build

英 [bɪld] 美 [bɪld]

• v. 建造；开发；创建；逐渐增强
• n. 体格；身材

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 修建,建造

   make or construct sth by putting parts or material together

2. vt. & vi. 开发,创建

   develop sth; establish

n. (名词)

1. [C][U]体形,结构

   shape and size (of the human body)

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 盖，（被）建造，建筑，建设，修建
2. 发展，开发
3. 增进， （逐渐）增长，增强，加强
4. 建立，设立，创立，确立，树立，创建，创办
5. 生（火）
6. 从事营造业
7. 逐渐达到高峰
8. 扩大，逐步扩大范围
9. 培养
10. 砌起来
11. 制造
12. 为…打基础
13. 使成为，使发展
14. 构成同花、顺子等牌

n. 名词

1. 体格，（优美的）体形，身材
2. 构造，造型，结构
3. 骨格，骨骼
4. 成形
5. 肉体美
6. 身体
7. 头脸
8. 编好的程序

英英释义

Noun:

1. constitution of the human body

2. alternative names for the body of a human being;

   "Leonardo studied the human body"
   "he has a strong physique"
   "the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak"
   

Verb:

1. make by combining materials and parts;

   "this little pig made his house out of straw"
   "Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer"
   

2. form or accumulate steadily;

   "Resistance to the manager's plan built up quickly"
   "Pressure is building up at the Indian-Pakistani border"
   

3. build or establish something abstract;

   "build a reputation"
   

4. improve the cleansing action of;

   "build detergents"
   

5. order, supervise, or finance the construction of;

   "The government is building new schools in this state"
   

6. give form to, according to a plan;

   "build a modern nation"
   "build a million-dollar business"
   

7. be engaged in building;

   "These architects build in interesting and new styles"
   

8. found or ground;

   "build a defense on nothing but the accused person's reputation"
   

9. bolster or strengthen;

   "We worked up courage"
   "build up confidence"
   "ramp up security in the airports"
   

10. develop and grow;

    "Suspense was building right from the beginning of the opera"
    

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. That house is built of bricks.
   那座房子是砖造的。
2. They planed to build a new laboratory.
   他们计划建造一个新的实验室。
3. It is not an easy task to build a business.
   创业并不是一件容易的事情。
4. We should study hard to build a better future for ourselves.
   我们应该努力学习,为自己创造更美好的未来。
5. His analysis build up their confidence.
   他的分析增强了他们的信心。
6. We must build up a reserve fund to meet emergencies.
   我们必须逐渐积累一笔储蓄以备急需。

用作名词 (n.)

1. She really did not have the build for a ballerina.
   她实际上并没有一个芭蕾舞女演员的体格。
2. That girl is of proportional build and is beautiful.
   那少女身材匀称，长相漂亮。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. I would rather not build if I can find a suitable house.
   如果我能找到合适的房子,我就不愿盖了。
2. You can trust his word; he's been building for more than 20 years.
   你可以相信他的话,20多年来他一直在搞建筑。
3. The house is building.
   房子正在兴建。
4. The wind began to build and the sleet to blow about.
   风开始大起来了,雨雪四处飞扬。
5. The pressure for the President's resignation will build.
   要求总统辞职的压力将会与日俱增。
6. As the crisis built, a political aide acknowledged that Carter's image was suffering.
   随着危机的逐步加深,一位总统的助手承认,卡特的形象正在受到损害。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. They are building a house.
   他们在建造房屋。
2. Carpenters build houses and birds build nests.
   木匠盖房子,鸟儿筑巢。
3. I built a house last year.
   去年我盖了一栋房子。
4. In trying to build a house by himself, he had bitten off more than he could chew.
   他曾经试图独立建造房屋是不自量力的。
5. They are building a house of four bedrooms.
   他们在建一座有四室的房子。
6. The workers began to build another railway last month.
   上个月工人们开始建筑另一条铁路。
7. Reading builds the mind.
   读书能增长见识。
8. Hard work builds character.
   艰苦的工作可以磨炼个性。
9. They have built their economies at the expense of the other nations of the world.
   他们是以损害别国利益的办法发展他们的经济的。
10. Lifting weights will build arm and shoulder muscles.
    举重会使臂膀和肩部的肌肉发达。
11. In this way they helped us build our confidence in victory.
    他们就这样帮助我们树立起了胜利的信心。
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12. Lots of roads and bridges were built.
    很多桥和公路都修好了。
13. The house was built five years ago.
    这房子是五年前修建的。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

1. Mr. Green is building me a garage.
   格林先生正替我造车房。
2. The government has built us workers so many houses.
   政府为我们工人修建了这么多的住房。
3. He built me a model ship out of wood.
   他用木料给我做了一个轮船模型。
4. We shall build the children a playground this fall.
   今年秋天我们将为孩子们建造一个娱乐场。

S+～+ n./pron. +for pron./n.

