kind

英 [kaɪnd] 美 [kaɪnd]

• adj. 亲切的；善良的；仁慈的；宽容的
• n. 种类；本质

双解释义

adj. (形容词)

1. 亲切的,和蔼的,友好的,仁慈的,慈爱的

   friendly and thoughtful to others

n. (名词)

1. [C]种类

   group having similar characteristics; sort; type; variety

2. [U]本质,性质

   nature; character

详尽释义

adj. 形容词

1. 亲切的，和蔼的，慈祥的，友好的
2. 宽容的，友好的，仁慈的，仁爱的，善良的，慈悲的
3. <口>体贴的，令人感激的
4. 厚道的
5. 相爱的
6. 充满柔情的
7. 容易处理的
8. 柔软的
9. 易采的
10. （天气）温和的，宜人的

n. 名词

1. 种类，类，族
2. 性质，本质
3. 特定种类的人，同类的人
4. 支付
5. 方法
6. <美俚>大笔(钱)
7. 家族，世系

adv. 副词

1. 友好地

英英释义

Noun:

1. a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality;

   "sculpture is a form of art"
   "what kinds of desserts are there?"
   

Adjective:

1. having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior;

   "kind to sick patients"
   "a kind master"
   "kind words showing understanding and sympathy"
   "thanked her for her kind letter"
   

2. agreeable, conducive to comfort;

   "a dry climate kind to asthmatics"
   "the genial sunshine"
   "hot summer pavements are anything but kind to the feet"
   

3. tolerant and forgiving under provocation;

   "our neighbor was very kind about the window our son broke"
   

例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. If you ever see George, give him my kind regards.
   如果你见到乔治,请代我向他致以亲切的问候。
2. Taking a blind man across the street is a kind act.
   扶盲人过马路是一种善良的行为。
3. She had a very kind mother.
   她有一位非常仁慈的母亲。
4. Our neighbor was very kind about the window we broke.
   我们的邻居对我们打破玻璃表现得很宽容

用作名词 (n.)

1. We often do this kind of exercise.
   我们经常做这类练习。
2. People had told me she was very pleasant but she's nothing of the kind.
   人家告诉我她很可爱，可是她根本不是那样。
3. They differ in degree rather than in kind.
   他们的程度不同, 并非性质不同。

常见句型

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

～+ n.

1. The kind old man is accompanied all the time.
   这位和蔼的老人一直有人陪伴着。
2. He's such a kind man; he's all heart.
   他是个好人,他真诚待人。
3. She is fortunate to have such a kind husband.
   她真幸运,有这么体贴的丈夫。
4. Some servants were fortunate in getting kind masters who didn't work them too hard.
   有些仆人很幸运,他们的主人很和善,并不要求他们拼命地干活。
5. He had an enormous kind heart and would always be ready to help others.
   他心地善良,总是乐于帮助别人。
6. Thank you for your kind help.
   谢谢你的帮助。
7. I am very happy to receive your kind invitation.
   我十分高兴收到您的请柬。
8. Sally is such a baby that she will cry if the teacher does not handle her with kind gloves.
   如果老师不温和对待她,莎莉便会哭泣。

用作表语

S+be+～

1. He is kind and friendly despite his rather bluff manner.
   他为人厚道,待人亲切,虽然态度有点粗鲁。
2. She was kind and generous.
   她心地善良,宽容大量。
3. They were exceedingly kind.
   他们极为客气。

S+be+～+ prep .-phrase

1. She has been very kind about letting us use her house.
   她十分友好,让我们使用她的房子。
2. Be kind to animals.
   对动物要仁慈。
3. Be kind to old people.
   对老人要爱戴。
4. She is always kind to her pupils.
   她对她的学生总是很和善。
5. He is kind and gentle to the weak.
   他对弱者总是友好和善。
6. He is kind with his parents.
   他和他的双亲关系很好。

S+be+～+to- v

1. You are kind to come.
   难得你来。
2. You were kind enough to wait for us.
   你等我们,真是太好了。

It is/was+～+of sb+to- v

1. It's very kind of you to show so much concern for us.
   谢谢您对我们这么关心。
2. It was very kind of you to visit me when I was ill.
   感谢你在我生病时来看我。
3. It's too kind of you to have told me that.
   你把那件事告诉了我,真是太好了。

用作名词 (n.)

