retain

英 [rɪ'teɪn] 美 [rɪ'teɪn]

• vt. 保持；保留；记住；聘请

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 保持; 保留

   keep; continue to have or hold

2. vt. 挡住

   keep in place

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 保持，保留，保住，留住
2. 挡住，拦住，止住
3. 记住；记事
4. 雇用，聘用
5. 保存；维持
6. 持有，继续拥有
7. 继续容纳，容纳
8. 买回（赛马中被拍卖的获胜马）
9. 继续干
10. 继续使用

英英释义

Verb:

1. hold back within;

   "This soil retains water"
   "I retain this drug for a long time"
   "the dam retains the water"
   

2. allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature;

   "We cannot continue several servants any longer"
   "She retains a lawyer"
   "The family's fortune waned and they could not keep their household staff"
   "Our grant has run out and we cannot keep you on"
   "We kept the work going as long as we could"
   "She retained her composure"
   "this garment retains its shape even after many washings"
   

3. secure and keep for possible future use or application;

   "The landlord retained the security deposit"
   "I reserve the right to disagree"
   

4. keep in one's mind;

   "I cannot retain so much information"
   

例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. His speech could not retain the interest of his audience.
   他的讲话不能保持住听众的兴趣。
2. I will retain my right.
   我将保留我的权力。
3. Does it retain the key elements of the original story?
   它是否保留了原作的关键要素?
4. She has a good memory and finds it easy to retain matters.
   她记忆力好,很容易记住事情。
5. He retained the best lawyer in the state to defend his case.
   他为他的案子聘了该州最好的律师。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. China dishes retain heat than metal ones do.
   瓷盘比金属盘能保温。
2. She tried to retain her self-control.
   她力图保持自我克制。
3. We shall retain our rights.
   我们将保留我们的权利。
4. This village still retains its old world character.
   这个村庄仍然保持着古色古香的特色。
5. She retains a clear memory of her schooldays.
   她对学生时代的事仍记忆犹新。
6. He finds it difficult to retain information.
   他发现记住信息很困难。
7. Her memory retained everything she read.
   她过目不忘。
8. They built a wall round the shore of the lake to retain the water.
   他们沿着湖边筑起一道堤来挡水。
1
9. The tickets for the cinema must be retained well by a careful person.
   电影票必须让细心人保管好。

经典引文

• Skin, which alone retained his hand to his arm.

  出自： A. Henry

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

retain on〔upon,over〕 (v.+prep.)

对…保持… keep (sth such as influence) over (sb or sth)
retain sth on〔over〕 sth
How does an aging politician retain his hold on the loyalty of the voters?

一个年迈的政客是怎样使选民继续支持他的呢?
His business has been taken over by a big corporation, but he still retains some control over it.

他的商店被一家大公司接管了,但他仍保留部分控制权。
The bank has taken further steps to retain control over the value of the pound.

这家银行已采取进一步措施来保持对英镑购买力的控制。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• retain an appearance of youth 看上去依旧年轻
• retain the characteristics of the working people 保持劳动人民的本色
• retain one's interest in life 保持着对人生的兴趣
• retain the memory of sb 仍记得某人
• retain a memory of one's schooldays 仍记得学生时代的情景

副词+～

• always retain 一直保持
• still retain 仍旧保持

～+副词

• retain basely 基本上保留
• retain gloriously 光荣地保留
• retain indefinitely 不明确地保留
• retain invariably 始终如一地保持
• retain righteously 正直地保留
• retain selfishly 自私地保留

～+介词

• retain on〔over〕 对…保持…

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. retain作“保留,保存,保持”解时是较为正式的用语,含有不失去的意味,指继续“保持”或“保存”某事物。可用于指保留贵重的物品,老人保持活力,记忆中保持一定的事实等。
2. retain是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。可用于被动结构。retain还可作“挡住”解。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

retain, keep, preserve, reserve

• 这组词都有“保存”“保留”或“保持”的意思。其区别在于:
• 1.keep指把某一事物置于自己的权力或管理之下; retain和reserve同义,均指继续“保持”或“保存”某事物, retain是较为正式的用语,还可指记住某事; preserve指把某物“收藏”或“保存”好。
• 2.retain含有不失去的意味; reserve则强调继续保持而不致失去; preserve强调防止破坏作用,要采取措施使某物完好无损或质量不变。例如:
• His business has been taken over by a big corporation, but he still retains some control over it.他的商店被一家大公司接管了,但他仍保留部分控制权。
• You'd better reserve your strength for tomorrow's climb.你最好留点力气明天爬山。
• Salt preserves food from decay.盐能防止食物腐烂。

keep，retain，reserve，preserve，conserve，withhold

• 这些动词均有“保持，保存”之意。
• keep最常用词，指长时间牢固地保持或保存。
• retain指继续保持。
• reserve正式用词，指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。
• preserve主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。
• conserve一般指保存自然资源，保全人的精力、力量等。
• withhold指扣住不放，暗示有阻碍。

词源解说

• ☆ 14世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的retinere：re (向后） + tenere (握），意为阻止，保留。

近反义词

【近义词】

• keep 保持
• hold 拿着
• preserve 保护
• maintain 维持
• save 救
• keep hold of 握紧
• hold on to 紧紧抓住
• hang on to 紧紧抓住
• recall 回忆
• recollect 回忆
• keep in mind 记住
• remember 记得
• employ 雇佣
• withhold 抑制
• keep back 隐瞒
• keep on 反复地做
• hold back 阻碍
• reserve 保留
• conserve 蜜饯
• continue 继续

【反义词】

• abandon 放弃