rat

英 [ræt] 美 [ræt]

• n. 变节者；鼠；卑鄙的人
• v. 捕鼠；背叛；偷窃

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]大老鼠

   a long-tailed animal related to but larger than the mouse

2. [C]卑鄙小人,叛徒

   a worthless disloyal person

v. (动词)

1. vi. 捕鼠

   hunt rat

2. vi. 变节; 食言; 叛变

   break an agreement, a promise, etc.; fail to do sth one has undertaken to do; betray sb

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 叛徒，变节者
2. <口>卑鄙小人，卑劣的人，讨厌的人
3. 告密者
4. <美口>女用发垫
5. 工贼
6. 【动】鼠
7. 脱党者，退会者
8. 接受低于工会规定工资的工人
9. 不参加罢工的工人
10. 特务
11. 假发卷
12. 发酒疯
13. 街头青少年流氓
14. 下流女人
15. 耗子（是美国制造的反潜鱼雷）

v. 动词

1. 密告，告密，泄漏秘密
2. 捕鼠
3. 背叛，变节，叛变，出卖
4. 诅咒，责骂
5. 脱党
6. 接受低于工会规定的工资工作
7. 不参加罢工
8. 接替罢工工人的位置
9. 破坏罢工
10. 做特务
11. 食言，背弃做某事的诺言
12. （把头发）弄蓬松
13. 当工贼
14. 偷窃

abbr. 缩略词

1. rocket-launched antisubmarine torpedo 火箭发射式反潜鱼雷

英英释义

Noun:

1. any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse

2. someone who works (or provides workers) during a strike

3. a person who is deemed to be despicable or contemptible;

   "only a rotter would do that"
   "kill the rat"
   "throw the bum out"
   "you cowardly little pukes!"
   "the British call a contemptible person a `git'"
   

4. one who reveals confidential information in return for money

5. a pad (usually made of hair) worn as part of a woman's coiffure

Verb:

1. desert one's party or group of friends, for example, for one's personal advantage

2. employ scabs or strike breakers in

3. take the place of work of someone on strike

4. give (hair) the appearance of being fuller by using a rat

5. catch rats, especially with dogs

6. give away information about somebody;

   "He told on his classmate who had cheated on the exam"
   

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. He was regarded as a rat.
   大家叫他变节者/叛徒。
2. The dog was worrying a rat.
   那条狗撕咬著一只老鼠。
3. The dog nosed out a rat.
   那只狗闻到了老鼠的气味。
4. Now I can see why people say he is such a rat.
   现在我知道了为什么人们说他是卑鄙小人了。
5. But you promised to help us, you rat!
   可是你答应过要帮我们的忙，你这言而无信的小人！

用作动词 (v.)

1. The little boy likes to rat.
   这个小男孩喜欢捕鼠。
2. They said they'd help but they have rat on their friend.
   他们说他们会帮忙的，但他们却背叛了朋友。
3. Why did he rat out on his friends?
   他为什么背弃了朋友们呢?
4. We should not rat on our promises.
   我们不应违背诺言。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The rats have eaten holes in those bags of flour.
   大老鼠把那些面粉袋嗑出了窟窿。
2. He looks like a drowned rat.
   他看上去像一只落汤鸡,全身都湿透了。
3. But you promised to help us, you rat!
   可是你答应过要帮我们的忙,你这言而无信的小人!

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. The dogs went ratting.
   狗都去捕捉老鼠了。
2. They said they'd help us but they've ratted.
   他们答应帮助我们,但他们食言了。

经典引文

• When the rat protested that he loved Sal, she chucked a drink in his face.

  出自：Sun

• Witnesses..ratting on former colleagues.

  出自：Literary Review

• He's a solicitor who's ratted on a client! He could be struck off for that, you know!

  出自： K. Lette

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

rat on (v.+prep.)

〈口〉背叛,告发; 食言 betray or inform on (sb); go back on (sth)
rat on sb/sth
That coward ratted on his fellow-workers.

那个胆小鬼告发了和他一起干活的工人。
The police know we're here.Someone must have ratted on us.

警察知道我们在这儿,一定是有人背叛了我们。
We shouldn't rat on our promise.

我们不应该违背诺言。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• catch a rat 捕鼠
• get rid of rats 消灭老鼠
• smell a rat 怀疑其中有诈

形容词+～

• brown rat 棕色鼠
• dirty rat 卑鄙的人

名词+～

• the water rat 水鼠

介词+～

• like a rat in a hole 像瓮中之鳖,很有把握
• like a drowned rat (淋得)像落汤鸡,浑身湿透

用作动词 (v.)

～+介词

• rat on 密告…
• rat on one's friends 背叛朋友

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. rat用作名词时意思是“鼠”,转化为动词意为“捕鼠”,引申可表示“背叛”“告发”“食言”。
2. rat只用作不及物动词,在口语中常与介词on连用。
3. rat的过去式和过去分词均为ratted。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

rat, mouse

• rat指“田鼠”；mouse指“家鼠”，一般比rat小。

mouse，rat

• 这两个名词均可表示“老鼠、耗子”之意。
• mouse一般指体形较小的家鼠。
• rat一般指生活在室外体形较大的一种老鼠。

近反义词

【近义词】

• mouse