1. Do you want all the same kind, or a mixture?
   您都要同一种的,还是要什锦的?
2. He is the kind who always arrives late.
   他是那种经常迟到的人。
3. Electrical energy is so useful because it is readily converted into other kinds.
   电能是非常有用的,因为它可以很容易地转换成其他能量形式。
4. We can offer you teas available in various kinds.
   我们可以提供给你各种茶叶的货。
5. This book is typical of its kind.
   这本书在其同类书中具有典型性。
6. He is clever at everything of this kind.
   他擅长干这样的事。
7. “You said he was old.” “I never said anything of the kind.”
   “你说他老了。”“我从没说过那种话。”
8. The analysis of what kind of temperament you possess is vital.
   分析一下你有什么样的气质是十分重要的。
9. That kind of talk will get you nowhere.
   说那种话对你没好处。
10. This kind of cooking is novel.
    这种烹调方法很新颖。
11. This kind of machine was superior in speed to any other machine.
    这种机器比任何机器的速度都快。
12. An individual and a family are two different kinds of social units.
    个人与家庭是两种不同的社会单位。
13. The new machine was exposed to all kinds of weather in the open air.
    新机器经受了风吹雨打。
14. There’re two kinds of truth: one is absolute; the other is relative.
    有两种真理:一种是绝对的,另一种是相对的。
15. Are there any kinds of pleasure that never stale?
    有没有让人永不感到乏味的娱乐呢?
16. These kinds of trees are nice if you like them.
    要是你喜欢,这几种树就很好。
17. Some kinds of business are competitive.
    有些商业是要竞争的。
18. Many kinds of mushrooms are edible but some are poisonous.
    许多种蘑菇是可以吃的,但也有些是有毒的。

经典引文

• O ye who sought to find Unending life against the law of Kind.

  出自： W. Morris

• The kindest thing Evelyn could do was to ignore her nervousness.

  出自： J. Rule

• Mother Andrea had a sweet face and was kind and gentle.

  出自： A. Burgess

• The winter..of damp and sulphurous fogs, had not been kind to her.

  出自： fig.

常用短语

用作形容词 (adj.)

Would you be kind to-v?

〈正〉劳您驾做…好吗? could you be kind enough to do sth

用作名词 (n.)

a kind of

〈口〉(表示不确定) uncertainly

in a kind

有几分,在某种程度上 some extent

in kind

以实物偿付 in goods or natural produce, not in money

kind of

〈口〉稍微,有点儿,有几分 slightly; some extent

nothing of the kind

一点儿都不像,毫无类似处 not at all like it

of a kind

低劣的,差劲的 of an inferior kind

something of the kind

类似所说的某事 sth like what has been said

词汇搭配

用作形容词 (adj.)

～+名词

• kind heart 仁慈的心
• kind husband 体贴的丈夫
• kind invitation 盛情邀请
• kind man 和蔼的人
• kind master 和善的主人
• kind person 和蔼的人

～+介词

• kind of 体贴的
• kind to 对…仁慈的
• kind with sb 对某人亲切

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• have a kind of 有一种…,有一点…
• like a kind of 喜欢一种…
• make a kind of 制造〔作〕一种…

形容词+～

• different kinds 不同的种类
• each kind 每一种
• every kind 每种
• new kind 新品种
• old kind 老品种
• same kind 同类,同一种,同样的
• several kinds 好几种,好几类
• similar kind 相似的种类
• various kinds of 各式各样的

名词+～

• cat kind 猫科动物

介词+～

• of a kind 某一类的
• of all kinds 各种
• in kind 以同样方式
• in a kind 在某种程度上

～+介词

• kinds of 各种

词语用法

adj. (形容词)

1. kind的基本意思是“亲切的,和蔼的,友好的,仁慈的,慈爱的”,指人的心地善良,使人感受到一种亲和力,让人看上去慈善,也可指行为上让人感觉到友好。
2. kind后可接人,也可接心地等具体的或抽象的名词。在句中作定语或表语。
3. kind用作表语时,其后可接动词不定式,该动词不定式说明主语在哪方面kind,主语和kind及动词不定式均存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
4. kind还常用于带有形式主语结构的句子中,以动词不定式充当真正主语,动词不定式的逻辑主体由介词of引出。
5. too kind to- v 结构不含否定意义,而含肯定意义; Would you be kind to- v ?的意思是“劳您…”,常用于正式用语中。

n. (名词)

1. kind用作名词时的意思是“种类”,指一事物与其他事物相区别的属性; 也可指事物本身所具有的特殊性,即“本质,性质”,此时多为不可数名词。
2. 当kind与of连用作前置定语时,后面的名词通常用单数形式。kinds of后面如为可数名词,单数和复数均可。kind of用于口语中还可作“有些,一点儿”解,在句中用作状语。
3. kind of...用作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式; 而kinds of...用作主语时,其谓语动词用复数形式,与of后名词的数无关。
4. 在all, different等词之后的kind总是用复数形式,不管kinds of后面跟的是复数名词还是单数名词。
5. a/the kind of a是非正式英语,正式英语中of后的a常省略。

