experiment

英 [ɪk'sperɪmənt] 美 [ɪk'sperɪmənt]

• n. 试验；实验；尝试
• vi. 尝试；做实验

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C][U]实验,试验

   trial made in order to learn sth or prove the truth of an idea

v. (动词)

1. vi. 做试验; 试验

   make experiments; try to find out

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 试验
2. 实验
3. 尝试
4. 考验
5. 会晤
6. 科研设备，仪器，实验用的仪器
7. 实践
8. 实验的进行
9. 实验法

v. 动词

1. 进行实验，做实验
2. 试验，进行试验，做试验
3. 尝试
4. 试用

英英释义

Noun:

1. the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation

2. the testing of an idea;

   "it was an experiment in living"
   "not all experimentation is done in laboratories"
   

3. a venture at something new or different;

   "as an experiment he decided to grow a beard"
   

Verb:

1. to conduct a test or investigation;

   "We are experimenting with the new drug in order to fight this disease"
   

2. try something new, as in order to gain experience;

   "Students experiment sexually"
   "The composer experimented with a new style"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The researchers are repeating the experiment on rats.
   研究人员用老鼠反覆做该试验。
2. The students will have an experiment in the laboratory tomorrow.
   学生们明天要在实验室里做实验。
3. Fortunately, these folks love to experiment.
   幸运的是，你们喜欢尝试。
4. With Multiple Level Undo you can safely experiment with various what-if scenarios.
   使用多级撤消可以安全地尝试各种假设分析方案。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. Small businesses are anxious to experiment with computers.
   小型企业都急于试用计算机。
2. Is he any good at gardening? We might experiment with him.
   他擅长园艺吗? 我们可以试试他。
3. Some scientists experiment on animals.
   有些科学家用动物做试验。
4. Don't experiment with such dangerous drugs.
   不要用这种危险的药物做实验。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. An experiment was carried out to check up on the reliability of certain criteria.
   进行了一项实验以检查某些标准的可靠性。
2. He argued that the experiment could be done in another way.
   他论证说这项实验可以换一种方法进行。
3. Some experiments are difficult while others are easy.
   有些实验是难的,而其他实验是容易的。
4. His experiments have laid a solid basis for further research.
   他的实验为进一步研究打下了坚实的基础。
5. We have just tried an experiment in chemistry.
   我们刚才试做了一个化学实验。
6. We have never doubted the success of our experiment.
   我们的实验会成功,对于这一点我们从未怀疑过。
7. His opportunities for experiment were naturally limited in these months.
   供他试验的机会自然只限于这些月份。
8. We have never shown our disappointment at the failure in the experiment.
   我们从未对实验失败表示灰心。
9. Fred was employed by way of experiment.
   费雷特是作为试用而被雇用的。
10. They began a series of experiments in high explosives.
    他们开始做一系列烈性炸药的试验。
11. If you want to gain knowledge, you must take advantage of the experiment.
    你要想获得知识,你就得利用这个实验。
12. The results of the experiment were not interesting enough to be published.
    要公布这个实验结果是不足以令人发生兴趣的。
13. The doctor made an experiment on himself.
    那医生在自己身上做试验。
14. Both students have made a good few experiments on electricity.
    这两个学生都做了不少电学实验。
15. He had his experiment report all written out neatly.
    他请人把实验报告写得清清楚楚。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. My wife experiments on me before she serves a new dish to our guests.
   我妻子在请客人吃她烧的一种新菜肴以前,总是先让我尝尝。

经典引文

• He..visited other labs to see which new experiments had been done.

  出自： J. D. Watson

• He had..experimented their theories in his laboratory.

  出自： S. Leslie

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

by experiment

用实验; 从试验中 with experiment; from experiment

carry out the experiment

进行试验 do an experiment

do〔make〕 an experiment

做实验 make experiment

perform an experiment

允诺去做一次实验 promise to do an experiment

用作动词 (v.)

experiment in (v.+prep.)

做…的实验 make an experiment of sth as its subject
experiment in v-ing
He experimented in painting at home.

他在家中试着作画。
We experimented in putting oil and water together, and we saw that they did not mix.

我们把油和水放在一起做实验,结果看到它们不相融合。

experiment on〔upon〕 (v.+prep.)

在…上做实验 make an experiment with sth as its subject
experiment on〔upon〕 sb/sth
Why are you experimenting upon the students in this particular class?

你为什么单单要拿这个班的学生做试验呢?
Many people disapprove of scientists who experiment on animals.

许多人不赞成科学家在动物身上做试验。

experiment with (v.+prep.)

以…做试验 make an experiment with sth as its means
experiment with sb/sth
Is he any good at gardening?We might experiment with him.

他擅长园艺吗?我们可以试试他。
Scientists experiment with rats in order to discover facts about human behaviour.

