average

英 ['ævərɪdʒ] 美 ['ævərɪdʒ]

• n. 平均数；平均水平
• adj. 平均的；一般的；通常的
• v. 取平均值；达到平均水平

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]平均,平均数

   the result of adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts

2. [U]平均水平; 一般水准

   a level which is usual

adj. (形容词)

1. [A]平均的

   calculated by adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts

2. 典型的; 正常的

   typical or normal; of the usual or ordinary kind

3. 普通的; 平常的; 一般的

   ordinary; not special; around a usual or ordinary level or standard

v. (动词)

1. vt. 平均为,平均达

   be equal to a particular amount as an average

2. vt. 求…的平均数

   to calculate the average of sth

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 平均数，平均分
2. 平均
3. 普通，中等，一般
4. 成功率
5. 【商】海损，海损费用
6. 一般水平，平均水平，一般水准
7. 平均标准
8. 报酬
9. 底子
10. 平均得分

adj. 形容词

1. 普通的，一般的，中等的
2. 平均的
3. 【商】按海损估价的
4. 寻常的，平平常常的，正常的，通常的
5. 平庸的
6. 典型的
7. 平均数的，平均值的

v. 动词

1. 平均达到
2. 平均做到
3. 使平衡
4. 将…平均分配，均分，平均
5. 算出...的平均数，求…的平均数，求…的平均值， 从…得出平均数
6. 平均为，平均是，平均数为
7. 作为平均数，按平均数计算，取平均值
8. 买进或卖出
9. 按比例分配，平均分配
10. 达到平均水平

英英释义

Noun:

1. a statistic describing the location of a distribution;

   "it set the norm for American homes"
   

2. (sports) the ratio of successful performances to opportunities

3. an intermediate scale value regarded as normal or usual;

   "he is about average in height"
   "the snowfall this month is below average"
   

Adjective:

1. approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value;

   "the average income in New England is below that of the nation"
   "of average height for his age"
   "the mean annual rainfall"
   

2. lacking special distinction, rank, or status; commonly encountered;

   "average people"
   "the ordinary (or common) man in the street"
   

3. lacking exceptional quality or ability;

   "a novel of average merit"
   "only a fair performance of the sonata"
   "in fair health"
   "the caliber of the students has gone from mediocre to above average"
   "the performance was middling at best"
   

4. around the middle of a scale of evaluation;

   "an orange of average size"
   "intermediate capacity"
   "medium bombers"
   

5. relating to or constituting the most frequent value in a distribution;

   "the modal age at which American novelists reach their peak is 30"
   

6. relating to or constituting the middle value of an ordered set of values (or the average of the middle two in a set with an even number of values);

   "the median value of 17, 20, and 36 is 20"
   "the median income for the year was $15,000"
   

Verb:

1. amount to or come to an average, without loss or gain;

   "The number of hours I work per work averages out to 40"
   

2. achieve or reach on average;

   "He averaged a C"
   

3. compute the average of

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. The average of 4,6 and 8 is 6.
   4,6, 8的平均数是6。
2. Temperatures are below average for the time of year.
   温度低于此时的年平均温度。

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.
   本班男生的平均年龄是十五岁。
2. Tom's work at school is above the average.
   汤姆的功课是中上等水平。
3. I'm just an average student.
   我不过是一般的学生。
4. He is an average man, there's nothing special about him.
   他是个普通人, 并没有什么异乎常人的地方。

用作动词 (v.)

1. If you average 4, 6 and 11,you get 7 .
   如果你将4，6和11平均，你即得7。
2. Meals average out at 5 per head.
   膳食平均每人5英镑。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The average of 11,14 and 20 is 15. 11,14
   和20的平均数是15。
2. His average for his high school course was 82.
   他高中各门功课的平均成绩是82分。
3. She walked 8 km in two hours, so her average was 4 km per hour.
   两小时内她走8公里,那么她的平均速度就是每小时4公里。
4. The average works out roundly at 100.
   平均算下来大体为100。
5. During his first year of college, he made a B average.
   他在大学一年级时的学习成绩平均为B。
6. It is difficult to strike averages.
   折中是很难的。
7. They have long working hours—50 a week is about the average.
   他们的工作时间很长——每周一般要工作50个小时左右。
8. In western Europe, a 7-to 8-hour working day is about the average.
   在西欧,每天工作7至8小时基本上属于平均水平。
9. He has an income of 15,000 pounds a year, as against the national average of 1300 pounds.
   他每年收入15,000镑,而全国平均数为1300镑。
10. Her school work is above average.
    她的学业成绩在平均水平之上。
11. Ade's work at school is above the average,Haas' is below the average and Brooks' is about up to the average.
    艾德的功课在中等水平以上,哈斯在中等水平以下,布鲁克斯接近中等水平。
12. The quality of candidates was below average.
    候选人的素质低于一般标准。
13. Their language development and reading is below average.
    他们在语言表达能力方面的发展和阅读能力都低于一般水平。
14. Income in New England is commonly 10% below the national average.
    在新英格兰人们的收入通常比全国平均数低10%。
15. His mental faculties fall somewhat below the average.
    他的智力在一般人之下。
16. By the law of averages you ought to win the jackpot this time.
    根据概率,这一次你该赢得积累赌注了。
17. The audience figures were lower than average for this sort of film.
    对于这种类型的电影来说,这样的观众数量是低于平均标准的。
18. Smart children talk earlier than the average.
    聪明的幼童比一般的孩子早开口说话。
19. The year's rainfall came close to the average.
    今年的降雨量接近一般水平。
20. He finished school with an A average.
    他的毕业成绩平均为A。

