brush

英 [brʌʃ] 美 [brʌʃ]

• n. 刷子；画笔；刷
• n. 灌木丛
• n. 小冲突；争吵
• vt. 刷；掠过；轻触；擦；掸
• vi. 轻擦；拂拭

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]刷子; 画笔; 毛笔

   an instrument with bristles, wire, hair, etc., for cleaning, scrubbing, etc.

2. [S]擦,吹拂; 刷

   an act of brushing; a quick light touch

3. [C]小冲突,小争执,小摩擦

   a short fight or disagreement

v. (动词)

1. vt. & vi. 擦; 刷

   rub with a brush

2. vt. & vi. 轻触,掠过

   touch lightly against (sb/sth) in passing

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 刷子，毛刷，刷
2. 刷状物
3. 狐狸尾巴
4. 画笔，毛笔
5. 灌木丛，杂木林
6. 笔法，画法
7. 小摩擦，小接触，小争吵
8. 一刷，一拂，一抹
9. 【电】电刷
10. 刷形放电
11. 绘画风格
12. 画法
13. 布拉什（美国制造的驱逐舰）

v. 动词

1. 写，画
2. 掠过，轻触，擦过
3. 刷，擦，刷净，刷亮
4. 擦掉，拂去，拂，抹，掸，拂拭
5. 推开
6. 刷牙，梳头发，刷头发
7. 飞跑，急奔
8. 不理会，漠视

英英释义

Noun:

1. a dense growth of bushes

2. an implement that has hairs or bristles firmly set into a handle

3. momentary contact

4. conducts current between rotating and stationary parts of a generator or motor

5. a bushy tail or part of a bushy tail (especially of the fox)

6. a minor short-term fight

7. the act of brushing your teeth;

   "the dentist recommended two brushes a day"
   

8. the act of brushing your hair;

   "he gave his hair a quick brush"
   

9. contact with something dangerous or undesirable;

   "I had a brush with danger on my way to work"
   "he tried to avoid any brushes with the police"
   

Verb:

1. rub with a brush, or as if with a brush;

   "Johnson brushed the hairs from his jacket"
   

2. touch lightly and briefly;

   "He brushed the wall lightly"
   

3. clean with a brush;

   "She brushed the suit before hanging it back into the closet"
   

4. sweep across or over;

   "Her long skirt brushed the floor"
   "A gasp swept cross the audience"
   

5. remove with or as if with a brush;

   "brush away the crumbs"
   "brush the dust from the jacket"
   "brush aside the objections"
   

6. cover by brushing;

   "brush the bread with melted butter"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He painted the wall with a brush.
   他用刷子涂墙。
2. The painter swept a brush over his canvas.
   画家的画笔在画布上飞掠。
3. I'll give my coat a good brush.
   我要把我的衣服好好刷一下。

用作名词 (n.)

1. Let's burn off the rest of the brush.
   让我们把剩下的灌木丛清除掉。

用作名词 (n.)

1. He had a brush with his neighbour.
   他和邻居发生了一点摩擦。
2. She has a nasty brush with her boss this morning.
   今天早晨她跟老板大吵了一顿。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. We should brush our teeth at least twice a day.
   我们每天应该至少刷两次牙。
2. The light wind gently brushed her cheek.
   微风轻拂着她的脸颊。
3. She is scouring the floor with a brush.
   她正在用刷子擦地板。
4. I'll have to give my shoes a brush.
   我必须把我的鞋擦一下。
5. He brushed the dust off his clothes.
   他掸掉衣服上的灰尘。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

