lay

英 [leɪ] 美 [leɪ]

• lie的过去式.
• v. 放置；躺下；打赌；设计；击倒；产卵；使平静；压平
• n. 地形；位置；叙事短诗；交媾
• adj. 外行的；世俗的

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 放置

   set in proper position

2. vt. 压倒,使躺下,放倒

   put down so as to lie flat;cause to lie flat

3. vt. 使…平息,使…消失

   settle, disappear, or cease to be active

4. vt. 打赌,下赌注

   risk (especially money) on the result of some happening, such as a race;bet

5. vt. & vi. 生蛋,产卵

   produce

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 搁，放，摆
2. 铺设，安放
3. 安排，布置
4. 打赌，押赌注
5. 准备，预备
6. 砌（砖）
7. 停止使用
8. 提出，宣称
9. 产卵，下蛋
10. 策划，拟定
11. 使处于，归于，把...归于
12. 【海】就位
13. 躺，斜倚
14. 涂（颜料）
15. 平息，缓解

n. 名词

1. 位置
2. 方向
3. 地理形势,地形
4. 民歌，民谣
5. 短诗，短抒情诗，短叙事诗
6. 绳索的股数
7. 铺放
8. 音乐的旋律 ，曲调
9. 鸟的啼啭
10. 分配渔获品，分红
11. <俚、粗>交媾
12. 性伙伴

adj. 形容词

1. 外行（人）的，非专业的
2. 一般信徒的，平信徒的
3. 凡俗的 ，俗人的， 世俗的
4. 无经验的，缺少专门知识的
5. 【牌】非主牌的，普通牌的 ，副的

英英释义

Noun:

1. a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

2. a narrative poem of popular origin

Adjective:

1. characteristic of those who are not members of the clergy;

   "set his collar in laic rather than clerical position"
   "the lay ministry"
   

2. not of or from a profession;

   "a lay opinion as to the cause of the disease"
   

Verb:

1. put into a certain place or abstract location;

   "Put your things here"
   "Set the tray down"
   "Set the dogs on the scent of the missing children"
   "Place emphasis on a certain point"
   

2. put in a horizontal position;

   "lay the books on the table"
   "lay the patient carefully onto the bed"
   

3. prepare or position for action or operation;

   "lay a fire"
   "lay the foundation for a new health care plan"
   

4. lay eggs;

   "This hen doesn't lay"
   

5. impose as a duty, burden, or punishment;

   "lay a responsibility on someone"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. You may lay it on the table.
   你可以把它放在桌子上。
2. I lay down not so much to sleep as to think.
   我躺下来与其说是要睡觉，倒不如说是要思考。
3. I'll lay odds of three to one that he gets the job.
   我以三比一的赔率打赌，他能得到那份工作。
4. He showed us how to lay out a printed page.
   他告诉我们怎样设计版面。
5. Surveyors lay out Wall Street along the line of the stockade.
   测量员沿着栅栏设计出墙街。
6. They lay eggs from the beginning of July to the middle of August.
   它们在7月初到8月中这段时间产卵。

用作名词 (n.)

1. He knows the lay of the land here.
   他了解这里的地形。
2. Lay more emphasis on combating corruption and advocating integrity.
   把反腐倡廉放在更加突出的位置上。
3. A lay figure can be placed in any position, or attitude, and clothed in any costume and thus serves as a model for the drapery.
   人体模型可以放在任何位置，摆成任何姿势，穿上任何服装，作为服装店的模特儿。

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. A lay opinion as to the seriousness of the disease.
   关于这种疾病的非专业的意见
2. The lay public must be convinced that this is right and beneficial, and the medical fraternity must be held to the standards of the subuniverse.
   世俗的大众将会相信这是对的并有利的，而医学会友维持在此次级共同体的标准上。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+～(+A)

1. Are your hens laying well?
   你的母鸡下蛋多吗?
2. The hens are not laying well at the moment.
   现在这些鸡下蛋不多。
3. You can't feed a hen in the morning and expect it to lay in the afternoon.
   你不能期望上午喂鸡,下午就生蛋。

用作系动词

S+～+ adj.

1. He lays dead.
   他躺着快要死了。
2. The snow lays thick on the ground.
   雪厚厚地铺在地上。
3. Some books lay loose.
   一些书松开了。
4. The fallen leaves lay wet.
   落叶湿了。
5. The carpet lays smooth.
   毯子铺得很平整。

S+～+ v -ed

1. They lay scattered.
   他们散开了。

用作及物动词

S+～+ n.

