迈尔，尤里乌斯·罗伯特·冯1814－1878德国物理学家，为热力学研究作出很大贡献 German physicist noted for his contributions to the understanding of thermodynamics.
变化，变异相律提供的，要求详述某一系统的平衡状态的热力学变量数目，如温度和压力 The number of thermodynamic variables, such as temperature and pressure, required to specify a state of equilibrium of a system, given by the phase rule.
焦耳，詹姆斯·普雷斯科特1818－1889英国物理学家，为热量机械理论奠定基础，并发现了热力学第一定律 British physicist who established the mechanical theory of heat and discovered the first law of thermodynamics.