～+ prep. -phrase

1. An average of 1350 persons pass here every day.
   每天平均有1350个人经过此地。
2. These pupils took a total of 39 examinations, an average of 6.5 examinations for each pupil.
   这些学生一共参加了39次考试,平均每个学生参加了6.5次。
3. People spend an average of four hours a day watching TV.
   人们平均每天看四个小时电视。
4. I expect to spend an average of $15 to $20 on a meal in a restaurant.
   我想在餐馆用饭平均每餐要花费15至20美元。
5. The production of cotton increased at an average of 6 percent a year.
   棉花产量平均每年增长了6%。
6. Wages for industrial workers have increased by an average of 7.5%.
   产业工人的工资平均增加了7.5%。
7. Prices have risen by an average of 4% over the past year.
   去年的物价平均上涨了4个百分点。
8. This area is hit by an average of about 5 hailstorms a year.
   这个地区平均每年遭受大约五次冰雹袭击。
9. The queen bee lives for an average of four to six years.
   蜂王平均寿命为4至6年。
10. The eastern part of China has more rainfall, with an annual average of 250—400 mm.
    中国东部的雨量较多,年平均降水量为250—400毫米。

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

～+ n.

1. His average income is ten pounds a week.
   他的平均收入为一星期10英镑。
2. The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.
   这个班的男生的平均年龄为15岁。
3. The average age of the US soldiers who fought in the Vietnam War was 19.
   参加越南战争的美国士兵平均年龄为19岁。
4. The average rainfall there is 180 inches.
   那里的年均降水量是180英寸。
5. The average flow of the river is 350 cubic metres per second.
   这条河平均流量为每秒350立方米。
6. The average height of these mountains is more than 6000 metres.
   这些山的平均高度为6000多公尺。
7. Including stops for gas and traffic jams, our average speed was still 40 miles an hour.
   把停车加油和交通堵塞而耽误的时间算在内,我们车的平均速度仍是每小时40英里。
8. 40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people.
   对大多数人来说,一周工作40小时是相当正常的。
9. What was the average temperature yesterday?
   昨天的平均气温是多少？
10. The teachers were pleased with the above-average results.
    老师对于超过平均水平的考试结果非常满意。
11. She has an above average IQ.
    她的智商属于中上水平。
12. It's over the average price.
    这在平均价格之上。
13. It is said that a kiss of average intensity uses up about nine calories.
    据说,一次中等热烈的吻要耗掉大约9卡的热量。
14. It was an average piece of work.
    这活儿干得一般。
15. The average person is not wealthy.
    普通老百姓并不富裕。
16. The average person is a lot better off than they were forty years age.
    这条街上一般的人比40年前富裕多了。
17. The average child spends around ten hours a week watching television.
    普通孩子一周花大约10小时看电视。
18. The modest scientist said that he was just an average person.
    那谦虚的科学家说他只是一个普通人。
19. He is just an average student.
    他只是个普通的学生。
20. We don't want Einstein, just someone of average ability.
    我们不需要爱因斯坦那样的天才,才智平平的人即可。