1. Don't bother to move.I think I can just brush past.
   不必麻烦动了,我想我能擦身挤过去。
2. A cat brushed against her leg in the darkness.
   黑暗中,一只猫蹭着了她的腿。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The brushes and paints had been set out in the art room.
   画室已准备好画笔和颜料。
2. He picked his brushes and palette.
   他提起画笔和调色板。
3. The painter uses several brushes when painting.
   这个画家作画时要使用几支画笔。
4. The old man likes to use a Chinese brush in writing.
   这老人喜欢用毛笔写字。
5. Her face will delight the painter's brush.
   她的容貌会使画家乐于动笔。
6. These pictures are from the same painter's brush.
   这些画出自同一个画家的手笔。
7. He sells brushes.
   他卖刷子。
8. I lost my shaving brush.
   我的剃须刷丢了。
9. Do you have a tooth brush?
   你有牙刷吗?
10. I bought three tooth brushes yesterday.
    我昨天买了三把牙刷。
11. Can I have some paint and a paint brush?
    我买一把刷子和一些油漆。
12. She needs a brush to comb her hair.
    她需要一把刷子来梳头发。
13. I paint with a brush.
    我用画笔作画。
14. He made a stroke with a brush.
    他大笔一挥。
15. She dusted the desk with a brush.
    她用拂帚掸掉书桌上的灰尘。
16. He painted the wall with a brush.
    他用刷子粉刷墙壁。
17. Paint goes on more slowly with a brush than with a roller.
    用刷子涂漆比用滚筒涂漆慢一些。
18. I gave my clothes a good brush.
    我把我的衣服彻底刷了一遍。
19. Please give the coat a good brush.
    请把外套好好刷一刷。
20. These shoes need a shoe brush.
    这双鞋需要用鞋刷刷一下。
21. She ran a brush over her hair again and again .
    她把头发梳了又梳。
22. She usually gives her hair a brush before she goes out.
    她出门时常梳梳头发。
23. She gave her hair a quick brush before she went to meet her friend.
    她去迎接朋友之前,很快把头发梳理了一下。
24. I got a brush from the wheelbarrow.
    我被一辆手推车给擦了一下。
25. I got a brush from the wheel as it passed.
    我被经过的车轮轻轻地擦了一下。
26. He felt the brush of the silk dress against him as she passed.
    当她走过时,他感觉到她的绸衣在他身上轻轻地拂过。
27. She felt the brush of his coat as he hurried by.
    他匆匆走过时,她感到他的外衣擦着了她。
28. The arrest for speeding was his first brush with the law.
    因超速行驶而被拘留是他的首次违法。
29. At the first brush, the enemy was repulsed.
    敌人在第一次交火时就被击退了。
30. After the storm the lawn was littered with brush.
    暴风过后草坪上都是断枝。
31. The rabbit disappeared into the brush.
    野兔消失在灌木丛中。
32. It seemed like a good idea at the first brush, but it wouldn't really work.
    乍看起来,这好像是个好主意,但实际上行不通。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Brush after each meal.
   饭后刷牙。
2. I brush twice, what about you?
   我每天刷两次牙,你呢?
3. The boy brushed by me in a rude way.
   小男孩从我旁边经过时,冒失地碰撞了我。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. I'll brush the floor.
   我来刷地板。
2. The servant brushes his hat.
   佣人刷他的帽子。
3. He began to brush his jacket.
   他开始刷他的夹克衫。
4. He often brushes his overcoat.
   他经常刷他的大衣。
5. You must brush your shoes; they are very dirty.
   你的鞋太脏了,得刷一刷。
6. An elderly servant slowly brushed the carpet.
   一位上了年纪的仆人慢慢地擦地毯。
7. He brushed his clothes on Sunday.
   他在星期天洗了衣服。
8. She likes to brush her hair.
   她喜欢梳理头发。
9. Brush your teeth at least twice a day.
   一天至少要刷两次牙。
10. I brush my teeth every morning.
    我每天早晨刷牙。
11. You must brush your teeth before going to bed.
    睡觉前你必须刷牙。
12. It's a good habit to brush your teeth twice a day.
    每天刷牙两次是个好习惯。
13. After getting up, she brushes her teeth and combs her hair.
    起床后她刷牙、梳头。
14. She came down to breakfast in a hurry, not having brushed her teeth.
    她匆匆忙忙地下楼吃早饭,连牙也没刷。
15. A cool breeze brushed his face, ruffling his hair.
    一阵凉风迎面拂来,吹乱了他的头发。
16. The leaves of the trees brushed my face as I ran through the forest.
    我从森林里跑过时,树叶拂过我的脸。
17. Some kinds of bamboo grow very fast.If they are growing near a house, their slim leaves brush the roof gently and cool the house with their shade.
    有些种类的竹子长得非常快。如果这些竹子生长在房子附近,它们纤细的叶子轻轻擦过屋顶,房子由于它们的树阴而凉快下来。
18. His lips brushed her ear.
    他用嘴唇轻轻地吻了一下她的耳朵。
19. The bicycle just brushed me as it passed.
    那辆自行车与我擦身而过。
20. Then he took a brush and he brushed the dog until her fur began to shine.
    然后他拿一把刷子在狗身上刷,一直到它的毛开始发亮为止。
21. The spider web brushed my forehead.
    我的前额碰着了蜘蛛网。
22. My left hand brushed the wall and found the doorknob.
    我的左手顺着墙摸过去就找到了门的把手。
1
23. The floor has been brushed by the students.
    学生们已把地板擦过了。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n./pron. + adj.

1. Please help me to brush my shoes clean.
   请帮我把鞋擦干净。
2. Brush the blackboard clean, please.
   请把黑板擦干净。
3. She brushed his hat clean.
   她将他的帽子刷净。

经典引文

• Tempt not yet the brushes of the war.

