miss

英 [mɪs] 美 [mɪs]

• n. [M-]小姐
• vt. 想念
• vt. 错过；漏掉

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 未击中,未抓住,未达到; 未看见,未领会

   … fail to hit, catch, see, understand, etc.

2. vt. 未出席,未赶上; 未能利用,失掉

   fail to be present at sth; arrive too late for sth; fail to take advantage of sth

3. vt. 发现遗失

   discover what is lost

4. vt. 避免

   avoid or escape from (sth unpleasant)

5. vt. 想念,惦记

   feel sorry or unhappy at the absence or loss of

n. (名词)

1. [C]错失,不中,未得

   a failure to hit, catch, hold, etc., that which is aimed at

2. [S]小姐

   (a title placed before the name of) an unmarried woman or girl

3. [S]女老师

   a woman teacher

4. [S]小妞,小姑娘

   a girl whose size is between that of a child and a woman

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 小姐（用于姓名或姓之前，对未婚女子的称呼）
2. 失败
3. 逃脱，幸免
4. 未击中，失误
5. （内燃机等的）不发火，缺火，失火
6. 少女，姑娘
7. <古>娼妓，情妇

v. 动词

1. 没找到，没遇到，未赶上
2. 未达到（某处），未接触到
3. 未看到，未注意到，未听到，未体验
4. 未理解，未领会
5. 惦念
6. 错过，失却
7. 失（约），缺（勤）
8. 未击中，未抓住，打偏
9. 未得到，未获得，失败，未达到目的
10. 发觉遗失，发现（某人）不在身边
11. 未做到
12. 逃脱，幸免于
13. 漏掉，略去，省掉
14. 缺少
15. 【医】（妇女）停经

英英释义

Noun:

1. a young woman;

   "a young lady of 18"
   

2. a failure to hit (or meet or find etc)

3. a form of address for an unmarried woman

Verb:

1. fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind;

   "I missed that remark"
   "She missed his point"
   "We lost part of what he said"
   

2. feel or suffer from the lack of;

   "He misses his mother"
   

3. fail to attend an event or activity;

   "I missed the concert"
   "He missed school for a week"
   

4. leave undone or leave out;

   "How could I miss that typo?"
   "The workers on the conveyor belt miss one out of ten"
   

5. fail to reach or get to;

   "She missed her train"
   

6. be without;

   "This soup lacks salt"
   "There is something missing in my jewelry box!"
   

7. fail to reach;

   "The arrow missed the target"
   

8. be absent;

   "The child had been missing for a week"
   

9. fail to experience;

   "Fortunately, I missed the hurricane"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. Miss Williams can read and write French very well.
   威廉斯小姐能够很自如地用法语看书和写东西。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. I do miss the children. The house seems as silent as the tomb without them.
   我真想念孩子们。他们不在家里显得太沉静了。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. It's the chance of a lifetime. You shouldn't miss it.
   这是一生中难得的机会，你不应错过。
2. He listened attentively so as not to miss a single word .
   他不想漏掉一个字，所以很用心的听了。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. I aimed at the black spot and missed.
   我瞄准了那个黑点,但没打中。
2. He took a cut at the ball but missed.
   他削球削了个空。
3. The engine kept missing.
   这台发动机老是熄火。
4. I'm afraid that he may miss.
   恐怕他会失败。
5. They missed their test.
   他们错过了考试。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. The bullet missed me by a hair's breath.
   那颗子弹差一点就打中了我。
2. The arrow missed the target.
   箭未能射中靶子。
3. He missed the 9：30 train.
   他没赶上9：30的火车。
4. He tried to catch the ball, but missed it.
   他想抓住球,但接漏了。
5. The goalkeeper just missed the ball.
   守门员差一点扑住球。
6. He missed the bank and fell into the water.
   他没有跳上岸,掉到水里了。
7. He seldom misses his aim.
   他难得有一次没有达到目的。
8. He hammered away, but half the time he missed the nail.
   他用锤一个劲地敲,可是多半都没敲在钉子上。
9. As two of my answers missed the mark,I can't get a good grade this time.
   因为我有两个问题没有答上,这次我得不了好分。
10. He missed the point of my joke.
    他没有领会我的笑话好笑在什么地方。
11. She missed him in the crowd.
    她没有在人群中看到他。
12. I missed the first part of the speech.
    我没听到报告的第一部分。
13. He missed his only chance.
    他错过了唯一的机会。
14. He arrived late and missed his appointment with the doctor.
    他到晚了,错过了和医生预约的时间。
15. Please be quiet.I don't want to miss a word of the news on the radio.
    请安静,收音机的新闻广播我一个字也不想漏掉。
16. I nearly missed my flight.
    我差点误了班机。
17. He's missed school three days this week.
    本周他缺了3天课。
18. I was sorry to miss you when I called.
    我来拜访你时,发现你不在,很遗憾。
19. I didn't miss my umbrella until I got off the bus.
    下公共汽车后我才发现伞不见了。
20. The two boys miss their father a great deal.
    这两个男孩非常惦念他们的父亲。
21. I miss you terribly!
    我多么惦记你呀!
22. We have missed you badly since you were gone.
    自你走后我们非常惦念你。
23. I miss everything in my hometown.
    我怀念家乡的一切。
24. He missed the sunshine when he returned to England after five years in a hot country.
    他在炎热的国家住了5年回到英国后便怀念那里的阳光。
25. I have not missed cigarettes a bit.
    我一点都不想抽烟了。