用作表语

S+be+～

1. His work is about average.
   他的工作既不好也不坏。
2. His grades were nothing special, only average.
   他的成绩并不突出,平平常常。
3. There was nothing special about the meal; it was average.
   饭菜没什么特别,挺平常的。
4. His first novel was not particularly good or bad, just average.
   他的第一部小说既不特别好也不特别坏。
5. Her work as an actress has never been better than average.
   她作为演员的表现一直是中规中矩。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. Enquiries to our office average 1000 calls a month.
   我们的办公室平均每月接收到1000个查询电话。
2. Her pay averages $800 a week.
   她的薪水平均每周800美元。
3. My mail averages 11 letters a day.
   我的邮件平均每天达到11封信。
4. Our car averages 550 kilometres a week.
   我们的汽车平均每周行驶550千米。
5. The car averages 40 miles to the gallon.
   这辆车一加仑油平均走40英里。
6. The rainfall in this area averages 800mm a year.
   这个地区降雨量年均800毫米。
7. Trainee accountants average ￡12,000 per year.
   实习会计师平均每年可赚12,000英镑。
8. I average 8 hours work a day.
   我平均每天工作8小时。
9. Many doctors average 70 hours a week.
   许多医生平均每周工作70小时。
10. The children averaged 15 years of age.
    这些儿童的平均年龄为15岁。
11. Economic growth is expected to average 2% next year.
    明年经济增长预计平均可达2%。
12. The annual rate of increase in light industry has averaged 15 per cent.
    轻工业年增长率平均为15%。
13. The cost of developing a new drug now averages around￡500 million.
    现在开发一种新药的成本平均在5亿英镑左右。
14. Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour.
    估计伦敦的驾车者平均时速为12英里。
15. The exhibition averages more than 1000 visitors a day.
    这展览平均每天有1000多人参观。
16. The route averages one big or medium-sized bridge for every 1.7 kilometers of rail.
    这条铁路平均每1.7公里有一座大型或中型桥梁。
17. If you average 10 and 20, you get 15. 10
    与20的平均数是15。
18. We averaged the price of milk in five neighbourhood stores.
    我们算出附近5家商店的牛奶平均价格。
19. They averaged the gain among themselves.
    他们把收益平均分了。
20. I'd like you to average the column of figures on page 34.
    我希望你能计算一下34页那栏数字的平均值。
21. Will you average those numbers for me?
    请你替我把那些数字的平均数算出来好吗？
22. The blacksmith averaged the stalwart soldier, with a glance, and went muttering away.
    铁匠朝那个体格健壮的士兵瞥了一眼,在心里掂量了一番后,便嘟嘟囔囔地走开了。
1
23. His Sunday congregation was averaged at about six hundred persons.
    参加由他主持的礼拜日圣会的教徒大约有600人之众。

其他

1. It's a small shop, averaging about 500 customers a week.
   这是家小店,每周平均约有500个顾客。

经典引文

• I never can make out whether Father's hearing is below the average or above it.

  出自： I. Compton

• Those whose husbands earned just a few shillings above the average for the street.

  出自： R. Hoggart

• We played an average of five days a week.

  出自： R. Davies

• The average age appeared to be about fifty.

  出自： Arnold Bennett

• In a democracy..it was safer to be average.

  出自： E. Glasgow

• Average distance run per week: two hundred miles.

  出自： W. H. Auden

• There was something very unattractive about the average man's pyjamas.

  出自： B. Pym

• The sale of the book..averaged a thousand copies a year.

  出自： D. Masson

• Over twenty years I have probably averaged five hundred words a day for five days a week.

  出自： G. Greene

• It averaged about two dollars per day for the two of us.

  出自： R. Lardner

常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

on (the, an) average

通常,一般说来 used for talking about what is usually true, although it may not be true in every individual situation

用作动词 (v.)

average out (v.+adv.)

平均(计算)为,平均达 find the average of
average out
Hot and cold days often average out during the year.

一年中炎热的日子和寒冷的日子往往相当。
Sometimes I pay, sometimes he pays—it seems to average out.

有时我付钱,有时他付钱——到头来似乎两相持平。 average sth ⇔ out
They averaged out the numbers and got the result 7.

他们算出这几个数的平均数是7。
The statisticians averaged out the number of people receiving college degrees in every one thousand persons.

统计学家算出了每千人中受大学教育的平均数。
He averaged out his expenses at ￡10 per day.

他每天的平均费用是10英镑。
We may get something in total, but averaging it out, each of us will get only next to nothing.

总起来讲,我们能得到一些,但平均起来每个人几乎一无所得。 average out at〔to〕 sth
The cost should average out at about ￡6 per person.

费用应该是平均每人约6英镑。
Their working hours averaged out at 40 per week.

他们的工作时间每周平均为40小时。
The cost should average out at about ￡6 per person.

费用应该是平均每人约6英镑。
Our speed averaged out at 50km an hour.

我们的平均速度是每小时50公里。
Snowfall averages out in this part of the country at twenty inches a year.

我国这个地区每年的平均降雪量为20英寸。
My annual holiday varies, but it averages out at five weeks a year.

我每年假期的长短不等,但平均一年有5个星期。
Losses and gains average out to a small profit each year.

每年得失相抵尚有少许赚头。
Including his commission his salary averages out to 8000 dollars a month.

包括佣金在内,他的薪金每月平均达到8000美元。
Henry's taxes averaged out to about a fourth of his income.

亨利交付的税款平均达到他收入的四分之一左右。

average up (v.+adv.)

把…提高到平均水平 reach an average
average up sth
They average up the wages of the lower-paid teachers.