  出自：Troilus Cressida , Shakespeare

• Three ugly brushes with the law over charges he could not understand.

  出自： J. A. Michener

• Often brushing through the dripping grass.

  出自： J. Clare

• The friction of people brushing past her was evidently painful.

  出自： V. Woolf

• Do not brush against a bush lest you leave a thread to show our passage.

  出自： F. Herbert

• The other [hand] trying to brush the cigar ash off his lapels.

  出自： J. B. Priestley

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

give it another brush

润色,再加工一下 try to make the painting better

give sb the brush off

拒绝某人…,让某人碰钉子,充耳不闻; 不予理睬 terminate a friendship with sb, refuse to hear or believe, quickly and impatiently

have a brush with

与…发生摩擦,小冲突 have a short fight or disagreement

tarred with the same brush

一路货色; 有相同的缺点 assumed to have the same〔bad〕 qualities as one's associates

用作动词 (v.)

brush against (v.+prep.)

碰,擦 touch; bump
brush against sb/sth
A drunkard brushed against me in a rude way.

一个醉汉从我身边经过时粗鲁地碰了我一下。
His car brushed against mine.

他的汽车擦着我的汽车开过去。
She brushed against a chair as she rushed in.

她飞跑进来时碰倒了一张椅子。
Something brushed against the back of the case.

有什么东西擦着了箱子的背面。
He brushed against the door as he entered the room.

他进入房间时,身子和房门碰了一下。
If we happened to brush carelessly against the over-hanging rocks they would crash down at any moment.

如果我们不小心偶然碰着那些悬空的岩石,它们随时都可能掉下来。
I am brushed against by cyclists.

我被骑车人一擦而过。
The child was brushed against by a motorcycle.

这孩子被一辆摩托车擦了一下。

brush aside〔away〕 (v.+adv.)

无视,不顾,漠视(某情况等) refuse to pay attention to (sth)

brush down (v.+adv.)

斥责(某人) scold (sb) for a fault

brush off¹ (v.+adv.)

〈口〉拒绝听,不理睬 refuse to listen to (sth) or have a relationship with (sb)
brush off
This kind of mud brushes off easily when it dries.

这种泥土干后很容易刷净。
Dried mud on the shoes brushes off easily.

鞋上的污泥干后一刷就落。
Don't worry about that mark; it will brush off.

别担心那个斑点,用刷子能把它刷掉。 brush sth ⇔ off
Please brush this insect off.

请把这只虫掸掉。 brush sb/sth ⇔ off
I didn't expect her to brush us off like this.

我没有料到她会这样拒绝我们。
Jim's girlfriend brushed him off before he met Mary.

吉姆的女友在他结识玛丽之前就把他甩了。
He tried to start a conversation but she brushed him off.

他想搭讪,但她不理睬他。
She brushed me off when I invited her to go to the movies with me yesterday.

我昨天邀请她和我一起去看电影时,她拒绝了我。
I invited him to watch an opera with me yesterday, but he brushed me off.

昨天我邀请他同我一起看戏,但他毫不客气地拒绝了。
I've tried to make contact with them, but they've brushed me off.

我本来想和他们接触接触,但是他们都不理睬我。
Eva went up to speak to her employer, but he brushed her off impatiently.

伊娃上前和她的雇主说话,但他不耐烦地不理睬她。
The mayor hurried into his office, brushing off the reporters.

市长赶快走到办公室,拒不接见记者。
The mayor brushed off the reporter's question with a joke.

市长用句笑话打发掉记者的问题。
She brushed off all our suggestions.

她拒不采纳我们的建议。
He has brushed the whole matter off.

他把整个事情都丢弃了。
He cut his finger but he brushed it off as not important and kept working.

他割破了手指,但仍若无其事地继续工作。
The committee brushed off his enquiries with meaningless promises.

委员会用毫无意义的许诺来搪塞他的要求。
She brushed off every suggestion with a shrug and raised eyebrows.

她对每个建议都耸耸肩,扬起眉毛加以拒绝。
He brushed off her warning that he might fall from the roof.

她告诫他,说他会从屋顶摔下来,他却充耳不闻。
John brushed off Peter's warning that he might fall from the tree.

彼得警告约翰当心别从树上跌下来,约翰却不理睬。
He has never been brushed off so rudely before.

他从来没有遭到过如此粗鲁的拒绝。
I don't know why our suggestions have been brushed off.

我不知道为什么我们的建议被拒绝了。

brush off² (v.+prep.)

