abstain

英 [əb'steɪn] 美 [əb'steɪn]

• v. 戒绝；弃权；节制

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vi. 戒,戒除; 避免,避开

   keep oneself from doing or enjoying sth, especially from taking alcoholic drinks; refrain, especially with an effort

2. vi. (投票时)弃权

   decline to use one's vote

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 弃权
2. 断
3. 慎（行）
4. 戒掉
5. 避开
6. 避免
7. 戒除
8. 不投票
9. 不参与
10. 有意回避
11. 自制
12. 戒绝

英英释义

Verb:

1. refrain from voting

2. choose not to consume;

   "I abstain from alcohol"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. He swore to abstain from smoking.
   他发誓要戒烟。
2. A high percentage of women said they had abstained from alcohol during pregnancy.
   很大比例的妇女称他们在怀孕期间戒了酒。
3. I abstained from voting.
   我弃权不投票。
4. Six countries voted for the change, five voted against, and two abstained.
   六个国家投票赞成改变，五个反对，还有两个弃权。
5. He abstained from speaking at the meeting.
   会上，他默不作声。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. In the referendum many people abstained.
   在这次公民投票中许多人弃权。
2. His doctor ordered him to abstain from beer and wine.
   他的医生嘱咐他戒酒。
3. I've abstained from smoking for two years.
   我已经戒烟两年了。
4. If you abstain from eating candy and rich food, you will not be so fat.
   如果你不吃糖果和油腻食物,你就不会这样胖。
5. Some delegates abstained from voting.
   一些代表放弃投票。
6. In other words, the country would abstain from a resolution favouring a cease-fire in place.
   换言之,对于一项赞同就地停火的协议,那个国家将投弃权票。
7. They collectively abstained (from voting) in the elections for local councilors.
   他们在地方议会议员选举中集体弃权。

经典引文

• Whether he abstain men from marying.

  出自： Milton

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

副词+～

• cautiously abstain 小心地避开
• prudently abstain 谨慎地避开

～+介词

• abstain from alcohol 戒酒,不喝酒
• abstain from comment 不加评论
• abstain from flesh and fish 戒食荤腥
• abstain from smoking 戒烟
• abstain from voting 投票时弃权

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. abstain的基本意思是“戒除; 避开”,指自觉地控制自己不做那些由于愿望或冲动而想做的事,强调自我约束、自我否定和永久性，尤指戒酒。
2. abstain的另一个意思是“弃权”,即表决时不投票或不举手。
3. abstain是不及物动词,常与介词from连用构成及物动词短语,后面可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

abstain, forbear, refrain

• 这组词的共同意思是自觉地控制自己不做那些由于愿望或冲动而想做的事。其区别是：
• refrain仅指动作未做; forbear强调自我约束性,即由于耐心、善良、宽厚、谨慎或禁欲主义思想等原因而自我克制; abstain则除强调自我约束性外,还含有自我否定的意味。

近反义词

【近义词】

• abandon
• desert
• forbear
• prohibit
• refrain

【反义词】

• indulge