purpose

英 ['pɜːpəs] 美 ['pɜːrpəs]

• n. 目的；决心；意图；议题
• v. 打算；决意

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]目的,意图

   thing that one intends to do, get, be, etc.; intention

2. [C]作用,用途,效果

   a use; effect; result

3. [U]意志,毅力,决心

   ability to form plans and carry them out; determination

v. (动词)

1. vt. 有意,打算

   intend

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 目的，意图，用意，意向
2. 决心，意志，决意，毅力
3. 用途，效果，需要，好处，意义
4. 议题，论题
5. （进行中的）行动

v. 动词

1. 打算（做），想，计划
2. 决意，决心（做）
3. <书>意图，意欲，企图，有意

英英释义

Noun:

1. an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions;

   "his intent was to provide a new translation"
   "good intentions are not enough"
   "it was created with the conscious aim of answering immediate needs"
   "he made no secret of his designs"
   

2. what something is used for;

   "the function of an auger is to bore holes"
   "ballet is beautiful but what use is it?"
   

3. the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose;

   "his determination showed in his every movement"
   "he is a man of purpose"
   

Verb:

1. propose or intend;

   "I aim to arrive at noon"
   

2. reach a decision;

   "he resolved never to drink again"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. What is the purpose of your visit?
   你来访的目的是什么？
2. He was a man of purpose.
   他是一个意志坚强的人
3. I am sure that he came here with ill purpose.
   我敢断定,他这次来意图不轨。
4. What is the purpose of this meeting?
   这次会议的议题是什么？

用作动词 (v.)

1. He purposed to visit South America.
   他计划去南美。
2. We purpose making another trial / to make another trial.
   我们打算再试一下。
3. I purpose that next year I will go to Hong Kong .
   我意欲明年去香港。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The answer came pat to his purpose.
   答复正合他意。
2. I bought it for a specific purpose.
   我为特定的目的买了它。
3. Their exact purpose was not always evident to observers.
   他们确切的目的对旁观者来说并非总是显而易见的。
4. What you say is foreign to our purpose.
   你的话和我们的目的无关。
5. He was disappointed of his purpose.
   他的目的落空。
6. This machine serves a double purpose.
   这部机器有双重用途。
7. Don't waste your money; put it to some good purpose.
   你别乱花钱,钱要花在正事上。
8. Her approach to the job lacks purpose.
   她做这项工作缺乏毅力。
9. I know she is steady in her purpose.
   我知道她意志坚强。
10. A person who is weak of purpose cannot hope to achieve much.
    一个没有决心的人不可能指望有所成就。

～+in v -ing

1. He knew my purpose in writing this book.
   他知道我写这本书的目的。
2. His purpose in going to the US is to look for his uncle.
   他去美国的目的是找他的叔父。

～+of n./v -ing

1. This is the main purpose of my coming here.
   这就是我到这儿来的主要目的。
2. What's the purpose of our being?
   我们活着是为了什么?

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. They purpose a further attempt.
   他们意图做进一步的尝试。

S+～+to- v

1. I purpose to continue with the plan.
   我打算继续实施这一计划。
2. He purposed to become one of the world's leading conductors.
   他意欲成为世界领先的指挥家。
3. He purposes to visit America.
   他打算出访美洲。

S+～+ v -ing

1. He purposes writing a book on his travels.
   他有意写一本关于他旅游的书。
2. I purpose coming next week.
   我打算下星期来。

S+～+that-clause

1. I purpose that next year I will go to Hong Kong.
   我意欲明年去香港。
2. He purposed that he would marry after graduation.
   他意欲毕业后结婚。

经典引文

• Fair Helen told me..Of this their purpose hither to this wood.

  出自：Midsummer Night's Dream , Shakespeare

• Studied..with the purpose of profiting by their experience.

  出自： E. Wilson

• A meeting at the Summit may well have served its purpose.

  出自：Blackwood's Magazine

• Our purpose was to avoid casualties.

  出自：USA Today

• Does he also purpose great things?

  出自： H. Belloc

• They purposed to strike from Niagara.

  出自： W. S. Churchill

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

at cross purposes

彼此不合 not have the same idea or not agree with each other

for...purposes

为了…目的 for some intention

for (the) purpose(s) of

为了…目的 for some intention of (sth or doing sth)
for (the) purpose(s) of sth/v-ing
Did you come to Paris for the purpose of seeing your family, or for business purposes?

你到巴黎来是为了和家人团聚呢,还是为了办公事?
I wouldn't go to London for the mere purpose of buying a new tie.

我不会只为买一条新领带而去伦敦。
He came here for the purpose of borrowing money from you.

他特地来这里是向你借钱。
He would not sell them because he wanted to keep them for purposes of comparison.

他不愿卖掉它们,因为他想把它们留下来作比较用。

on purpose

特地,特有的目的 with a particular stated intention
on purpose
I'm sure nobody shot Jack on purpose.