1. Lay these pots along the verandas.
   把这些花盆沿走廊放。
2. We all helped her to lay supper.
   我们都动手帮她摆好晚餐。
3. Will you lay the table?
   你摆餐具好吗?
4. Who will lay the linoleum?
   谁将铺设地板油毡?
5. The workers are laying the tracks.
   工人们正在铺铁轨。
6. Recently they have laid an underground pipeline.
   最近他们铺设了一条地下管道。
7. It was in winter that they dug trenches and laid the oil pipes.
   他们是在冬天挖沟铺设油管的。
8. This workman is able to lay bricks very quickly.
   这位工人能快速地铺砖。
9. He had laid the foundation of his future success.
   他已为未来的成功打下了基础。
10. The prisoners laid an escape plan.
    囚犯们制定出越狱计划。
11. He laid the design of the book.
    他已拟好该书的纲要。
12. The earthquake laid the city.
    地震把城市夷为平地。
13. The rain quickly laid the dust.
    雨水很快荡涤了空中飞扬的尘土。
14. Sprinkle water on the road to lay the dust.
    洒水于路上,以免灰尘飞扬。
15. His statement laid the rumor.
    他的声明澄清了这一谣言。
16. The hens lay eggs every day.
    这些鸡每天都下蛋。
17. Her hen lays an egg every other day.
    她的鸡隔天下一个蛋。
18. Last week they laid 30 eggs, but this week the hens aren't laying.
    上星期那些母鸡下了30个蛋,但本周没有下蛋。
19. The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds' nests.
    杜鹃在别的鸟巢中产卵。
20. A turtle lays many eggs at one time.
    海龟一次生很多蛋。
21. Several months later, the larvae became fully grown and the adults began to lay eggs.
    几个月后幼虫长成成虫,开始产卵。
22. They lay this misfortune at your door.
    他们把这一不幸归咎于你。
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23. The country was laid in ruins.
    这个国家成了一片废墟。
24. The books have been lying here ever since they were laid here.
    这些书自放在这里之日起,一直在这里未动过。
25. A new submarine cable was laid from England to Holland.
    英国至荷兰间铺设了新的海底电缆。
26. A preliminary groundwork must be laid this year.
    今年要打好初步基础。
27. A few days after the eggs are laid, young frogs which are called tadpole come out of them.
    卵产下几天以后,称为蝌蚪的青蛙幼虫就从卵里出来了。
28. The scene of the story is laid in the old liberated areas in Jiangxi.
    这个故事以江西老解放区为背景。
29. Her fears were soon laid.
    她的恐惧很快平息了下来。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ n./pron. +(that-)clause

1. I lay you he is wrong.
   我和你打赌,他错了。
2. I'll lay five pounds that you don't succeed.
   我出5英镑打赌,你不会成功。
3. He lays five dollars that she will not come.
   他赌五美元,她不会来。
4. I lay ten yuan Tom is wrong.
   我赌10元,汤姆错了。

用作宾补动词

S+～+ n. +(to be) adj./v -ed

1. The enemy laid waste the whole area by fire.
   敌人纵火烧毁了整个地区。
2. I'll lay the plots open.
   我要揭发那阴谋。
3. Presently he laid the paper carefully folded across his knees and closed his eyes.
   不久他把这张报纸仔细对折好,放在膝盖上,合上了眼睛。
4. They laid bare the enemy's design.
   他们使敌人的计划暴露了。
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5. The trees were laid flat by heavy wind.
   树木被风刮倒了。
6. Crops were laid flat by heavy rainstorms.
   作物被暴风雨击倒了。
7. His head was laid open.
   他的头受伤了。
8. The mystery was soon laid bare.
   秘密很快被披露。

经典引文

• W. S. Gilbert's lay of the two Englishmen wrecked on a desert island.

  出自： E. Huxley

• One can never spontaneously burst into song, however doleful a lay.

  出自： N. Frye

• By venturing my life upon an even lay with him.

  出自： Defoe

• Particular attention must now be given to women, both lay and religious.

  出自：New York Times

• We check the fire by laying flat Each building in its path.

  出自： Browning

• Like flaws in summer laying lusty corn.

  出自： Tennyson

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

lay about¹ (v.+adv.)

乱打 strike wildly with sth
lay about
He laid about with a stick.

他手持棍子奋力冲打。

lay about² (v.+prep.)

猛攻 attack violently
lay about sb/sth
He laid about them with a stick.

他手持棍子猛打他们。
He rushed into the midst of the hooligans and laid about him fearlessly.

他冲到那群恶棍中间,毫无畏惧地向四面八方乱打。
When ruffians attacked him, he laid about them vigorously.

