shrink

英 [ʃrɪŋk] 美 [ʃrɪŋk]

• vi. 收缩；退缩；萎缩；畏惧，害怕
• vt. 使收缩
• n. 收缩；萎缩
• n. 精神科医生

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vi. & vt. 收缩

   become less, smaller

2. vi. 退缩

   move back; show unwillingness to do sth

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 畏缩，退缩
2. 收缩，皱缩，缩水，减缩，萎缩
3. <美俚>精神科医师
4. 精简人员，缩编
5. 精神病学家，心理学家，精神病医生

v. 动词

1. 使收缩，使缩小，使皱缩，使缩短
2. 缩短，缩水，缩小，缩进，收缩，萎缩
3. 畏怯，害怕，退缩，畏缩
4. 变瘦
5. 回避，退避
6. 使变瘦
7. 弄皱
8. 减小，减少
9. 拉回
10. 变小，变少
11. 皱缩
12. 缩手缩脚，踌躇不前

英英释义

Noun:

1. a physician who specializes in psychiatry

Verb:

1. wither, as with a loss of moisture;

   "The fruit dried and shriveled"
   

2. draw back, as with fear or pain;

   "she flinched when they showed the slaughtering of the calf"
   

3. reduce in size; reduce physically;

   "Hot water will shrink the sweater"
   "Can you shrink this image?"
   

4. become smaller or draw together;

   "The fabric shrank"
   "The balloon shrank"
   

5. decrease in size, range, or extent;

   "His earnings shrank"
   "My courage shrivelled when I saw the task before me"
   

例句

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. Will this woolen sweater shrink when washed?
   这件羊毛衫洗后会缩水吗？
2. The company's profit margins shrank from 32.5% to 17%.
   该公司的边际利润率从32.5%降到了17%。
3. We will never shrink from difficulties.
   我们在困难面前决不退缩。
4. The economy is shrinking instead of growing.
   经济正在萎缩而不是在增长中。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. The hot water shrank my pullover.
   我的套头毛衣遇热水后收缩了。

用作名词 (n.)

1. You can expect some shrink when the jeans are washed.
   这种牛仔裤洗后要缩些水。
2. There has been some shrink in our export trade.
   我们的出口贸易已有些萎缩。

用作名词 (n.)

1. My aunt saw this shrink after her divorce.
   我阿姨在离婚后去见过这位心理医生。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. It shrunk.
   它变小了。
2. Washing wool in hot water will make it shrink.
   在热水中洗羊毛会使羊毛收缩。
3. The jeans will shrink in the wash.
   那些牛仔裤洗过以后会缩水。
4. How your gums have shrunk since your teeth were extracted.
   你的牙拔去之后,齿龈萎缩了不少。
5. The number of students of this school has shrunk.
   这所学校的学生人数在减少。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Washing wool in hot water will shrink it.
   在热水中洗毛线会使羊毛收缩。
2. Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?
   这种肥皂水会使毛织品缩水吗?

其他

1. It is so shrunk that it no longer fits me.
   缩水缩得穿不下了。
2. He is a short, shrunken old man.
   他是一个矮小干瘪的老头。

经典引文

• 'Vat seems to be the problem?' the shrink was saying.

  出自： A. F. Loewenstein

• Our western gable, where the boards had shrunk and separated.

  出自： R. L. Stevenson

• Her cotton frock..had shrunk in the wash.

  出自： E. Bowen

• The shadows of these trees had shrunk..contracting close about the trunks.

  出自： F. Norris

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

shrink by (v.+prep.)

因…收缩 become less or smaller because of
shrink by sth/v-ing
Meat shrinks by losing some of its fat in cooking.

肉在烹煮时,会因失去一部分脂肪而缩小。

shrink from (v.+prep.)

因害怕而避开 avoid (sth or doing sth) because of fear
shrink from sth
A brave fighter never shrinks from danger in executing an assignment.

一个英勇的战士在执行任务时决不害怕危险。
He shrank from a hard task.

他害怕艰巨的任务。

shrink with (v.+prep.)

因…收缩 become less or smaller because of sth
shrink with sth
He shrunk with cold.

他冷得把身子蜷缩起来。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+副词

• shrink modestly 谦虚地缩回
• shrink perceptibly 感觉得到地收缩
• shrink shyly 羞愧地缩回
• shrink visibly 明显地缩小
• shrink aside 退到一旁
• shrink away 退出
• shrink back 退缩,畏缩
• shrink up 缩拢

～+副词+介词

• shrink back before difficulties 知难而退
• shrink back from the horrifying spectacle 躲避恐怖的景象
• shrink back from the man 回避那个人
• shrink out of shape 缩得走了样

～+介词

• shrink at the thought of 想到…就畏缩不前
• shrink from 退避,在…前面畏缩
• shrink from dangers 遇危险退缩
• shrink from meeting strangers 怕见生人
• shrink from responsibility 逃避责任
• shrink in the wash (棉织品)洗时要缩水
• shrink into oneself 缩做一团
• shrink into a corner 缩进角落
• shrink to skeleton size 减少到最低程度
• shrink with cold 冷得缩成一团
• shrink with fear 吓得退缩
• shrink with water 缩水

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. shrink的基本意思是“收缩”“使…缩小”,指由于外部因素而引起的身体本能地抽回或蜷缩,也可指食物等因失去重量、水分等而萎缩,引申还可表示“退缩”,指因遇到困难而很不情愿地后退。
2. shrink可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语。
3. shrink的过去分词可用如形容词,在句中用作表语或定语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

shrink, compress, condense, contract

• 这组词都可表示“压缩”。condense指用一定的方法使物体聚缩得更紧密、结实或更浓厚、稠密,或减去不必要的部分使其体积变小,但不失去基本内容; compress指通过压〔挤,弄平〕等方式使物体变小或具有一定形状; contract指一物体由于某种原因或使用某种方法而使其体积由大变小或由长变短; shrink指长度、范围、容积等的收缩或变小。

condense，compress，contract，shrink

• 这些动词均含“收缩，压缩”之意。
• condense指将东西压缩得更紧密、紧凑，但不失去原有的内容。
• compress指把乱而不成形的东西压成一定形状。
• contract主要指以内、外部力量进行紧缩，也可用作引申。
• shrink侧重指因收缩而达不到原有的长度、体积或容积。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的scrincan；最初源自原始日耳曼语的skrenkanan，意为憔悴，枯萎。

近反义词

【近义词】

• compress
• contract

【反义词】

• expand
• swell