promise

英 ['prɒmɪs] 美 ['prɑːmɪs]

• n. 诺言；预示；约定；(有)希望
• v. 允诺；发誓；答应；有希望

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 允诺; 答应

   undertake to do

2. vi. & vt. 有…希望; 预示

   give cause for expecting

n. (名词)

1. [C]承诺,诺言

   a statement, which sb else has right to believe and depend on, that one will or will not do sth, give sth, etc.

2. [U]希望,出息

   expectation or signs of future success, good results, etc.

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 允诺，诺言，承诺，保证
2. （有）可能，（有）指望，（有）出息，（有）前途
3. 允诺的东西，承诺的事情
4. （效忠组织的）誓言，誓约

v. 动词

1. 允诺，答应，做出保证
2. 有可能，有指望，有前途
3. 预示
4. 给人以…的指望
5. <口>向…保证，向...断言
6. <古>把（某人）许配（给）
7. 有…希望

英英释义

Noun:

1. a verbal commitment by one person to another agreeing to do (or not to do) something in the future

2. grounds for feeling hopeful about the future;

   "there is little or no promise that he will recover"
   

Verb:

1. make a promise or commitment

2. promise to undertake or give;

   "I promise you my best effort"
   

3. make a prediction about; tell in advance;

   "Call the outcome of an election"
   

4. give grounds for expectations;

   "The new results were promising"
   "The results promised fame and glory"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. Once he made a promise, he would stick to it.
   他一旦许下诺言,就坚守这个诺言。
2. I have committed myself and must keep my promise.
   我已经作出了承诺,必须信守我的诺言。
3. I don't trust his promise to come for a visit.
   我不相信他会如约前来访问。
4. For her family, life seemed to have no promise.
   对她家而言,生活没有任何希望。

用作动词 (v.)

1. I promise never to reveal his secret.
   我答应决不泄漏他的秘密。
2. I promise never to lie to you from now on.
   我发誓从今以后再也不向你说谎话。
3. I promise to return your bicycle on good condition.
   我答应一定完好无损地还你的自行车。
4. Dropping ears of rice promise another good harvest.
   沈甸甸的稻穗预示著又一次丰收。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. I can't promise.
   我不能答应。
2. I must phone your sister as I promised.
   我得给你姐姐打个电话,我说了给她打的。
3. The business promises well.
   生意看来很兴隆。
4. David promises well as an actor.
   作为演员,大卫很有希望成功。
5. He's engaged in a research that promised well.
   他正忙于一项很有前途的科研项目。
6. The rains have been plentiful and the crops promise well.
   雨水充沛,庄稼长势很好。
7. I think our teaching plan promises well.
   我认为我们的教学计划不赖。
8. From what little I've seen of your book so far,I would say that it promises well.
   仅就迄今我所见到的有关你这本书的情况来看,我敢说你的书很可能会受到读者的欢迎。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. I want you to promise me.
   我想让你对我作出承诺。
2. It is not that easy;I promise you.
   我向你保证,事情并非那么容易。
3. I don't remember I ever promised that.
   我记不得我答应过这件事。
4. The school authorities promised an immediate reply.
   学校领导答应立即答复。
5. The weather promises rich harvest.
   天气晴朗,丰收在望。
6. The clear sky promises fine weather.
   天空晴朗无云,看来天气会很好。
7. After trying all kinds of ways we hit upon a method that promised more success.
   在尝试了各种办法以后,我们终于找到了一种成功希望较大的方法。
8. I can't promise the moon, but I'll do the best job I can.
   我不能答应我办不到的事情,不过我要尽力去办。
9. A politician who promises the moon during a campaign loses the voters' respect.
   从政者在竞选中乱作承诺会失去选民的尊重。

S+～+to- v

1. We promised to bring them to the circus.
   我们答应过带他们去看马戏。
2. I promise to return your bicycle in good condition.
   我答应完好无损地还你的自行车。
3. He promised to help the people improve their livelihood.
   他答应帮助人民改善生活。
4. She promised to be a brilliant musician.
   有迹象表明她会成为出色的音乐家。
5. Autumn crops promised to be equally good.
   秋季作物看来收成也会同样很好。
6. It promises to be warm this afternoon.
   今天下午可望转暖。
7. It promises to be fine tomorrow.
   明天可望晴朗。