刷掉,掸掉或拂掉(某物) (cause to) be removed or cleaned with a brush
brush sth off sth
He brushed the snow off his clothes and went inside.

他把身上的雪拂去,然后才进去。
She brushed the dirt off my coat.

她刷去我衣服上的灰尘。

brush over (v.+adv.)

不经心地谈到… speak about (sth)

brush past¹ (v.+adv.)

经过时触及某人〔物〕 pass (sth/sb), touch-ing lightly
brush past
I wanted to speak to her, but she just brushed past.

我想同她讲话,可是她很快就走过去了。
There was only just room to brush past in the crowd.

在人群中只有探着身子才能过去的空隙。
Don't bother to move. I think I can just brush past.

不必麻烦动了,我想我能擦身挤进去。

brush past² (v.+prep.)

经过时触及某人〔物〕 pass (sth/sb), touching lightly
brush past sb
He brushed past me in a rude way.

他粗鲁地从我身旁擦过。
Mr.Smith brushed past me in the street.

史密斯先生在街上和我擦肩而过。
He brushed past the secret agents and quickly strolled out of the teahouse.

他从特务身边走过,从容地出了茶馆。
He brushed past the reporters without making any comment.

他从这些记者旁擦身而过,没作任何评论。
When they brushed past each other in the corridor, he noticed that she was wearing a new perfume.

当他们在走廊里擦肩而过时,他注意到她用了一种新的香水。

brush up (v.+adv.)

〈非正〉使提高或完善 improve (sth) by brushing

brush up against (v.+adv.+prep.)

意外地遇到 meet (usually trouble) unexpectedly

brush up on (v.+adv.+prep.)

复习 review
brush up on sth
I really need to brush up on my French.

我确实需要提高我的法语水平。
She spent the summer brushing up on her American History as she was to teach that in the fall.

她利用夏天温习了美国历史,因为她秋季要讲授那门课程。
Jack can't go with you because he needs to brush up on his notes.

杰克不能同你一块儿去,因为他需要温习笔记。
I'm going to brush up on those medical terms, some of which I may come across some day in my translation duties.

我得复习一下那医学术语,以后在翻译中可能会碰到一些的。
You had better brush up on your backstroke if you are playing with him.

如果你要同他比赛,你最好重新练习一下反手击球。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• apply a brush to 用刷子刷…
• attach brush 附加刷子
• clean a brush 把刷子弄干净
• make brushes 制作刷子
• manufacture brushes 制作刷子
• need a brush 需要刷一下,需要一把刷子
• use a brush 使用刷子
• give it another brush 润色,加工一下
• give one's hat a brush 把帽子刷一刷
• give one's suit a quick brush 把衣服很快地刷一下
• give sb the/a brush 〈俚〉冷落某人,与某人断绝关系
• give shoes a brush 把鞋子刷一下
• give sth a good brush 把某物好好刷一下
• give the carpet a hard brush 用力刷地毯

形容词+～

• aboriginal brush 原生灌木丛
• antistatic brush 抗静电刷
• Chinese brush 毛笔
• dangerous brush 危险的灌木丛
• fragrant brush 带香味的笔
• magic brush 神笔
• potent brush 有力的笔
• profound brush 深奥的画笔
• ragged brush 参差不齐的灌木丛
• skillful brush 熟练的画笔
• stunted brush 低矮的灌木丛
• tangled brush 缠绕的灌木丛
• writing brush 毛笔

名词+～

• boot brush 鞋刷
• bottle brush 瓶刷
• clothes brush 衣刷
• hair brush 梳子
• laundry brush 洗衣刷
• scrubbing〔scrub〕 brush 硬毛刷子
• shaving brush 修面刷
• shoe brush 鞋刷
• tooth brush 牙刷

～+名词

• brush ability 运笔自如
• brush box 刷盒
• brush burn 擦伤
• brush collector 集电刷
• brush finish 粉刷
• brush pencil 画笔
• brush treatment 涂刷处理
• brush wheel 刷轮
• brush wood 砍下的树枝
• brush work 绘画

介词+～

• at a brush 一举
• at the first brush 最初的一击
• from the same brush 出自同一手笔
• draw with a brush 用画笔画画
• paint with a brush 用刷子涂漆
• write with a brush 用毛笔写字

～+介词

• narrow brush with death 差一点丢掉性命的遭遇
• brush with enemy 与敌人的遭遇战
• brush with neighbour 与邻居的小冲突
• the first serious brush with the issue 第一次认真触及这一争端
• brush with the police 与警察发生的冲突

