habit

英 ['hæbɪt] 美 ['hæbɪt]

• n. 习惯；习性

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C][U]习惯,习性

   a tendency to behave in a particular way or do particular thing, especially regularly and repeatedly over a long period

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 习性，习惯，脾性
2. 癖好
3. 服装
4. 举止，行为
5. 气质
6. 体型
7. （女子）骑装
8. 性情
9. 常态
10. 体质，体格
11. 法衣
12. 瘾
13. 某一阶级
14. 职业或是神职人员如神父
15. 修女的服装

v. 动词

1. 装扮，穿着
2. 住在，居住在
3. 给…穿衣服

英英释义

Noun:

1. an established custom;

   "it was their habit to dine at 7 every evening"
   

2. (psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition;

   "owls have nocturnal habits"
   "she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"
   "long use had hardened him to it"
   

3. a distinctive attire worn by a member of a religious order

4. the general form or mode of growth (especially of a plant or crystal);

   "a shrub of spreading habit"
   

5. attire that is typically worn by a horseback rider (especially a woman's attire)

6. excessive use of drugs

Verb:

1. put a habit on

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He is in the habit of rising early.
   他有早起的习惯。
2. I have to bear with his bad habit.
   我不得不忍受他的坏习惯。
3. My colleague has broken off the habit of smoking.
   我的同事已经戒掉了吸烟的习惯。
4. He has a habit of sunbathe for two hours a day.
   他习惯每天做两小时日光浴。
5. The honeysuckle has a twining habit.
   忍冬有盘绕的习性。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. Some of the things we do scarcely give a thought to; we just do them from habit.
   我们做某些事并非深思熟虑,而仅仅出于习惯。
2. After a few weeks of firm control, the teacher was able to relax his grip on the class, who continued to obey him out of habit.
   几周的严格管理后,这位老师终于放松了对这个班学生的控制,因为他们已习惯于服从他的管教了。
3. The habit is easily acquired but broken up with difficulty.
   这种习惯养成容易,摒弃难。
4. The habit carries over from my childhood.
   这一习惯从我小时候起就一直保持下来。
5. Now, not enough is being done to educate smokers about the benefits of stopping the habit.
   在教育吸烟者懂得戒烟的好处方面目前还做得不够。
6. Relatives should try to persuade smokers to kick the habit.
   亲属们应设法说服吸烟者戒烟。
7. Since theft has become his habit, he should be confined.
   偷盗既然成了他的习惯,就该把他关起来。
8. I declared war against the bad habits.
   我决心与坏习惯作斗争。
9. We must civilize away the boy's bad habits.
   我们必须教育这孩子使其改掉恶习。
10. He binds over to give up his bad habits.
    他发誓放弃坏习惯。
11. He has grown out of the bad habits of his boyhood days.
    他已长大了,戒除了儿时的不良习惯。
12. It is difficult to adjust one's habits to someone else.
    一个人很难使自己的习惯适于他人。
13. His tastes and habits coincide with those of his wife.
    他的爱好跟习惯恰好和他的妻子相同。
14. They often give talks, advising children to acquire hygienic habits.
    他们常常作报告,让孩子们养成良好的卫生习惯。
15. She was a young lady in a close-fitting habit.
    她是一个穿着紧身骑装的年轻女子。
16. The nun wears her own special habit.
    那修女穿着自己独特的服装。
17. His wife is already off the habit.
    他妻子已戒去毒瘾。
18. John has always been trying to keep up a cheerful habit of mind.
    约翰努力保持一种欢乐的性情。
19. Resistance is a natural habit of men who have been oppressed.
    反抗是被压迫者的天性。
20. It is a good habit to eat slowly.
    细嚼慢咽是个好习惯。
21. He made it a habit to take a walk after lunch.
    他每次午饭后总要去散散步。

～+of n./v -ing

1. The habit of obedience was burned into me as a child.
   我从小就养成了顺从的习惯。
2. We can't expect one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.
   我们不能期望一个人一辈子养成的习惯短时期就能改变。
3. In a new job, one should fling off old habits of thought.
   干一项新的工作就应该摆脱旧的思维习惯。
4. He has laid aside the habit of smoking.
   他已戒除抽烟的习惯。
5. It pays to study the events of the past, since history has a habit of repeating itself.
   研究过去的事件是有益处的,因为历史往往会重演。
6. He has a habit of biting his lips when he is puzzled.
   他感到困惑时有咬嘴唇的习惯。

经典引文

• Bolingbroke's Patriot King, dressed up in the habit of the elder Pitt.

  出自： H. J. Laski

• Two elderly women, habited in old-fashioned..mourning.

  出自： M. Innes

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

be in the habit of

习惯于…,有…的习惯 have a tendency to behave in a particular way or do particular thing
be in the habit of v-ing
Are you in the habit of rising early?

你有早起的习惯吗?
It was impossible to discuss anything private over the telephone, as the operator was in the habit of listening in.

在电话里不能谈私人的秘密,因为接线员有窃听电话的习惯。

break the/one's habit(s)

打破习惯 stop the habit

form the/one's habit(s)

养成习惯 start a habit of

get into a/the habit

学会; 养成…习惯 learn or become accustomed to

make a habit of

做(某事)成了习惯 do regularly; develop the habit of
make a habit of v-ing
He made a habit of taking a nap after lunch.