词义辨析

adj. (形容词)

kind, kindly

• 这两个词的共同意思是“厚道的,亲切的,仁慈的”。其区别是：
• kind着重于品性“善良,仁慈,忠厚”,而kindly着重指使人从容貌、言行中体会到“仁慈,体贴”之心。例如:
• He always has a kindly heart.他总是抱着一付慈悲心肠。

n. (名词)

kind, description, nature, sort, type

• 这组词的共同意思是“种类”。kind在多数情况下可以和sort或type互换,但当指生物学的类属或者种类时,只能用kind; type所表示的“种类”有典型性,多指那些界限非常明确,且有明显类似之处的一类。例如:
• There are four basic types of blood.有四种基本血型。
• sort表示“大体上属于同类的”,有时含有轻蔑之意。例如:
• How did you get this sort of ideas into your head?你的脑袋里怎么会有这种想法?
• description与nature也有kind的意思,但description指叙述或描述的一类。例如:
• He is a person of that description.他就是那种人。
• nature指实质和特性上相似的一类。例如:
• I never met things of this nature.我从未遇见过这种事情。

下面各组中各句意思不同:

• Mr. Owen likes to drink this kind of wine.
• 欧文先生喜欢喝这种酒。
• (指牌子或制作方法)
• Mr. Owen likes to drink wine of this kind.
• 欧文先生喜欢喝这种酒。
• (是特色或质量)
• Mr. John served me with a kind of whisky.
• 约翰先生请我喝一种像似威士忌的酒。
• (似像似不像)
• Mr. John served me with whisky of a kind.
• 约翰先生请我喝类似威士忌的酒。
• (表示相似、相类)
• What kind of car is it?
• 这是什么样子的车?
• What kind of a car is it?
• 这种车有什么好的呢?

kind，sort，type，class，classification，category，species，variety

• 这些名词均有“种、类、类型”之意。
• kind指性质相同，而且特征很相似，足以归为一类的人或东西。
• sort普通用词，文体较kind随便，指对人或对事物进行的大概分类，有时含贬义。
• type指客观界限比较清楚，有相同本质特点的同类事物，或指大致相似的同类事物。
• class正式用词，指门类、种类或优劣等级；用于指动植物的分类时，表示“纲”。
• classification指根据已经确定的类型对某一事物作鉴别和归类。
• category书面用词，特指有确切定义的群体。
• species书面用词，单复数同形。指生物分类上的种。
• variety强调有各自的特点，形式不同，品质不同的种类。

常见错误

adj. (形容词)

1. 你来帮忙真是太好了。

   误 It is very kind for you to help us.

   正 It is very kind of you to help us.

   析 It is very kind后面的介词是of,不是for,这是固定用法。

2. 人们对我总是很好。

   误 People have always been kind with me.

   正 People have always been kind to me.

   析 “对…友好”要用be kind to来表示,而不能用with来代替to。

n. (名词)

1. 你想要哪种书?

   误 What kind of a book do you want?

   正 What kind of book do you want?

2. 这是那种让我发懒的一天。

   误 This is the kind of a day that makes me lazy.

   正 This is the kind of day that makes me lazy.

   析 what kind of, the kind of等之后用单数名词,且不用冠词。

3. 作为一名营业员,我遇见各种各样的人。

   误 As a shop assistant,I meet all the kinds of people.

   正 As a shop assistant,I meet all kinds of people.

   析 泛指时, all后面不用定冠词the。

4. 我喜欢这样的赛手。

   误 I like these kind of players.

   正 I like this kind of player.

   析 these是复数,不能用来修饰单数名词kind; this是单数,因此可以充当kind的修饰语。

5. 这种书非常有趣。

   误 This kind of books are really interesting.

   正 This kind of books is really interesting.

   析 以kind of结构为主语时,谓语的单复数取决于kind本身的单复数。如果kind为单数,谓语用单数形式,反之,则用复数形式。

6. 这样的书很贵。

   误 Books of this kind is quite expensive.

   正 Books of this kind are quite expensive.

   析 在名词+of+kind的结构中, of kind是定语,所以谓语动词的数取决于被修饰的名词,即真正的主语books。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的gecynd；最初源自原始日耳曼语的gakundiz，意为种类，自然。

近反义词

【近义词】

• friendly
• gentle
• kindly
• warm
• class
• sort
• type

【反义词】

• brutal
• cruel
• hardhearted
• mean