科学家为了发现有关人的行为情况用老鼠进行实验。
She is experimenting with different typewriters to see which one suits her best.

她正在试用各种不同的打字机,看哪一种最适合。
That man is experimenting with dyes to get the colour he wants.

那个人正试验各种染料以获得他想要的颜色。
She experimented with different kinds of face-cream before she found one she liked.

在她挑选出她所喜欢的面霜之前,她试用过多种。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• attempt the experiment of 试图对…进行试验,对…进行尝试
• begin an experiment 开始实验〔试验〕
• call off the experiment 取消实验
• carry out an experiment 进行实验,做实验
• conduct an experiment 指导实验
• design an experiment 设计试验
• perform an experiment 进行一次实验
• try an experiment 做实验

形容词+～

• biological experiment 生物实验
• careful experiment 仔细的实验
• chemical experiment 化学实验
• curious experiment 好奇的实验
• dangerous experiment 危险的实验
• difficult experiment 难做的实验
• easy experiment 容易的实验
• interesting experiment 有趣的实验
• new experiment 新的试验
• practical experiment 实际试验
• scientific experiment 科学实验
• valuable experiment 有价值的实验〔试验〕
• various experiments 各种试验〔实验〕

介词+～

• during the experiment 在试验中

～+介词

• experiment in physics 物理实验
• experiment with new teaching methods 新教学方法的试验

用作动词 (v.)

～+介词

• experiment in 做…的实验
• experiment on〔upon〕 在…上做实验
• experiment with 以…做试验

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. experiment用作名词的意思是“实验,试验”“尝试”,既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词。如用单数形式,前面应有不定冠词a。
2. experiment后接介词in, on〔upon〕,意指“做…方面的实验”,只是当on后面的宾语是“人”或“动物”时,才指“在…身上做实验”。有时也可用介词with,指“以…做试验”。

v. (动词)

1. experiment用作动词时不及物,不直接接宾语。
2. experiment后接介词in表示“做…方面的实验”; 后接介词on〔upon〕表示“在…身上做实验”; 后接介词with表示“以…做试验”。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

experiment, test

• 两者均可表示“试验”。其区别在于:experiment指发现未知事物或为认识某事物而进行的试验; test则指按规定的标准,在可控的条件下,对事物进行彻底地检验。例如:
• He spend much of the time at his disposal on experiments for technical innovations.他把自己能支配的时间都花在搞技术革新上了。
• Tests were carried out on new planes.对这种新飞机进行了数次试验。

下面两个短语意思不同:

• experiment on plants 做植物试验
• experiment with plants 用植物做试验

v. (动词)

experiment, experience, suffer, sustain, undergo

• 这组词的共同意思是“经历”。其区别是：
• 1.experience指人们“经历”过的事情,即生活中所遇到的事情或通过学习、实践取得经验的过程; experiment指科学家进行的试验或为了检验某种效果而进行的任何活动; suffer指体验到伤害和困苦; sustain指遭受苦难,但不一定有勇气或坚忍精神; undergo强调被迫经受不愉快的事或苦难,也可指经历时间。例如:
• The Chinese people have experienced untold sufferings under imperialist oppression.在帝国主义的压迫下,中国人民遭受了无数的苦难。
• They experimented on electricity.他们做电学实验。
• He seemed to have suffered a great deal.他好像受了很多苦。
• He has sustained a great loss by the death of his father.父亲死了,他遭受了巨大损失。
• He undergoes hardships.他备尝艰难。
• 2.experience通常与动词have连用,而experiment通常与动词do连用。

trial，experiment，test，try

• 这些名词均有“试验”之意。
• trial指为观察、研究某事物以区别其真伪、优劣或效果等而进行较长时间的试验或试用过程。
• experiment多指用科学方法在实验室内进行较系统的操作实验以验证、解释或说明某一理论、定理或某一观点等。
• test普通用词，含义广，指用科学方法对某物质进行测试以估价其性质或效能等。
• try普通用词，多用于口语或非正式场合，指试一试。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 实验室里每天都在做实验。

   误 Experiment is carried out daily in the laboratory.

   正 Experiments are carried out daily in the laboratory.

   析 表示具体的“实验”时, experiment通常用复数,不用单数。

v. (动词)

1. 他最近在对猴子做实验时得出了一些有趣的发现。

   误 He made several discoveries when he experimented a monkey recently.

   正 He made several discoveries when he experimented on a monkey recently.

   析 experiment用作动词时是不及物动词,不能直接接宾语,须用介词。

词源解说

• ☆ 14世纪中期进入英语，直接源自古法语的experiment；最初源自古典拉丁语的experimentum，意为测试，尝试。

近反义词

【近义词】

• test