我确信没人故意射伤杰克。
“Did you break it accidentally?” “No, on purpose.”

“你是无意中损坏的吗?”“不,是故意的。”
She seems to do these things on purpose.

她似乎是有意做这些事情的。
“I'm sorry I stepped on your toe; it was an accident.” “It wasn't! You did it on purpose.”

“对不起,我踩了你的脚趾了,我不是故意的。”“不,你是存心踩的。” on purpose to-v
I came here on purpose to see you.

我特地来这里看你。
He had gone there on purpose to see what happened.

他特地去那里看发生了什么事。
He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.

他来这儿是要与你讨论这事的。

serve〔answer〕 one's/the purpose

适合需要〔要求〕,令人满意 do what is necessary or required; be satisfactory

to little〔no〕 purpose

几乎徒劳地,毫无成效地 with little〔no〕 result or effect

to the purpose

中肯地 honestly

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• accomplish purpose 实现目的
• achieve purpose 达到目的
• answer purpose 符合目的,能解决问题
• attain purpose 达到目的
• bring about purpose 达到目的
• carry (out) purpose 实现目标,达到目的
• conceal purpose 掩盖目的
• cover purpose 掩盖真相
• defeat sb's purpose 挫败某人的意图
• disclose purpose 泄露意图
• effect purpose 实现目的
• execute purpose 实现目的
• fit sb's purpose 适合某人的意图
• fulfil purpose 实现目的
• gain purpose 达到目的
• meet purposes of 迎合…的意图
• miss purpose 达不到目的
• realize purpose 实现目的
• serve purpose 起作用,符合目的,能解决问题
• set up purpose 确定目标
• suit sb's purpose 适合某人的意图

形容词+～

• central purpose 中心目的
• chief purpose 主要目的
• commercial purpose 商业意图
• decorative purpose 装饰目的
• definite purpose 明确的目的
• direct purpose 直接目的
• double purpose 双重作用
• evil purpose 罪恶目的
• fixed purpose 固定的目的,坚定不移的宗旨
• good purpose 好的用途,卓有成效
• hidden purpose 不可告人的目的
• high purpose 崇高的目标
• little purpose 少有成效
• main purpose 主要目的
• military purpose 军事目的
• no purpose 毫无成效,毫无结果
• political purpose 政治目的
• practical purpose 实用目的
• primary purpose 首要目的
• real purpose 真正目的,真实的意图
• religious purpose 宗教的目的
• scientific purpose 科学的目的
• selfish purpose 自私的目的
• sole purpose 唯一的目的
• some purpose 相当成功
• temporary purpose 临时的目的
• this purpose 在这一意义上
• useful purpose 有益的作用

名词+～

• advertising purpose 广告目的
• business purpose 营业目的
• reference purpose 参考目的

介词+～

• for purpose 为…目的
• be used for ... purpose 用于…目的
• suitable for purpose of 适合…的目的〔用途〕
• for advertising purpose 为了广告的目的
• for business purpose 为了商业目的
• for defence purpose 为了防御目的
• for examination purpose 为了考试
• for literary purpose 为了文学目的
• for most purposes 在大多数情况下
• for religious purpose 为了宗教目的
• similar in purpose 目的相似
• of purpose 有计划地,故意
• a man of purpose 有坚强意志的人
• a sense of purpose 有坚定的追求的意志
• on purpose 故意地,为了
• with purpose of 以…为目的
• drift without purpose (某人)毫无目的地到处漂泊

～+介词

• purpose of art 艺术的目的
• purpose of inviting sb to dinner 请某人吃饭的目的
• purpose of this article 本文的目的

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• purpose a further attempt 企图做进一步的尝试

词语用法

1. purpose作名词指“目的”时，注意在for charitable purposes等词组中，使用复数形式purposes；
2. purpose作名词在for (the) purposes of travel等词组中也使用复数形式，且定冠词the通常略去；
3. purpose前面有物主代词时，注意后面跟介词in。

   My purpose in writng the book purpose.

4. 名词purpose的三种固定用法：be to the/little/no purpose，do something to some/much/no/little purpose，serve the/my purpose；
5. purpose作动词时，后面可跟不定式，动名词或that从句。

   I purpose giving/to give the committee all the details.
   我决定把细节都告诉委员会。

   We purpose that such disasters shall not occur again.
   我们决意不让悲剧重演。

n. (名词)

1. purpose的基本意思是“目的,意图”,指某人做某事所要达到的某一特定目标,也可指某一事物在某一活动或另一事物中所起的“作用”,还可指“意志,毅力,决心”。
2. purpose后可跟介词in,也可跟介词of。当purpose前是物主代词时,后面的介词要用in,而不能用of; 当purpose前是定冠词the时,后面的介词要用of,而不用in。purpose后不可跟介词for。
3. 在for...purposes短语中, purpose一般多用复数形式,表示泛指的“目的”; 在for purpose(s) of短语中, purposes一般表示泛指, purpose表示特指。

v. (动词)