当歹徒攻击他时,他奋勇地跟他们搏斗。

lay aside (v.+adv.)

积蓄(金钱),留出(时间) save money or time

lay away (v.+adv.)

埋葬 bury a person

lay before (v.+prep.)

提交 refer to
lay sth before sb/sth
I laid the matter squarely before him.

我把这一问题直截了当地向他提出来。
The nominating committee laid its slate before the board.

提名委员会把候选人名单提交全体委员会讨论。
We laid the issue before the committee.

我们向委员会提出了这个问题。
The bill has been laid before the Congress.

该议案已提交国会审议。

lay by (v.+adv.)

储蓄,存留(备将来之用) save for future needs
lay sth ⇔ by
Every month he laid by fifty dollars out of his salary.

每月他从薪水中存储50美元。

lay down (v.+adv.)

训斥,发号施令 dress down;give orders

lay for (v.+prep.)

〈非正〉暗中等待(伺机攻击),埋伏着等待 hide and wait for in order to catch or attack
lay for sb/sth
They were laying for him in the dark, and when he went out of his car, they all fell upon him.

他们乘黑暗等着他,他一下车,他们一起向他猛扑过去。
The bandits laid for him in the dark.

歹徒们埋伏在暗处伺机攻击他。 lay sth for sb
The hunter laid a trap for the tiger.

猎人设置了陷阱捕捉老虎。

lay in (v.+adv.)

贮存,储备 store;stock up
lay in with sth
Peter is laying in with good red wine for his wedding party.

彼得正为他的结婚聚会储备红葡萄酒。
Mother is laying in with some peanuts for the Spring Festival.

母亲正为春节准备一些花生。 lay sth ⇔ in
She has laid in provisions against a shortage.

她贮藏粮食以备短缺。
We usually lay in extra coal in case of emergencies .

我们通常额外贮备一些煤,以备急用。
She bought many fresh eggs and preserved them in salted water, because she wanted to lay them in for her little son.

她买了许多鲜蛋用盐水腌了起来,因为她想存起来给她的小儿子吃。
At the beginning of the winter supplies were laid in, in case heavy falls of snow should block the road.

为预防下大雪阻塞道路,在初冬人们就把生活必需品储备起来了。

lay into (v.+prep.)

〈非正〉攻击 attack sb physically or verbally
lay into sb
He's frightened to stay out late in case his mother lays into him again.

他很怕在外边呆得太晚,唯恐母亲又要把他痛打一顿。
At the committee meeting the experts laid into each other fiercely.

在委员会会议上,专家们互相猛烈抨击。
The senator laid into the opponents of his bill.

那位参议员抨击反对他的提案的人。
In a speech of about twenty minutes he laid into the Opposition.

在大约二十分钟的发言中,他痛斥了反对党。
He laid into the defenders and scored a goal.

他攻入守区并踢进一球。

lay off¹ (v.+adv.)

暂时解雇 dismiss temporarily
lay off
The doctor told me to lay off for a week.

医生要我休息一周。
The teacher told him to lay off a couple of days.

老师告诉他休息一两天。 lay off
I wish you would lay off!

但愿你别再说别人不好了。 lay sb ⇔ off
Bill has not lost his job. His firm laid him off for two weeks.

比尔并没有失业,他的公司让他停工两周。
In the economic depression the firm laid off some of their workmen.

经济萧条时,公司临时辞退了一些工人。
The factory had to lay some workers off when its orders decreased.

订货减少,那所工厂得解雇一些工人。
The work force has been laid off.

工人们被辞退了。
Five hundred men were laid off when the factory closed after the fire.

大火过后,这家工厂关闭了,500名工人被解雇。
There has been nothing to do since I got laid off.

从我被解雇以来,我一直没活干。

lay off² (v.+prep.)

停止做某种不快的事 stop doing sth unpleasant

lay on¹ (v.+adv.)

组织,安排 organize;make arrangement for
lay on
The soldiers laid on with a will.

战士们开始猛烈地进攻。
Taking up a stick, he caught the boy and laid on vigorously.

他操起一根棍子,抓住那男孩猛打。 lay on
They all moved into apartments with water and electricity laid on.

他们都搬进了装有水电的单元套房。
We have got a house with gas and water laid on.

我们有了装有煤气和自来水的房子。 lay sth ⇔ on
The firm always lays on a special meal for the staff about Christmas.

圣诞节前后,这家公司总是为全体职员供应一顿特殊的饭。
The telephone is laid on.

电话已安装好了。 lay sth ⇔ on
They laid on two coats of paint.

