defect

英 ['diːfekt] 美 ['diːfekt]

• n. 缺点；缺陷
• vi. 背叛

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]缺点,过失;瑕疵

   sth missing or imperfect;fault

v. (动词)

1. vi. 变节,叛变,脱离

   desert a political party,group,or country,especially in order to join an opposing one

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 缺点，缺陷，毛病，瑕疵，弊病
2. 不足（之处），缺乏，欠缺
3. 弱点，短处
4. 废品
5. 故障
6. 不良之风
7. 污点

v. 动词

1. 背叛，叛逃，叛变，变节，叛离
2. 脱离
3. 逃跑，逃走

英英释义

Noun:

1. an imperfection in a bodily system;

   "visual defects"
   "this device permits detection of defects in the lungs"
   

2. a failing or deficiency;

   "that interpretation is an unfortunate defect of our lack of information"
   

3. an imperfection in an object or machine;

   "a flaw caused the crystal to shatter"
   "if there are any defects you should send it back to the manufacturer"
   

4. a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something (especially on a person's body);

   "a facial blemish"
   

Verb:

1. desert (a cause, a country or an army), often in order to join the opposing cause, country, or army;

   "If soldiers deserted Hitler's army, they were shot"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. If it were not for this defect, I shall hire him at once.
   如果不是因为这个缺点，我会马上雇用他。
2. The new car had to be withdrawn from the market because of a mechanical defect.
   那种新汽车因有机械缺陷只好撤出市场。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. We thought that his troops might defect.
   我们认为他的部队会叛变。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. We must correct our defects as soon as possible.
   我们必须尽快纠正我们的缺点。
2. With all its defects the little play has a real charm.
   尽管有许多不足之处,这出小戏仍颇具魅力。
3. I bought the cloth cheap because there is a small defect in it.
   这布我买得便宜，因为上面有个小疵点。
4. He has some defects in his eyesight.
   他的视力有缺陷。

经典引文

• The excess of scepticism and the defect of enthusiasm.

  出自： J. Morley

• Your wife defected...Your wife is working for the bloody Russkies.

  出自： L. Deighton

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

defect from( v.+prep. )

背叛,叛离 desert
defect from sth
The politician defected from his own party and joined the opposition.

这个政客叛离了自己的政党而投向了对立的一方。

defect to( v.+prep. )

叛投,投靠 desert usually a nation and offer one's loyalty to (another nation or group)
defect to sth
Many writers, threatened with imprisonment,have defected to the West.

由于有被监禁的威胁,许多作家投向了西方国家。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• correct defect 纠正缺点
• cure defect 矫正缺陷
• develop defect 产生缺点
• exhibit defect 表现出缺点，显示出不足
• have defect 有缺点
• inherit defect 接受遗传下来的缺点
• make up the defect 弥补缺陷
• obviate defect 消除缺陷
• point out defect 指出缺点
• possess defect 具有缺点
• remedy defect 纠正缺点
• repair defect 补救欠缺
• suffer from defect 受缺点的影响

名词+～

• birth defect 不正常发育
• character defect 性格上的缺点
• eye defect 眼睛有毛病
• speech defect 语言发育异常

介词+～

• in defect 缺乏

～+介词

• defect in 在…方面的缺陷
• defect in character 性格上的缺陷
• defect in eyesight 视力不佳
• defect in system of education 教育制度上的缺点
• defect in the transmission 无线电播送上有毛病
• defect of handwriting 书写的毛病

词义辨析

n. (名词)

defect,fault

• 这两个词都有“缺点,缺陷”的意思。其区别是：
• defect强调不影响全局,完美不足,而fault强调不十分严重,无伤大雅; 用于人时, defect多指人体器官上的缺陷,而fault多指道德行为的缺点; 用于物时, defect指易于察觉的缺陷, fault则指功能方面的缺陷。例如:
• He has some defects in his eyesight.他的视力有缺陷。
• I bought the cloth cheap because there is a small defect in it.这布我买得便宜,因为上面有个小疵点。
• Snobbishness was his main fault.他的主要缺点是势利眼。
• I don't mean to praise myself.I have my fault.我并不是要表扬自己,我也有我的过错。
• His only fault is that he lacks ambition.他唯一缺点就是没有雄心壮志。
• This accident is due to a fault in the electrical circuit.这次事故是由电路故障引起的。
• There is a fault in the machine.这机器有毛病。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪初期进入英语，直接源自古典拉丁语的defectus，意为失败，反抗；最初源自此语的deficere，意为失败，应得。

近反义词

【近义词】

• flaw 瑕疵
• imperfection 不完美
• blemish 瑕疵
• fault 缺点
• shortcoming 缺点
• failing 失败
• weakness 软弱
• deficiency 缺乏
• desert 沙漠
• change sides 投到对方去
• abscond 潜逃
• go over 检查
• turn traitor 变成叛徒
• decamp (士兵)离营
• foible 小缺点
• bubble 气泡
• mar 破坏

【反义词】

• merit 优点