S+～+that-clause

1. I promised that I would write regularly.
   我答应我要经常写信。
2. I promised that I would come here on time.
   我答应准时来这里。
3. I soothed him by promising that he could return home in a week or two.
   我安慰他,答应他可以在一两周内回家。
4. He promised that the roof should be repaired within two weeks.
   他许诺房顶在两周内修好。
5. The government has promised that taxes will not be put up again this year.
   政府已经许诺今年不再增加税收。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

1. I want you to promise me one thing.
   我要你答应我一件事。
2. Mr. Priestly promised his students a holiday.
   普里斯特利先生答应给学生放假一天。
3. Mr. Green has promised his son a new bicycle if he passes the examination.
   格林先生答应如果儿子考试及格,就给他买辆新自行车。

S+～+ n./pron. +to pron./n.

1. I've promised the next dance to Jim.
   我已答应下一场和吉姆跳舞。
2. I can't give you the book; I've promised it to Susan.
   我不能把这本书送给你,因为我已经答应把它送给苏珊了。
1
3. This new watch was promised to me.
   这只新手表已经答应卖给我了。
4. I'm sorry; that house has been promised to some other young man.
   对不起,那间房子已答应租给别的年轻人了。

S+～+ n./pron. +(to-) v

1. You must promise me to take a thorough rest.
   你一定要答应我彻底休息一下。
2. He promised me to sing here.
   他答应我他在这里唱歌。
3. She promised me to try her best to help him.
   她向我保证要尽力帮助他。
4. She promised me not to forget to call on my mother.
   她答应我她不会忘记拜访我母亲。
5. I had promised Nancy to attend the lecture.
   我已答应南希参加演讲。

S+～+ pron./n. +that-clause

1. I promised Mrs. Neil that I could stop in at her home today.
   我答应内尔夫人今天我去拜访她。
2. He promised me that the work should be finished before evening.
   他许诺说,这工作要在晚上之前做完。

用作名词 (n.)

1. I should not have believed the promise of the boss.
   我本不该相信老板的许诺的。
2. He tried to put me off with a vague promise.
   他企图以含糊的许诺来敷衍我。
3. It's clear that what he said was a hollow promise.
   很明显他许下的是不兑现的诺言。
4. I'd like to come with you but that's not a promise; don't rely on it.
   我愿意和你一起去,但这不是允诺,别指望我一定去。
5. They drew the poor child on with false promises.
   他们以虚假的许诺来鼓动那个可怜的孩子。
6. We shall judge you by your actions, not by your promises.
   我们将根据你的行动,而不是你的诺言来评价你。
7. Don't build your hopes on the chairman's promises.
   别把你的希望寄托在主席的诺言上。
8. The politician's actions do not consist with the promises in his speeches.
   那位政客的行为与他在演说里所作的承诺不符。
9. The news of the war brings little promise of peace.
   战争的消息几乎没有给和平带来希望。
10. My son is showing great promise as a cricketer.
    我的儿子有成为一名板球手的希望。
11. You show promise as a musician but your lack of practice is keeping you back.
    你有希望成为音乐家,但是缺乏实践,影响你的发展。

～+to- v

1. They failed to fulfil their promises to revive the economy.
   他们没能实现使经济复苏的诺言。
2. My promise to lend you 50 dollars still holds true.
   我要借给你50美元的承诺仍然不变。
3. We shall always keep our promise not to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries.
   我们将始终遵守不干涉别国内政的诺言。

～+that-clause

1. We must have your promise that you will keep it to yourself.
   你必须答应我们你会保守秘密。
2. The politicians are bidding for our favour by making wild promises that they can't keep.
   政治家们为获取人们的支持而漫天许愿。
3. Despite their promise that they would bring down the prices, prices have gone on rising.
   尽管他们许下了降低物价的诺言,物价还是继续上涨。

经典引文

• Becket had broken his promise to submit to the Constitutions.

  出自： J. A. Froude

• Gladstone was able to redeem his campaign promise.

  出自： A. S. Dale

• He could make no promises.

  出自： A. Cohen

• The princes promised free constitutions to their people.

  出自： E. A. Freeman

• Not if they promised me a bucket of free quahogs.