他们已涂了两层油漆。
She laid the paint on thickly.

她浓浓地抹了一层脂粉。 lay sth ⇔ on
The government has laid on a new tax.

政府已开征新税。
The firm is laying on higher prices.

这个公司正在强行加价。 lay sth ⇔ on
I'll lay on a car tomorrow and have you run down to London.

明天我安排一部车将你送到伦敦市内。
I laid on a party for his birthday.

我为他的生日安排一个庆祝会。
Sightseeing tours were laid on for the distinguished visitors from China.

给中国来的贵宾安排了旅游观光。

lay on² (v.+prep.)

强调,把…强加于某人 emphasize;stress

lay out (v.+adv.)

准备殡葬 prepare a body for burial

lay to (v.+adv.)

(使)停泊 (cause to) come to anchor
lay to off sth
The ship lays to off the coast.

这艘船停泊在海岸外面。 lay sth to off sth
He laid the ship to off the coast.

他把船停泊在海岸外面。

lay up (v.+adv.)

使(某人)呆在床上(或室内) cause sb to stay in bed or indoors

lay with (v.+prep.)

用…铺设 cover (a surface) with sth
lay sth with sth
The floor of the entire house was laid with carpet.

房子里地面都铺了地毯。
This road is laid with asphalt.

这条路是用沥青铺的。

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• lay a carpet 铺地毯
• lay a city〔town〕 flat (地震)把城市〔镇〕夷为平地
• lay a course 按计划进行
• lay a fire 生火
• lay a floor 铺地板
• lay a ghost 驱除鬼怪
• lay a pipe 铺管道
• lay a scheme 策划阴谋
• lay a sewer 安装排水管
• lay a trap 设圈套
• lay a turf 铺草皮
• lay a wager 打赌
• lay a wreath 献花圈
• lay ambush 设埋伏
• lay bombs 埋炸弹
• lay breakfast 摆好桌吃早饭
• lay bricks 砌砖
• lay cloth 铺桌布
• lay colours 涂颜料
• lay doubts 消除疑惑
• lay dust 消除尘土
• lay eggs 下蛋,产卵
• lay explosives 埋炸药
• lay facts 陈述事实
• lay fine 罚款
• lay heads together 研讨计划
• lay indictment 提起公诉
• lay lunch 摆好桌子吃午饭
• lay mines 布雷
• lay pavement 铺路面
• lay plans 准备计划
• lay plaster 抹泥
• lay plates 摆菜盘(准备用餐)
• lay railroad track 铺设铁轨
• lay snare 设陷阱
• lay spirit 驱除鬼魂
• lay submarine cable 铺设海底电缆
• lay supper 摆好桌子吃晚饭
• lay tempest 平息风暴
• lay the basis 打基础
• lay the blanket 盖毯子
• lay the cloth 铺桌布
• lay the crops flat 把庄稼割倒在地
• lay the dust 消除灰尘
• lay the foundation 奠定基础
• lay the land waste 使…成一片荒凉
• lay the table 摆好餐具

～+形容词

• lay asleep 使入睡
• lay bare 露出,揭开
• lay flat 使…倒下
• lay open 揭发,使…暴露
• lay waste 损坏

～+副词

• lay recently 最近铺设
• lay squarely 直截了当地提出
• lay well 下蛋很多
• lay about 乱打
• lay across 横着放
• lay along 顺着放
• lay aside 把…搁在一边
• lay book aside 把书搁在一边
• lay project aside 放弃这个方案
• lay aside the habit of smoking 戒烟
• lay away 把…放在一边,积蓄,抛弃,埋葬
• lay back 使…向后
• lay by 储存,把…放在一边
• lay down 放下,放弃,牺牲,制定,建造,储藏
• lay down a general policy 制订总的方针
• lay down one's arms 放下武器投降
• lay down one's power 放弃权力
• lay down one's precious life 献出宝贵的生命
• lay oneself down to sleep 躺下睡觉
• lay in 储备,储存
• lay in provisions 贮存食物
• lay off 把…放在一边,解雇,停止,打扰
• lay off workers 解雇工人
• lay on 安排(茶点,娱乐,活动等),提供(交通工具等),安装(水,电,煤气)
• lay on a next tax 征收一种新税
• lay on blows 猛烈打击
• lay on water and gas 安装自来水和煤气
• lay out 摊开,展开,安排,布置,设计,花(钱、精力等)
• lay out pictures 设计版面
• lay out the meeting 布置会场
• lay over 推迟某事
• lay to (使)停泊
• lay up 储存,使某人因病卧床
• lay up a car 把汽车搁置不用
• lay up goods 贮藏货物