1. purpose用作动词时意思是“有意,打算”,指在头脑中形成做某一事情的方案,使一切活动都朝着这一方案实施的方向发展。
2. purpose主要用作及物动词,后接名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或由that引导的从句作宾语。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

purpose, aim, goal

• 这组词的共同含义是“目的”,常通用,如aim〔goal,purpose〕 in life人生目标。它们之间的区别主要在于:
• 1.goal指比较宏大的总目标; purpose指近期比较确定的意图; aim指短期内比较具体、实际的目标。例如:
• He often asked himself what his goal in life should be.他常常自问人生的目标该是什么。
• Do you come here for the purpose of seeing your family or for business purpose?你来此地是为了看家还是为了做生意?
• Their aim was to take over industry for her.他们的目标是为她接管产业。
• 再如下面把aim和goal用在同一个句子里,其区别就更明显易见了：
• His aim was to pass his examinations this year and go to college so he could eventually reach his goal of being a teacher.他的目标是今年考上大学,以便最终实现当教师的抱负。
• 2.purpose强调“有意去做”(行动坚决); aim强调“集中精力去做”(联想“瞄准”)。在努力程度上, aim比purpose要弱。例如:
• I am afraid he did it on purpose.我担心他是有意这么做的。
• His only aim in life is to make a fortune.他生活的唯一目标是赚钱发财。
• 3.goal具有理想性,并不强调最后一定要实现; purpose和aim则暗示能够实现,这在动词aim for中体现最明显。例如:
• The presidency was the goal of his ambition.他的奋斗目标是当总统。
• His aim is to become a doctor.他的目标是当一个医生。
• 4.purpose可以由他人来完成; 而goal则往往靠自己去努力。例如:
• The purpose of a tutorial system was to let each student realize his own educational goal.导师制旨在让学生认清自己的学习目标。
• 5.aim不如goal和purpose生动。

purpose, object, objective

• 这三个词均可表示“目标”“目的”。其区别在于:object常指基于个人决心的目标,常较抽象; objective常指具体的、直接的或很快可以达到的目标,为正式用语; purpose为普通用词,既可指人们期望出现的结果,也可指为此进行的活动过程。例如:
• He has a definite object in life.他对人生有明确的目标。
• My objective this summer is learning to swim.我今年夏天的目标是学会游泳。
• The purpose was to halt the rise in the exchange rate of the Swiss franc.目的在于制止瑞士法郎兑换率上涨。

aim，goal，purpose，end，target，object，objective

• 这些名词均有“目标、目的”之意。
• aim从本义“靶子”引申而来，侧重比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标。
• goal指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标。
• purpose普通用词，既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的，又指心中渴望要实现的目标。
• end指心目中怀着的某种目的，强调结果而非过程。较正式用词。
• target指射击的靶，军事攻击目标。引申指被攻击、批评或嘲笑的目标。
• object强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。
• objective与object基本同义，但语义更广泛，指具体或很快能达到的目的，也可指军事目标。书面用词。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 这桌子没有宽到适合我们目的的程度。

   误 The table is not sufficiently wide to our purpose.

   正 The table is not sufficiently wide for our purpose.

   正 The table is not wide enough for our purpose.

   析 表示“为了…目的”“适合…目的”用介词for。

2. 我不是有意要伤害你的感情。

   误 I didn't want to hurt you on the purpose.

   正 I didn't want to hurt you on purpose.

   析 表示“有意,故意”,可以说on purpose, purpose前不带定冠词。

3. 这就是我们在这件事上发表意见的目的。

   误 This is our purpose of publishing our opinions on this matter.

   正 This is our purpose in publishing our opinions on this matter.

4. 他访问的目的是什么?

   误 What's the purpose in his visit?

   正 What's the purpose of his visit?

   析 purpose of sth 表示“某事的目的”; purpose in v -ing表示“做某事的目的或意图”。

5. 你去广州的目的是什么?

   误 What was the purpose for your journey to Guangzhou?

   正 What was the purpose of your journey to Guangzhou?

6. 他回家的目的是向父母问候。

   误 His purpose for coming home is to see whether his parents are well.

   正 His purpose in coming home is to see whether his parents are well.

   析 purpose后不可跟for短语。

词源解说

• ☆ 13世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的porpos： por (向前） + pos (放），意为放向前。

近反义词

【近义词】

• aim
• end
• goal
• intention
• object
• application
• use

派生词

v.(动词)

• purposeful adj. (人或行为)有明确目标的；果断的；坚定的‖purposefully adv. 果断地,有明确目标地‖purposeless adj. 无目的的；无意义的‖purposely adv. 故意地;蓄意地