S+～+ v -ing

1. I don't want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.
   我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。
2. He never missed attending the lectures.
   他从未缺席过这些讲座。
3. The two cars narrowly missed hitting each other.
   那两辆车险些相撞。
4. He just missed going to jail.
   他差点进监狱。
5. We only just missed having a nasty accident.
   我们差一点发生了一场严重事故。
6. I just missed burning my hands.
   差点烧着我的手。
7. He narrowly missed being run over by a car.
   他差点儿被汽车压死。
8. He almost missed being allowed to fly in space.
   差点没让他去作宇宙飞行。
9. I miss living in the country.
   我怀念以前住在农村的日子。

其他

v -ing as s-Compl.

1. One boat is missing.
   一只船失踪了。
2. My notebook is missing.I've just discovered it.
   我的笔记本丢失了。我刚刚才发现。

v -ing as Attrib.

1. They started off at once in search of the missing girl.
   他们立即出发去寻找丢失的女孩。
2. Newspaper reporters have been asking about the missing child all day.
   新闻记者整天都在打听有关那失踪孩子的消息。
3. The aggressor troops marched into the neighbouring country on the pretext of searching for their missing soldier.
   侵略军开进一个邻国,借口寻找他们失踪的士兵。

v -ing as o-Compl.

1. He flew into a temper when he found the stamps missing from the letters.
   他发现信封上的邮票没有了,大发脾气。

用作名词 (n.)

1. A miss is as good as a mile.
   失之毫厘,差之千里。
2. It's hit or miss.
   好歹一试。
3. He could hit his target one hundred times without a single miss.
   他打靶能百发百中。
4. She thought she was going to have a baby, but only had a miss.
   她感到快要生孩子了,然而却流产了。
5. That was a lucky miss.
   得免于难,真是侥幸。
6. The shop-assistant was sick,Miss Baker filled in for him.
   售货员病了,贝克小姐替他售货。
7. Miss Mary has been a governess in that family for years.
   玛丽小姐已在那家当了多年家庭教师了。
8. Mr. Brown and Miss Wilson were married this morning by a priest.
   一位牧师今天上午为布朗先生和威尔逊小姐主持了婚礼。
9. My brother married Miss Jenny.
   我哥哥与珍妮小姐结婚。
10. Today, in the second round of women's doubles, they'll meet Mrs.White and Miss Sandy of England.
    在今天的女子双打第二轮比赛中,她们将迎战英格兰的怀特夫人和桑迪小姐。
11. The Misses Green are sisters.
    格林小姐们是姊妹。
12. Good morning,Miss!
    老师,您早!
13. Two cups of coffee, miss.
    两杯咖啡,小姐。
14. Jenny is a pretty miss.
    珍妮是个漂亮的小妞。
15. She is a saucy little miss!
    她是个黄毛丫头!
16. She was a French miss engaged to tutor his children.
    她是受聘来当孩子家庭教师的法国姑娘。

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

miss by (v.+prep.)

差…就成功做… lose a chance beyond time, distance, etc.
miss sb/sth/v-ing by sth
The bullet missed me by two inches.

子弹只差两英寸就射中我了。
They missed the train by three minutes.

他们晚了3分钟,没有赶上火车。
We only missed seeing each other by five minutes.

我们仅差5分钟而没有见上面。

miss out (v.+adv.)

不理睬(某人) pay no attention to (sb)
miss sb/sth ⇔ out
Don't miss out your brother when you send round the invitations.

发送请帖时不要把你兄弟给漏了。
Take care to spell every word right.You missed out the “d” from “bridge”.

注意把每个词都拼写正确,你把bridge中的d漏掉了。
You may miss out the third paragraph of the article while reading it.

你读这篇文章时可略去第3段。
The typist has missed out a line because of her carelessness.