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• brush bookshelf 刷书架
• brush box 刷箱子
• brush chair 刷椅子
• brush cheek 拂过脸颊
• brush coat 刷大衣
• brush face 吹脸
• brush floor 扫地
• brush hair 梳头发
• brush nail 刷指甲
• brush paint 刷漆
• brush shaving 刷面
• brush shoes 刷鞋
• brush teeth 刷牙
• brush wall 刷墙

～+副词

• brush aimlessly 无目的地刷
• brush effectively 有效地画
• brush gently 轻轻地刷
• brush hastily 匆忙地刷
• brush interminably 没完没了地刷
• brush lightly 轻轻擦过
• brush monotonously 单调地画
• brush nervously 紧张地刷
• brush skillfully 熟练地画
• brush slowly 慢慢拂过
• brush tenderly 轻轻地刷
• brush vigorously 强有力地擦过
• brush vivaciously 有生气地画
• brush aside 不理,不顾,无视,漠视
• brush difficulties aside 不顾困难
• brush objections aside 不顾反对意见
• brush opposition aside 漠视反抗
• brush the snow aside 扫雪
• brush away 刷去,拂去,无视,漠视
• brush away a fly with one's hand 用手赶走苍蝇
• brush away the dust 拂去灰尘
• brush away tears 拭去眼泪
• brush down 刷下来,刷净,责骂
• brush down one's skirt 把裙子刷干净
• brush off 刷去,拂去,跑脱,逃掉
• brush dirt off 把灰尘刷掉
• brush off the dust 拂去灰尘
• brush off sb's questions 对某人提的问题不予理睬
• brush over 轻刷,轻轻地上色
• brush up 重新学习,复习,改进,润饰
• brush up against 轻轻触到,遇到
• brush up one's act 检点自己的行为
• brush up one's article 修改稿子
• brush up one's English 重新复习英语

～+介词

• brush against 擦,碰
• brush with a pencil 用铅笔绘画

词语用法

n. (名词)

1. brush的基本意思是指用鬃毛、金属丝、尼龙等制造而成的“刷子,画笔,毛笔”,是可数名词,常与名词构成复合词,如:hairbrush, toothbrush。
2. brush还可表示“擦,吹拂; 刷”等动作,一般用单数,常和不定冠词a连用。
3. brush还可作“小冲突,小争执,小摩擦”解,指的是短暂的争吵、冲突,常与with连用。
4. brush在美式英语中还可作“灌木丛,杂树丛”解,是不可数名词。

v. (动词)

1. brush的基本意思是“轻擦”,指像刷子一样在物体表面轻拂而过。可指几乎没有触及,也可指轻触〔擦〕到某物。brush的结果一是“刷掉”,二是“刷净”; brush的工具一般是刷子或类似刷子的东西,如木梳,扫帚等。
2. brush可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词; 作“刷”解用作及物动词时,宾语可以是物(如衣物、鞋帽、汽车、家具等)或其上的灰尘泥土,也可以是人体的一部分(如牙、头发)。作“擦,触,掠过”解时宾语可为人或物。brush还可接以形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。
3. brush和away, down, off等连用可表示“刷掉”; 和again等连用可表示“碰到”; 和past等连用可表示“擦过”; brush和上述副〔介〕词连用还可用于比喻,表示“不理睬”“无视”“提高”等义。
4. brush用作不及物动词时主动形式可含有被动意义,这时通常和无生命的主语连用。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

brush, glance, graze, shave, skim

• 这组词都有“擦”“拂”的意思。其区别是：
• brush的动作像刷子一样在某物表面上刷; 有时指抚摸或轻擦,以弄散某种东西。graze指子弹或其他快速运动的物体迅速擦过,例如:
• The wing seemed to graze the treetops as the plane climbed away.飞机爬升时,机翼似乎擦过树梢。
• glance表示“擦过”,多指未成功的“刺,击,砍”所造成的从身边擦过,例如:
• The sword glanced off the shield.剑擦盾而过。
• shave表示“擦过,掠过”,指像刀片刮脸那样紧贴着轻轻地擦过,往往含有“险些弄伤”的意思,例如:
• I cut myself while I was shaving.我刮胡子时把自己的脸刮破了。
• skim表示“掠过”,不含危险或伤害的意思,例如:
• The plane skimmed the treetops.飞机从树梢上掠过。

常见错误

n. (名词)

1. 我们穿过丛林。

   误 We walked through the brushes.

   正 We walked through the brush.

   析 brush作“丛林”解时,为不可数名词,不能用brushes。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古法语的broisse；最初源自古典拉丁语的bruscia，意为一簇新生的芽或嫩枝。

近反义词

【近义词】

• broom
• bush
• encounter
• scrub
• thicket
• whisk