1. He built a school for the blind.
   他创办了一所盲人学校。
2. They built a new library for us.
   他们为我们修建了一座新的图书馆。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. + adj.

1. We built our house very nice looking.
   我们把我们的房子建得很漂亮。
2. The bird built their nest very smart.
   小鸟把它们的窝建得很精致。
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3. The television was built flush into the wall.
   电视机安放得和墙平行。
4. It was built solid as a ship.
   它建得和船一样结实。

用作名词 (n.)

1. We are of the same build.
   我们的体形是属于同一类型的。
2. That young man has a very nice build.
   那个年轻人的体形很好。
3. The lady has a nice build, but she isn't beautiful.
   这个女的身材不错,可长得不怎么样。
4. The new schoolmaster has some build!
   新来的校长体形还挺不错呢!
5. She was in her early thirties, with a lean, athletic build.
   她30刚出头,一副精瘦的运动员体形。
6. With our build, it will be most appropriate for us to be turners.
   我们这种身体最适合当车工。
7. His build is too small for playing football.
   踢足球,他的个子太小了。
8. An elephant has heavy build.
   象的身体庞大。
9. These vessels are of European build.
   这些船是欧洲式的。
10. The house is of Italian build.
    这房屋是意大利式结构。

经典引文

• The difference in the build of ships now and heretofore.

  出自： S. Pepys

• A tall man, rather the build of Bernard Shaw.

  出自： M. Muggeridge

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

build in¹ (v.+adv.)

建造成(房间等的)一部分,使成为一部分 make (sth) a fixed part of usually a room; make (sth) a part of sth else
build sth ⇔ in
Ask the carpenter to build in some cupboards.

请木匠在墙上嵌几个食橱。
It will not be difficult to build wardrobes in if you want them.

如果你需要的话,在墙上修几个衣柜并不难。
The wardrobe in the front bedroom has been built in.

前面卧室里的衣橱已经镶建在墙壁之内。
The difficulties seem to be built in.

困难好像是不可避免的。
The open fields are now entirely built in.

空旷的田野现在都造满房子了。

build in² (v.+prep.)

建在… build at
build sth in sth
The cottage had been built in the shelter of trees.

房子建在树林里隐蔽的地方。

build into (v.+prep.)

将(某物或某人)变成(他物或另一种人)change (sth or sb) into (sth else or a kind of person)
build sth into sth
He took some nails and bits of wood, and built them into a rough cupboard.

他拿了钉子和木头,做了一只粗糙的食品橱。
He has built these scraps of metal into a very strange-looking sculpture.

他把这些金属碎片做成一个奇形怪状的雕塑品。
These cupboards are built into the walls.

这些食品橱是嵌在墙里的。
The difficulties are built into the work.

这些困难是该项工作所固有的。
The rate of pay was built into her contract.

报酬写在她的合同书上。 build sb/sth into sb/sth
He has built his boys into men.

他已把自己的孩子培养成人。
School has made the boy into a coward.

学校已把这孩子变成胆小鬼了。
Can you make this dress into a skirt?

你能把这件女服改成裙子吗？
If we buy the disused church, we could make it into an attractive home.

要是买下这座废弃的教堂，我们就能把它变成一所漂亮的住宅。

build of (v.+prep.)

用(某种材料)建造(某物) make (sth) from (a certain material)
build sth of sth
Some birds build nests of twigs.

一些鸟用小枝筑巢。
Before bricks were invented, people built their houses of wood.

砖没发明之前,人们用木头盖房。
They built the house of bricks.

他们用砖建造房子。
Houses in England are mostly built of brick or stone.

英格兰的房屋大都用砖石构制。

build on¹ (v.+adv.)

在原有的建筑物上增建 make (sth) as an additional building
build sth ⇔ on
They planned to build on a shed.