打字员由于粗心漏掉了一行。
I've missed your name out by mistake.

我不小心把你的名字漏掉了。
I read the letter to her, and deliberately missed out certain lines.

我把那封信读给她听,有意略去某些话。
His account of the accident misses out one or two important facts.

他写的事故报告漏述了一两项重要事实。
I'll miss out the sweet course.

我不想吃这道甜食了。 miss out
If I don't go to the party,I shall feel I'm missing out.

如果我不去参加聚会,我将会感到错失良机。 miss out on sth
He missed out on a chance to go to college because of his ill health.

他因身体不好,失去了上大学的机会。
Living in the country,I often feel that I am missing out on the activities of city life.

我住在乡下,常常感到没有机会参加城市生活的活动。 miss sth ⇔ out
Jacelin missed out all the fun because of his broken leg.

杰斯林因为腿骨折而错过了享受这一切乐趣的机会。 miss sb ⇔ out
It was Cage's own fault if she felt missed out at the party; she made no effort to be friendly to people.

如果凯奇觉得在聚会上受了冷落那是她自己找的,她对别人就没有友好地表示过。

用作名词 (n.)

give a miss

避开; 不去干某事 avoid; not to do sth
give sb/sth a miss
Why did you give him a miss?

你为什么躲避他?
I think I'll give the fish course a miss.

我想免去鱼这道菜。
I usually go swimming on Mondays, but I've decided to give it a miss this week.

我通常逢星期一去游泳,但我决定本星期不去了。
I'm tired—I think I'll give the film a miss.

我太累了——我想不去看电影了。
I'll give the sweet course a miss.

这道甜食我不吃了。

near miss

幸免 situation where one just avoids or escape from, some mishap

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• miss a ball 没接到球
• miss a catch 没接着球,接漏
• miss a small detail 错过一个细节
• miss a word 漏掉一个单词
• miss an accident 免于事故
• miss an appointment 失约
• miss attendance 未出席
• miss fire 枪炮打不响,俏皮话不好笑,得不到预想的效果
• miss one's aim 没达到目的
• miss one's classes 缺课
• miss one's dinner 吐饭
• miss one's footing 失足,踏空
• miss one's hold 松手
• miss one's mark 没打中目标,没达到原定的目的,失败
• miss one's tip 出岔子,没达到目的
• miss one's way 迷路
• miss plant 不发芽
• miss school 没有到校上课
• miss stays 船抢风失败
• miss the ball 未击中球
• miss the boat 错过机会
• miss the bus 失掉机会,遭受失败
• miss the chance 错过机会
• miss the deadline 错过截止日期
• miss the farming season 误农时
• miss the goal 未射中球门
• miss the mark 没打中目标
• miss the notice 没看到通知
• miss the point 不懂这点
• miss the start of the movie 错过了电影的开头
• miss the target 未打中目标
• miss the train 未赶上火车

副词+～

• never miss 从未错过
• seldom miss 很少错过

～+副词

• miss accidentally 偶尔错过
• miss badly 非常惦念
• miss barely 差一点击中
• miss completely 完全错过
• miss coincidentally 一致惋惜
• miss dreadfully 恐怕错过
• miss narrowly 差一点错过
• miss possibly 可能错过
• miss seriously 严重地错过
• miss sorely 极其想念
• miss terribly 非常惦念
• miss tragically 悲伤地错过
• miss unavoidably 不可避免地错过
• miss out 省略,遗漏,错过机会,不理睬(某人)

～+介词

• miss by 差多少就成功做…

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• feel the miss of sth 感到有所失
• give sth a miss 避开某物,省去某物

形容词+～

• lucky miss 侥幸的逃脱,幸免于难
• near miss 接近击中
• bread-and-butter miss 天真无邪的小姑娘
• elderly miss 上了年纪的小姐
• lovely young miss 可爱的小姑娘
• perky miss 傲慢的姑娘
• pert miss 冒失的姑娘
• saucy miss 莽撞的姑娘
• school misses 女中学生
• slim miss 苗条女郎

～+名词

• M- Florida 佛罗里达最佳小姐
• M- Smith 史密斯小姐

词语用法

1. miss指“错过”时，后面跟动名词，而不是不定式。

   We missed visiting the town.
   不可说We missed to visit the town.