  出自： S. J. Perelman

• He promised that if elected he would serve out his term.

  出自：Economist

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

promise away (v.+adv.)

答应送掉 give away by promising
promise sth ⇔ away to sb
He has promised most of his books away to his friends.

他已答应把他大部分书籍送给他的朋友们。
He has promised most of the money away to various people.

他已答应把这笔钱的一大部分送给了各种人。

用作名词 (n.)

break one's promise

食言; 不守诺言 fail to keep a promise

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• promise a dance (to sb) 答应(与某人)跳舞
• promise help 答应帮助
• promise oneself sth 指望获得某物,决心弄到某物
• promise rain 有希望下雨
• promise students a day's holiday 答应放学生一天假
• promise the moon 答应办做不到的事

副词+～

• always promise 总是许诺
• never promise 从不许诺

～+副词

• promise well 显示出成功的迹象,前景很好
• promise blandly 平和地允诺
• promise blithely 快乐地允诺
• promise casually 非正式地允诺
• promise cautiously 谨慎地允诺
• promise cheerfully 高兴地允诺
• promise definitely 肯定地允诺
• promise devoutly 真诚地允诺
• promise generously 慷慨地允诺
• promise faithfully 忠诚地允诺
• promise flatteringly 奉承地允诺
• promise frankly 真诚地允诺
• promise freely 随意地允诺
• promise graciously 有礼貌地允诺
• promise lightly 轻率地允诺
• promise optimistically 乐观地允诺
• promise publicly 公开允诺
• promise recklessly 轻率地允诺
• promise reluctantly 不情愿地允诺
• promise solemnly 庄严地允诺
• promise treacherously 不可靠地允诺
• promise unconditionally 无条件地允诺
• promise unquestionably 毫无疑问地允诺
• promise unwillingly 勉强地允诺
• promise usually 经常允诺
• promise vehemently 强烈地允诺
• promise away 答应送掉

～+介词

• promise on sb's honour 以名誉保证,与…订婚
• promise to 答应与…做某事

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• abide by promise 遵守诺言
• betray promise 背叛诺言
• break promise 违背诺言
• carry out promise 履行诺言
• claim promise 履行诺言
• find much of promise 发现很有希望
• fulfill promise 遵守诺言
• give promise 答应,作出诺言,保证
• give promise for future 预示将来成功
• give promise of 有…的希望
• give promise to 向…许诺
• go back on promise 收回诺言,违背诺言
• hold promise of 抱有…的希望
• hold some promise of success 有希望获得成功
• keep (to) promise 信守诺言
• make promise 作出诺言,保证
• make promise of 许下…的诺言
• make promise to 向…许诺
• obtain promise 获得保证
• secure promise 获得保证
• show promise 有希望
• show promise as pianist 有希望成为钢琴家
• stand to promise 守约
• violate promise 违背诺言
• withdraw promise 取消诺言,收回许诺

形容词+～

• bright promise 有希望的诺言
• brilliant promise 出色的诺言
• broken promise 违背了的诺言
• campaign promise 竞选时的诺言
• cheerful promise 欣然的许诺
• cheering promise 欣然的许诺
• conservative promise 保守的诺言
• considerable promise 重要的许诺
• deceiving promise 虚假的诺言
• definite promise 明确的许诺
• doubtful promise 含糊的许诺
• drunken promise 醉后的诺言
• earnest promise 真诚的诺言
• empty promise 空洞的诺言
• express promise 确切的诺言
• fair promise 好听的诺言
• faithful promise 忠实的诺言
• false promise 虚伪的诺言
• golden promise 重要的诺言
• good promise 好的诺言
• great promise 很大的希望
• implied promise 含蓄的诺言,默许
• irresponsible promise 不负责任的诺言
• sacred promise 神圣的诺言
• solemn promise 庄严的承诺
• verbal promise 口头保证
• written promise 书面保证

介词+～

• according to promise 根据诺言
• boy in promise 孩子有出息
• boxer of promise 有前途的拳击手
• youth full of promise 有希望的青年
• on promise of secrecy 按照保守秘密的诺言
• through verbal promise 通过口头保证
• under promise 立誓
• person with great promise 有出息的人

～+介词

• promise for good crops 有希望获得好收成
• promise of help 允予援助
• promise of secrecy 保守秘密的诺言