他们打算加盖一间茅屋。
They built on a little room beside the house for the old lady.

他们在这个房子旁边为这个老太太加盖了一间小屋。
We can build on an extension later if you want one.

如果你想要,我们以后可以扩建一部分房子。
The hospital is bigger now— they built a new wing on in 1977.

这所医院现在扩大了,他们在1977年加盖了一个配楼。
The annex has been built on to the main building.

主楼配建有附属的建筑物。

build on²〔upon〕 (v.+prep.)

依赖,一心指望 depend on; trust in (sth)
build on〔upon〕 sth
He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.

他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。 build sth on〔upon〕 sth
We built the house on our own land.

我们在自己的土地上盖房。
My father built his business on years of hard work.

我的父亲经过多年奋斗创立了自己的事业。
His argument is built upon facts.

他的争论是以事实为根据。
Their confidence will be built upon this success.

他们将在这一成功的基础上建立起信心。 build on〔upon〕 sth
Don't build upon his promises.

对他的诺言别抱希望。
All of us built upon his idea.

我们都指望他的主意。 build sth on〔upon〕 sth
Quite a lot of actors have built their careers on his plays.

相当多的演员曾经靠演出他写的戏剧为职业。
Don't build your hopes on the chairman's promises.

别把你的希望寄托在主席的诺言上。
Some nations built their hopes for peace on the talks between big nations.

有些国家指望着和平能在大国之间的谈判上实现。
The company built its hope upon the government's new policy.

公司寄希望于政府的新政策。
We should not build too many hopes upon their assistance.

对于他们的援助,我们不要抱太大的希望。

build out (v.+adv.)

增建(一座建筑物的另一部分) add (another part of a building)
build sth ⇔ out
After raising the money, the hospital was able to build out a whole new section.

那家医院集资后终于增建了一个完整的新区。

build over (v.+adv.)

在(某个地方)盖满建筑物 cover (a place) with buildings
build sth ⇔ over
The fields where I played as a child have been built over.

我孩提时代玩耍的地方已经盖满了房子。
The farmland has been built over.

农田上盖满了建筑物。

build up (v.+adv.)

宣扬,夸赞,吹捧(某人或某物) praise (sb/sth)
build up
The pressure on the enemy is building up.

他们对敌人的压力在不断加强。
Traffic is building up along the road to the coast.

通往海边路上的车辆不断增加。 build sth ⇔ up
The US is continually building up its armed forces.

美军正继续加强它的海军力量。
They built the wall up.

他们把墙加厚了。
You must build up your strength after your illness.

患病之后,你必须增强体质。
They are building up their military forces.

他们在集结他们的军队。
He has built up a good business.

他已使他的生意兴隆起来。
He has built up a good business over the years from a small beginning.

经过多年惨淡经营,他已从小本经营发展建立了一个大的企业。
We must build up a reserve fund to meet emergencies.

我们应当积累一笔储备金以应不时之需。
To learn a language well you must build up a useful vocabulary.

要学好一种语言,你必须逐步积累有用的词汇。
Many a large and big business has been built up from small ones.

很多大企业都是从小规模发展起来的。 build sth ⇔ up
The school has been built up since last year.

从去年开始,这个学校盖满了房子。 build sb/sth ⇔ up
The movie company spent much money building up its new picture.

电影公司花了大量的钱给新片子做广告宣传。
Don't build me up too much; I'm not really that talented.

别把我说得过分好了,我实际上不是那么有才华。
He's building me up too much— I may disappoint him.

他将我捧上了天,我可能令他失望。
Their products were built up everywhere.

他们的产品到处被宣传。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• build a bookcase 做一个书橱
• build a bridge 建桥
• build a chemical plant 建起化工厂
• build a dam 修筑水坝
• build a machine 制造机器
• build a model of ship 做轮船模型
• build a nest (鸟)筑巢
• build a railway 筑铁路
• build a tunnel 修隧道
• build an air-raid shelter 修建防空洞
• build an atom bomb 制造原子弹
• build boat 造船
• build car 制造汽车
• build castle 建城堡
• build huts 搭茅屋
• build military installations 修建军事设施
• build plane 制造飞机
• build ship 制造轮船
• build tents 安下帐篷
• build water conservancy works 修建水利工程
• build a new home 建立新家园,开创新的活动基地
• build a new life 开创新生活
• build a policy 确立一种方针
• build a system 建立制度
• build an administrative center 设立管理中心
• build an enterprise 创办企业
• build good relation with sb 和某人搞好关系
• build good will 使产生好意
• build modern industries 建立现代化工业
• build one's confidence in victory 树立胜利的信心
• build relationship 建立关系
• build the family 创立家业