2. miss或miss out指“漏掉”时，可以指无意的，也可以指故意的。

   I narrowly missed being hurt by a car yesterday.
   昨天我差点被汽车撞了。

   When you copy the poem, please miss （out） the second stanzas.
   当你抄这首诗时，请把第二个诗节省略。

3. miss作不及物动词时，其分词missing被用作形容词表示be absent。

   The girl is missing.
   小女孩失踪了。

4. Miss指“小姐”时，用在姓前面，指一家姐妹中年纪最大的。例如称Ellen Butler为Miss Butler而不是Miss Ellen Butler或Miss Ellen Butler。对已嫁的女子不能说Miss，寡妇也不能说Miss而是Mrs。可以用Miss ...或the Misses ...指代一家的姐妹们，如the Miss Butlers或the Misses Butler，后者比较旧式而正式。说到一家的姐妹们各人的名宇，或不同姓的每个小姐时，可说the Misses ...，如the Misses Ellen and Helen Butler或the Misses Butler and Bullen。也可以用Miss Ellen Butler and Miss Helen Butler或Miss Butler and Miss Bullen。

v. (动词)

1. miss的基本意思是没能达到某人的既定目标,可以表示“没打中”“没猜中”“没到手”“没拿到”“没赶上”“没看到”“达不到标准”“不守约”“不尽义务”“发觉不在”“惦念”“避免”“失败”等。
2. miss既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
3. miss还可表示渴望做到而未做到或无法做到,这时常接动名词作宾语。
4. miss的现在分词missing可用作形容词,在句中作定语、表语或宾语补足语。

n. (名词)

1. miss用作名词时可作“错失,不中,未得”解，也可作“小姐”解,是作“错失,不中”解的miss的同形异源异义词,用于姓名或姓之前,是对未婚或婚姻状况不明的女子的称呼,也可用作选美会上优胜者的头衔,首字母要大写。
2. miss还可用于小学生对女教师、顾客对女店员、主人对佣人的称呼。
3. miss作为戏谑语可译为“小妞,小姑娘”。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

miss, lose, mislay

• 这三个动词都有“丢失”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.lose语气较强,是常用语,指偶然遗失东西,而且暗示永远失去。用作及物动词时,后面常接钱财、物品、机会等名词。
• 2.miss意义专一,指人们察觉到东西已经丢失,含有可能找回之义,可以用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词,其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或从句。例如:
• He fired two shots, both missed.他打了两枪,都没有打中。
• I didn't miss the key until I got home and found it wasn't in my bag.直到我回到家,想从包里拿钥匙时,才发现它不见了。
• I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.那电影在学校放映时我没有去看。
• It seems that we have missed our chance.好像我们已失去了机会。
• 3.mislay指把某物放在想不起来的地方,也可作“遗失”解。例如:
• Oh dear,I've mislaid my glasses again.哎呀!我又忘记把我的眼镜放在什么地方了。

miss, fail

• 这两个词都可以作“不成”解。其区别在于:miss通常要搭用动名词短语; 而fail通常要搭用动词不定式。例如:
• The squirrel was lucky that it missed being caught.那个松鼠很幸运,恰好没有被抓住。
• I have failed to catch the train.我没有搭上那班火车。

lose，miss，misplace

• 这些动词均有“丢失、遗失”之意。
• lose最普通用词，侧重遗失了，难以找回来。
• miss着重发觉某人或某物不见的瞬间，也可作思念解。
• misplace指反映东西放错或故意放错地方。

madam，Mrs，lady，miss

• 这些名词均表示对女性的尊称。
• madam夫人、太太，女士，小姐，与尊称男人的用词sir相对，多用于对已婚或未婚妇女的礼貌称呼，如店员对女顾客的称呼，后面不加姓名。如果已知对方的身份或姓名可在此词后面加上姓名或职位。
• Mrs太太，夫人，是mistress的缩略形式，对已婚妇女的称呼。
• lady女士，夫人，与gentleman相对，是对女性的礼貌称呼，多用于演讲或祝酒时称呼在场的女性。
• miss小姐，是对未婚或不知婚姻状况的女性的称呼，与姓氏连用时应大写。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 我没看过那部电影。

   误 I missed to see that movie.

   正 I missed seeing that movie.

   析 miss作“错过”解时,是及物动词,可接名词、代词或动名词作其宾语,不能用动词不定式。

2. 他们在森林里迷了路。

   误 They missed their way in the forest.

   正 They lost their way in the forest.

   析 miss和lose都有“迷失”的含义,但在lose one's way固定词组中不能换用成miss。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的missan，意为未击中；最初源自古日耳曼语的missjan，意为错误，弄错。另一个做‘小姐’称呼之意，1645年进入英语，原意为‘妓女’。

近反义词

【近义词】

• avoid
• escape
• leave out
• let go
• lose
• mistake
• omit
• skip
• long for
• mourn
• pine for
• want
• girl
• kid
• maid

【反义词】

• have 已经
• hit 打（击）
• attend 出席
• find 发现