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. promise作“允诺”“答应”解时,是指作出口头或书面的许诺,答应别人自己去做某事,但仅指主观意愿,并不一定能实现或有实现的基础。
2. promise用作及物动词,其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句作宾语,也可接由名词、动词不定式、that从句充当直接宾语的双宾语,其间接宾语可以转换为介词to的宾语。
3. promise也可作“有可能”“给人以…指望”解,可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词; 用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。

n. (名词)

1. promise作名词的基本意思是“承诺,诺言”,是可数名词; promise也可作“希望,出息”解,可用来指人的出息,也可用来指事情有希望,是不可数名词。
2. promise有时可接动词不定式或that引导的从句来充当定语或同位语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

promise, allow

• 这两个词都可译为“答应”,其区别是：
• allow含义是“允许”,而promise含义是“应承”。例如：
• He has allowed me to come.
• 他允许我来。
• He promised me to come.
• 他答应我他会来。

promise, consent

• 这两个词都有“答应”的意思。其区别是：
• promise是“自己主动答应”这一概念,含有自觉主动的意味; 而consent则是“答应人家的要求”,含有被动的意味。试比较:
• Our director has promised to make a speech.
• 我们的主任已答应作个报告。
• (是他主动答应的)
• We asked our director to make a speech and he consented.
• 我们要求主任作个报告,他答应了。
• (是我们要求的)

promise, contract, covenant, engage, pledge

• 这组词都有“允诺”的意思。其区别是：
• promise指作出口头或书面的许诺,但仅指主观意愿,并不暗示一定能实现或有实现的基础; engage指在正式或重大场合用誓言、条约等许下有约束力的诺言或作出可以信赖的保证,尤指订婚; pledge指用行动或言语作出庄严的许诺或正式保证; covenant指订立双方或多方共同遵守的协议; contract指订立慎重并且通常有法律效力的合同或协议。例如:
• Our son is engaged to a nice young girl.我们的儿子已跟一位漂亮的女孩订了婚。
• I covenant to pay 5000 pounds a year to help rebuild the college.我立约保证每年将付5000英镑帮助重建学院。
• They have pledged that any detail given to them will remain confidential.他们已保证,给他们提供的任何细节将予以保密。
• Many councils are contracting out services such as rubbish collection to private companies as a way of cutting costs.许多市政会把垃圾收集这样的服务项目包给私人公司以减少费用。

promise, keep one's word

• 这两者均含有“许诺”之意。其区别是：
• promise指“许诺”,只指意图,而不指义务,只指美好的愿望,不指坏的意图; keep one's word则指作出promise后遵守自己的诺言。例如:
• He promised to come and see me today, but he failed to keep his word.他答应今天来看我,但他没能守约。
• I'll keep my word;I'll tell him everything.我将遵守诺言,把一切告诉他。

promise, permit

• 这两个词的共同意思是“允许”。其区别是：
• permit通常含有积极地、正面地“允许”的意义,例如通过法令或正式条文“允许”某件事; promise 作“答应”解时,含有“保证”之意,指答应或保证自己要做某一件事。例如:
• He has promised a thorough investigation into the affair.他已经答应彻底查办此事。

下面三句意思相同：

• They promised me an immediate answer.
• They promised me to give an immediate answer.
• They promised me that they would give an immediate answer.
• 他们答应我立即作出答复。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 看来这是一项困难的任务。

   误 It promised difficult job.

   正 It promised to be a difficult job.

   析 表示“有希望,有可能”, promise后接不定式时常限于to be...。

n. (名词)

1. 她有希望成为钢琴家。

   误 She shows great promises as a pianist.

   正 She shows great promise as a pianist.

   析 promise作“希望”“前途”解时是不可数名词,后面不应该加s。

2. 她答应帮助我。

   误 She gave me the promise of helping me.

   正 She gave me the promise to help me.

   析 表示“答应某人做某事”可说give sb a promise to- v ,在promise后须用动词不定式,不能用“of+动名词”结构。

词源解说

• ☆ 1400年左右进入英语，直接源自拉丁语的promissum：pro (以前） + mittere (放，送），意为誓言。

近反义词

【近义词】

• covenant
• ensure
• pledge
• swear
• assurance
• pledge