labour of duty 本职工作
• labour of love 不取报酬的劳动,义务劳动

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• labour the point 仔细地分析解释

～+副词

• labour accidentally 偶尔劳动
• labour appropriately 适当地劳动
• labour arduously 艰难地劳动
• labour artificially 虚假地劳动
• labour assiduously 不懈地劳动
• labour bodily 整体地艰难移动
• labour casually 马虎地劳动
• labour cautiously 谨慎地艰难移动
• labour ceaselessly 不断地劳动
• labour clumsily 拙劣地劳动
• labour conditionally 有条件地劳动
• labour consciously 自觉地劳动
• labour cordially 真心诚意地劳动
• labour daringly 大胆地劳动
• labour diligently 勤奋地劳动
• labour doubtfully 难以预料地劳动
• labour economically 有效益地劳动
• labour efficiently 有效率地劳动
• labour extensively 大量地劳动
• labour fastidiously 挑剔地劳动
• labour frequently 经常劳动
• labour healthfully 有益于健康地劳动
• labour impetuously 急躁地劳动
• labour incessantly 不断地劳动
• labour indirectly 间接劳动
• labour industriously 辛勤地劳动
• labour insistently 引人注意地劳动
• labour intelligibly 可理解地艰难移动
• labour intentionally 有目的地劳动
• labour interestingly 有趣地劳动
• labour jerkily 笨拙地劳动
• labour laboriously 艰难地劳动
• labour logically 情理之中地劳动
• labour needlessly 不必要地劳动
• labour passively 消极劳动
• labour patiently 有耐性地劳动
• labour pointlessly 无意义地劳动
• labour probably 可能劳动
• labour professionally 熟练地劳动
• labour provisionally 暂且劳动
• labour readily 欣然劳动
• labour recklessly 不顾后果地劳动
• labour reluctantly 不情愿地劳动
• labour rightly 正当劳动
• labour satisfactorily 令人满意地劳动
• labour simultaneously 同时劳动
• labour skillfully 技术高超地劳动
• labour slowly 慢慢地劳动
• labour solely 单独地劳动
• labour specially 具体地劳动
• labour speciously 似是而非地劳动
• labour spectacularly 特殊地劳动
• labour speedily 快速地劳动
• labour substantially 实实在在地劳动
• labour symbolically 象征性地劳动
• labour systematically 系统地劳动
• labour tirelessly 不知疲倦地劳动
• labour tremulously 震颤地艰难移动
• labour temporarily 暂时劳动
• labour unbelievably 不可思议地劳动
• labour unconditionally 无条件地劳动
• labour unexpectedly 意外地劳动
• labour unhesitatingly 毫不犹豫地劳动
• labour voluntarily 自愿地劳动
• labour whole-heartedly 全心全意地劳动

～+介词

• labour at 努力研究
• labour for 为…而努力工作
• labour under 苦于,被…所欺骗
• labour up 艰难地向上
• labour with 用…使…疲倦

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. labour是英式英语,美式英语是labor。
2. labour用作名词时基本意思是“劳动”“努力”,通常指需要花很大力气并使人疲乏的体力劳动,是不可数名词。也可指脑力劳动,但仅限于具体的特殊困难的事情。
3. labour表示“艰苦的工作”或具体的“工作”“活计”时用复数;表示“工人”“劳工”的总称时用单数。
4. labour作“分娩,(分娩时的)阵痛”解时,是不可数名词。
5. “劳动节”可说Labour Day,也可说May Day,其前不用冠词。
6. Labour等于Labour Party,指“工党”。

v. (动词)

1. labour的基本意思是“劳动”“工作”,多指日常辛勤的体力劳动,引申可表示“在…上过分花费精力”“仔细地分析解释”“缓慢而艰难地前进”等。
2. labour既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。在表示“辛勤工作”时,其主语一般是人,后面可接动词不定式短语作状语。
3. labour在表示“缓慢而艰难地前进”时,是不及物动词,常与介词through, up, along 等连用,其主语既可以是人,也可以是物。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

labour, toil, work

• 这组词的共同意思是“劳动”“工作”。其区别在于：
• 1.labour通常指需要花很大力气并使人疲乏的体力劳动,也可指脑力劳动,但仅限于具体特殊困难的事情。
• 2.work含义很广,指任何有目的性的劳动,不论劳动的难易、轻重、时间的长短,是体力劳动还是脑力劳动,也可用来指机器等的操作。例如:
• He brought work home from the office.他把要做的工作从办公室带回了家。
• They had pretty hard work getting the roof of the storehouse repaired before the rain came.他们费了很大劲在下雨前将仓房顶修好。
• I have a lot of work to do.我有许多工作要做。
• This Association does social work.这个协会从事社会工作。
• 3.toil一般表示繁重的长时间劳动,带有令人感到非常疲乏的意味。例如:
• After much toil the furniture was all in the moving van.经过一番劳累,家具都被搬进了搬运车。
• They spent months of toil on the water conservancy project.他们为这个水利工程辛辛苦苦地干了几个月。
• The wealth of industrial society could only come from the toil of the masses.工业社会的财富来自群众的辛勤劳动。

labour, worker, working man, workman

• 这四个词(组)都可表示“工人”。其区别是：
• worker用义最广,指“工人”最常用,但也指从事某种工作的人; workman指工匠和一般挣工资的人; working man指工人通常较为狭义,但也包括在工厂或别处干技术性或非技术性体力劳动的人; labour仅指干非技术性、重体力劳动的工人。例如:
• Some workmen have restored and refinished her parquet floor.几个工匠已把她的镶木地板重新铺好,装修一新。
• The average working man has only a limited saving power.普通工人储蓄的能力有限。
• He is an agricultural labour.他是一个农场工人。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 这个国家没有足够的熟练工人。

   误 The country has not enough skilled labours.

   正 The country has not enough skilled labour.

   析 labour作“工人”“劳工”解时,是“工人”的总称,作不可数名词,没有复数形式。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的labor，意为劳动。

近反义词

【近义词】

• effort
• hands
• task
• work
• workers
• workforce
• workmen
• pain
• drudge
• grind
• heave
• pitch
• strive
• struggle
• suffer
• sweat
• toil
• toss
• work
• strain

【反义词】

• ease
• leisure
• relaxation
• rest
• idle
• laze
• loaf
• lounge

派生词

v.(动词)

• labourer n. 劳工，苦力‖laboured adj. 缓慢而困难的；艰涩的，不流畅的‖laborious adj. (工作等)艰苦的，费力的；艰涩的，不流畅的