obligation

英 [ˌɒblɪ'ɡeɪʃn] 美 [ˌɑːblɪ'ɡeɪʃn]

• n. 义务；责任

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [U][C]义务,责任

   a condition or influence that makes it necessary for sb to do sth; a duty

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 义务
2. 责任，职责
3. 恩惠（项目），恩义，欠下的人情，人情债
4. 证券
5. 契约，合约
6. 偿付债务的款项，债务
7. 负担
8. 感激，感谢
9. 诺言
10. 约束，（合同、契约的）约束力
11. 帮助

英英释义

Noun:

1. the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force;

   "we must instill a sense of duty in our children"
   "every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty"
   

2. the state of being obligated to do or pay something;

   "he is under an obligation to finish the job"
   

3. a personal relation in which one is indebted for a service or favor

4. a written promise to repay a debt

5. a legal agreement specifying a payment or action and the penalty for failure to comply

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. We are invited, but we are under no obligation to go.
   我们是被邀请了,但并不意味着我们有义务一定要去。
2. Some people suggest that the old people's children have the obligation to look after their old parents.
   一些人认为：老年人的子女有义务照看他们的父母。
3. I have an obligation to keep secret for the taxpayer.
   我有责任为纳税人保密。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. A good citizen has certain obligation to society.
   一个好公民对社会有某些义务。
2. His social obligation compels him to make a round of visits.
   他的社会职责使得他不得不进行一系列访问。

经典引文

• A valid obligation could not be made with the Court of Rome without communication with the Pope.

  出自： G. B. Smith

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

under an obligation

有义务being compelled by law, etc.
be under an obligation to sth
She is under an obligation to her adoptive mother.

她有义务赡养她的养母。 be under an obligation to-v
Every player is under an obligation to keep the rules.

每个选手都必须遵守这些规则。 lay〔place〕 sb/sth under an obligation
The court laid the young thief under an obligation to report to the police station once a week.

法院强迫那个小偷每周向警察局报到一次。
Their frequent invitation places us under an obligation to invite them to our house for a change.

他们经常邀请我们,我们只好礼尚往来邀请他们到我们家。

under no obligation

没有义务not being compelled by law, etc.
under no obligation to-v
I'm under no obligation to do it.

我没有义务去做那件事。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• acknowledge obligations 表示感谢
• fulfil〔meet, perform〕 an obligation 履行义务
• lay〔place〕 an obligation on sb 使…承担义务
• repay an obligation 报恩
• undertake an obligation 承担义务

形容词+～

• legal〔moral〕 obligation 法律〔道德〕上的义务
• mutual obligation 相互的义务
• social obligation 社会义务
• international obligation 国际义务
• solemn obligation 庄严义务
• written obligations 书面契约

名词+～

• citizenship obligations 公民义务
• family obligations 家庭义务

介词+～

• free sb from an obligation 解除某人的义务
• lay sb under an obligation 施恩于某人

～+介词

• the obligation of citizens 公民的义务

词义辨析

n. (名词)

obligation, duty

• 这两个词都指“义务”, duty多指“永远的义务”,如duty to one's country; obligation指临时性或一次性的义务,如obligation to wipe the car。

obligation, responsibility

• obligation仅指对他人应尽的职责和义务,没有对自己应尽的责任的含意; responsibility则指一个人必须对后果负责的职责或义务。

duty，obligation，responsibility，function

• 这些名词都有“义务”或“职责”之意。
• duty指按道德和法律的标准，一个人永远要尽的义务，强调自觉性。
• obligation指道义上或法律上对他人的义务，强调强制性。也指因作出承诺而被迫履行的某种义务。
• responsibility指任何义务、职责、责任或职务上所应尽的本分，强调对他人的责任。
• function指因职务或职业关系去履行某种职责。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古法语的obligacion，意为义务；最初源自拉丁语的obligationem，意为约定。

近反义词

【近义词】

• charge
• duty

【反义词】

• choice
• freedom