他们把低工资教师的工资提高到一般水平。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• calculate an average 算出平均数
• compute an average 计算平均数
• make an A average 获得优等平均分数
• obtain an average 获得平均数
• strike an average 平均起来,折中
• take an average 平均起来,拉平计算
• keep up one's average (使自己)维持在平均水平上
• work out an average 算出平均数

形容词+～

• arithmetical average 算术平均数
• normal average 正常平均数

名词+～

• daily average 日平均

介词+～

• above the average 在中等水平以上
• below the average 在中等水平以下
• beyond the average 超过平均数
• the law of averages 平均律
• on the average 平均地
• up to the average 达到一般水平
• be well up to the average 完全达到一般水平

用作形容词 (adj.)

～+名词

• average age 平均年龄
• average American student 普通美国学生
• average consumption per capital 每人平均消耗量
• average error 平均误差
• average income 平均收入
• average intelligence 一般智力
• average life 平均寿命
• average per- mu grain output 粮食平均亩产量
• average period 平均周期
• average price 平均价格
• average reader 平均读者
• average speed 平均速度
• average temperature 平均温度
• average value 平均价值
• average wage 平均工资
• average worker 普通工人

副词+～

• decidedly average 水平绝对一般

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• average the numbers 算出平均数

～+副词

• average out 平均达到
• average up 把…提到平均水平

词语用法

1. average作形容词指“一般的”或“通常的”时，后接的名词使用单数形式比较普遍。以单数形式出现时，前面可加the或an，如the/an average college student。

n. (名词)

1. average的基本意思是“平均”“平均数”,是可数名词。引申可表示“平均水平,一般水准”,是不可数名词。

adj. (形容词)

1. average的基本意思是“平均的”,可指算术上“平均的”,也可用于一般事物; 引申可表示“平常的,普通的”,指一般水平,既非优异,亦非低劣。
2. average作“平均的”解时只用作前置定语,不用于比较等级。
3. average作“平常的”或“一般的”解时,后面的名词用单数形式比复数形式普通。假使后面的名词是单数形式,前面用the或an都可以。

v. (动词)

1. average的基本意思是“平均”,是及物动词。意为“求…的平均数”“平均做〔得到〕”时,不用于被动结构; 意为“平均为”“平均达到”时常接表示数量的名词。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

average, mean, median

• 这几个词都有“平均、平均数”之意。其区别是：
• average 是“平均”或“平均数”的意思。它指的是把两个或两个以上的数相加的和,除以相加的数的个数而得的商数。mean 有“平均”或“平均数”的意思,但实际上指的是最大数和最小数之间的中数,即把二者相加的和,除以2所得的商数。median 是“中位数”的意思,它指的是按大小次序排列的一列数字中居中间的位置的那个数。试体会下面两句中这三个词的含义。
• The average of a group of five workers earning respectively 3,4,5,8 and 10 dollars a day is six dollars a day whereas the median is 5 dollars. 有五个工人,每天分别挣钱3,4,5,8和10元,这组工人收入的平均数为每天6元,中间位是5元。
• The mean temperature for a day with a high of 56°and a low of 34° is 45°.某日的最高气温为56°,最低气温为34°,其平均气温为45°。

medium，median，average

• 这些形容词均含“中等的、平均的、适中的”之意。
• medium指按照某种标准来说是适中或中等的，这种标准可以是通过仪器测量而来，也可能是凭经验而得出。
• median指中间位置的，统计学上指处于中间位置的一个数的。
• average通常用来形容优劣难分的平庸或折衷情况，也指理论上的平均标准。

常见错误

adj. (形容词)

1. 我认为一般读者对这本书不会感兴趣。

   误 I don't think the book will appeal to the average readers.

   正 I don't think the book will appeal to the average reader.

   析 average作“一般”解时,后面的名词用单数形式。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的avarie，意为船只受损；最初源自意大利语的avaria，意为受损的货物。

近反义词

【近义词】

• accomplishment
• arithmetical mean
• mean amount
• mean
• medium
• midpoint
• standing
• ratio
• normal
• the general
• the ordinary
• the rule
• the standard
• the typical
• the
• usual
• common
• indifferent
• normal
• not bad
• ordinary
• passable
• rank and file
• so-so
• standard
• fair
• tolerable
• typical
• usual

【反义词】

• abnormal
• atypical
• maximum
• minimum
• abnormal
• conspicuous
• bad
• different
• dreadful
• excellent
• exceptional
• extraordinary extreme
• fine
• good
• awful
• great
• horrible
• noticeable
• outstanding
• remarkable
• special
• surpassing
• terrible
• terrific
• unusual
• tremendous
• uncommon
• wonderful

派生词

v.(动词)

• averagely adv. 平均地