他养成了午饭后小睡的习惯。

pick up some〔any〕 habits

染上…的习惯 acquire or obtain by chance, or unexpectedly

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• acquire a habit 养成某种习惯
• become a habit 成为习惯
• break a habit 戒掉某种习惯
• build up habit 养成习惯
• change one's habits 改变习惯
• contract habit 养成习惯
• correct a habit 改正一种习惯
• cultivate habit 养成习惯
• cure a habit 纠正习惯
• destroy a habit 破坏习惯
• develop a habit 养成一种习惯
• discard habit 戒除习惯
• drop a habit 中止一种习惯
• establish a habit 养成一种习惯
• fall into a habit 养成一种习惯
• follow a habit 遵守一种习惯
• form a habit 形成一种习惯
• get rid of habit 戒除习惯
• implant habit 养成习惯
• inculcate habit 养成习惯
• keep a habit 保持一种习惯
• kick the habit 戒掉嗜好
• maintain a habit 保持一种习惯
• make a habit of 形成…习惯,总做…
• overcome habit 戒掉嗜好
• root up habit 改掉习惯

形容词+～

• abstemious habit 饮食有度的习惯
• bad habit 坏习惯
• correct habits 合乎礼仪的习惯
• foreign habit 异国风尚
• funny habit 可笑的习惯
• general habit 普通的习惯
• good habit 好习惯
• luxurious habit 奢侈的习性
• national habit 民族风俗
• old habit 老习惯
• personal habit 个人习惯
• strange habit 奇怪的习惯

名词+～

• cigarette habit 烟瘾
• dictionary habit 查词典的习惯
• dress habit 衣着习惯
• drinking habit 纵酒恶习
• drug habit 吸毒成癖
• living habits 生活习惯
• reading habit 读书癖
• smoking habit 抽烟的习惯
• tea habit 饮茶的习惯

介词+～

• from habit 出于习惯
• force of habit 习惯势力
• out of habit 出于习惯

～+介词

• habit of… 的习惯
• habit of mind 性情
• habit of smoking 吸烟的习惯
• habit of wild animals 野兽的习性

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. habit的意思是“习惯”,指某人有规律地经常做某事,如咬指甲、抽烟等,由于这种动作反复地做,久而久之形成习惯或习性,做时不用思索。有时也可指动植物的“习性”。既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。
2. habit有时也可表示“妇女的骑装,教士、修女等的服装”,在美国口语里还有“毒瘾”的意思。
3. habit后的定语可用“of v -ing”形式,但不可用to- v 。注意当句中有it充当形式主语或宾语,而以动词不定式作真正的主语或宾语时,该动词不定式可以置于补语habit之后。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

habit, custom

• 这两个词都有“习惯,习俗,风俗”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.custom指群体经过一段时期不断沿用而变成的习惯或惯例; habit指某个人反复地做某种动作,久而久之形成的自然习惯或习性,行动时不用思索。例如:
• This custom is on the decline.这种风俗渐渐消失。
• He has the irritating habit of smoking during meals.他有边吃饭边抽烟那让人讨厌的习惯。
• 2.custom有时也指个人习惯,这时与habit的区别是:habit常指不好的习惯,而custom则常指良好的习惯。例如:
• It is his custom to take a cold bath every morning.他每天早晨有洗冷水澡的习惯。
• He has a habit of biting his lips when he is puzzled.他感到困惑时有咬嘴唇的习惯。

habit, practice, usage

• 这组词的共同意思是“习惯做法”。其区别在于:
• 1.habit指一个人有规律地经常做某事,由于这种动作某人反复地做,久而久之形成自然习惯或习性,做时不用思索。
• 2.usage指多个人使用某物或做某件事的一种普遍方法。例如:
• It was common usage for dried fish to be wrapped in newspaper.用报纸包干鱼是一种普遍应用的方法。
• 3.practice常常表示一个人有意识地去“培养”而形成的习惯做法。例如:
• The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
• Armed with such a precept, a number of doctors may slip into deceptive practices.有了这样一条指导原则,一些医生可能渐渐习惯于采取骗人的做法。

habit，practice，custom，convention

• 这组名词一般含义为“习惯”。
• habit指个人的“习惯”，通常用于表示做事、思考问题或行为举止的不自觉的方式方法。
• practice既可表示个人的也可表示社会的“习惯”，这种“习惯”从性质上看是一种反复不断的或是有选择性的行为或者方法。
• custom具有 habit 和 practice 的一切含义，此外，custom 还包含这样一层意思：长期而广泛采用的行为或方法，即风俗习惯，按照某地区人们共同生活及其行为的准则或规范，它不仅有指导意义，而且具有必须遵循的意义。
• convention其实是其他3个词的近义词，它的含义为：固定的或公众一致承认的行事或表达思想的方法。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 他养成了喝酒的习惯。

   误 He has fallen into the habit to drink.

   正 He has fallen into the habit of drinking.

2. 他养成每星期四晚上拜访他兄弟的习惯。

   误 He has fallen into the habit to call at his brother's flat on Thursday evenings.

   正 He has fallen into the habit of calling at his brother's flat on Thursday evenings.

   析 habit后不能用动词不定式作定语,只能用“of n./v -ing”形式。

3. 汤姆习惯把手插到裤子的口袋里。

   误 It was a habit of Tom to put his hands in his trousers pockets.

   正 It was a habit with Tom to put his hands in his trousers pockets.

   析 句型It's a habit with sb to- v 为固定结构,其中with不可换为of。

词源解说

• ☆ 14世纪中期进入英语，直接源自拉丁语的habitus，意为特征，情况。

近反义词

【近义词】

• addiction
• bent
• constitution
• convention
• custom
• mode
• nature
• usage