～+副词

• build expressly 快速地建造
• build healthily 体格健壮
• build irrevocably 不可改变地形成
• build variously 不同地建造
• build in 建造成房间等的一部分,使成为(…的)一部分
• build on 在原有的建筑物上增建
• build out 增建,建立在…基础上,依赖,指望
• build over 盖满
• build round 四周盖满了房屋
• build up 建立,增进,振兴,改进,积累,扩大

～+介词

• build after 根据…建成
• build for 适合于…
• build from 根据…而建
• build into 把…建设成,使成为…不可分割的一部分
• build of 用…建造
• build upon 以…为基础

用作名词 (n.)

形容词+～

• heavy build 体形粗壮
• large build 身材魁梧
• modern build 摩登结构
• nice build 体形不错
• same build 体形一样
• slight build 体形精瘦
• slim build 修长的身材

介词+～

• in general build 总体结构
• with build 有…样的身材

～+介词

• the build of a passenger ship 一艘客轮的构造
• the build of a spaceship vehicle 宇宙飞船的结构

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. build的基本意思是把建筑材料或构件组合在一起成为各种建造物,这种建造物可以小如儿童玩具,大如摩天大楼。强调建造过程和所付出的劳动,尤指体力劳动。用于抽象事物时也表示如大建筑物般的建筑过程,强调通过一点一滴的增加以达到某种目的。引申可指“树立,确立”“增强”等。
2. build既可用作不及物动词,又可用作及物动词。用作不及物动词时可用主动形式表示被动意义；用作及物动词时后接名词或代词作宾语,有时还可接双宾语,其间接宾语可转化为介词for的宾语。build还可接以形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。build偶尔可用于被动结构。
3. build的过去式和过去分词都是built。

n. (名词)

1. build用作名词时意思是“体形,结构”,可指人的身体外在特点(如高、矮、胖、瘦等),也可指某物的外观(如样式、大小等)。
2. build可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。其复数形式为builds。
3. build前通常不加冠词。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

build, construct, erect, establish, found, set up

• 这组词的共同意思是“建造”“建立”。其区别是：
• build是本组词中最常用者,指一般的“建造,建立”,可以表示具体的、特殊的以及比喻的和抽象的意义; construct强调“复杂性”,不强调花费的劳动(特别是体力劳动),而侧重动脑筋解决建造过程中的问题,即“构思”;erect强调“高度”,即竖立起来;establish表示稳固、持久地建立起具体或抽象的事物;found着重在建立之前打下基础;set up着重起点。例如:
• The house was built of wood.这栋房子是用木头盖起来的。
• They are planning to construct an office building.他们正在计划建一栋办公楼。
• A skyscraper has been erected.一栋摩天大楼拔地而起。
• My father established this firm forty years ago.我的父亲40年前建立了这家公司。
• The house was founded on solid rock.这幢房子建在坚硬的岩石之上。
• When was this company set up?这家公司是什么时候成立的?

下面两个短语意思不同：

• build a library
• 建造一座图书馆
• build up a library
• 逐渐扩大图书藏量

build，construct，found，erect，establish，set up

• 这些动词均有“建设，建立，建造”之意。
• build普通用词，含义广泛，可指一切具体或抽象的建造或建立。
• construct较正式用词，强调根据一定计划进行的规模较大，结构较复杂，要求较高技术的建造。
• found侧重打下基础或创办，具体或抽象事物均可用。
• erect侧重指对高而垂直物的建造。使用不如build广泛。
• establish着重稳固地建成，可具体指国家、政府、学校或商店等的建立，也可指信仰、信用、名誉、法律、制度、规则等的建立。
• set up作“建立”用时，侧重于“开始”。可指具体或抽象的建立。

词源解说

• ☆ 1660左右进入英语，直接源自古英语的byldan，意为建造房子。

近反义词

【近义词】

• assemble
• construct
• erect

【反义词】

• demolish
• raze