～+介词

• lay about 向四面八方乱打
• lay across 横跨
• lay across the river 横跨河流
• lay against 靠…放,控告
• lay an accusation against sb 控告某人
• lay along 顺置,顺着放
• lay around 在…周围放置
• lay before 摆到…前面,递交
• lay report before a meeting 向会议提交报告
• lay facts before the committee 将事实提交委员会
• lay one's case before the court 向法院起诉
• lay before the House of Commons 递交下议院
• lay behind 落后于
• lay behind most countries 落后于大多数国家
• lay by 放在…旁边
• lay for 等待时机,埋伏着等待
• lay for the enemies 给敌人设下…
• lay in 挡路,淹没
• lay in the dust 化为灰烬
• lay into 狠打,责骂
• lay off 停止…,戒掉…
• lay off alcohol 戒烟
• lay on 把…放在…,把…强加于
• lay one's hands on 对…下毒手
• lay one's hopes on 指望,期待
• lay stress on 强调
• lay on a second coat of paint 再涂一层漆
• lay duties on imports 对进口货抽税
• lay the books on the desk 把书放在书桌上
• lay one's cards on the table 摊牌
• lay over 涂…,覆盖
• lay to 把船驶入安全地带
• lay to heart 牢记
• lay to rest 埋葬,消除
• lay claim to the property 争财产所有权
• lay under 使某人顺从,使某人服从
• lay with 用…铺
• lay the road with asphalt 用柏油铺路
• lay the yard with straw 将稻草铺在院子里

词语用法

v. (动词)

1. lay的基本意思是“放置成水平位置”。可译为“放,搁,摆”“压倒,放倒”“铺设,敷设”等,引申可指“安排”“布置”“拟定”“提出”等。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接“(to be+) adj./v -ed”充当补足语的复合宾语。
2. lay作“产卵”解时,可用作及物动词,也可省去宾语(通常为eggs)而用作不及物动词。
3. lay作“押,赌”解时通常接双宾语,其间接宾语可以是人,也可以是赌的“标的”,直接宾语则多为that引起的从句。
4. lay也可用作系动词,接形容词或过去分词作表语。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

lay, place, put, set

• 这组词的共同意思是“放置”。其区别是：
• lay强调把某物放置或使某物处于水平位置;而set指使某物处于直立的位置;put强调把某物移进或移出某处或某位置,或使处于某种地位、情况或关系的动作;place则不强调动作,而强调某一确定的地点或情况。例如:
• You placed me in a difficult position.你使我陷入了窘境。
• I put the suitcase on the table.我把手提箱搁在桌上。
• They were setting the table for dinner.他们正在摆餐具准备开饭。

lay, deposit

• 这两个词的共同意思是“放”“放置”。其区别是：
• 1.lay是指将某物平放、横放或摊开放;deposit含有安全保管的意味,并不强调以何种方式放。例如:
• He laid mats on the floor.他把席子摊开放在地板上。
• You can deposit your valuables in the hotel safe.你可以把贵重物品存放到旅馆的保险柜里。
• 2.lay和deposit的对象都可以指一般的东西,此时可互换。此外, deposit还可以指金钱、财物等贵重的或有某种价值的东西。例如:
• He laid〔deposited〕 the books on the desk.他把书放在办公桌上了。
• He's deposited quite a lot of money recently.他最近存入了不小的一笔钱。
• 3.deposit是正式用语;lay是一般用语。

lay, lie

• lie的过去式与lay的现在式同形,故极易混淆,其实这两个词区别很大。lay是及物动词,意为“把…置于”,而lie是不及物动词,意为“躺着,平放,位于”。前者表动作,后者表状态。试比较以下两个句子：
• He laid his dictionary on the shelf.
• 他把词典放在书架上。
• The dictionary is lying on the shelf.
• 那本词典放在书架上。

lay，place，put，set

• 这些动词均有“放”之意。
• lay指小心地把人或物平放或横放，侧重动作安稳。
• place较正式用词，指把某物放在一个正确的位置上，侧重动作的正确。
• put普通用词，含义较广泛。指把人或物置于某处，并将其留在该处。
• set普通用词，指为了某种目的而将人或物放在一定位置上。指物时多指立着放。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 一个职员把一张纸放在书桌上。

   误 A clerk laid a slip of paper.

   正 A clerk laid a slip of paper on the desk.

   析 lay作“放”解时,后面往往要跟一个表示地点的介词短语,否则意思不完整。

2. 他喝醉了躺在大街上。

   误 He was drunk and laid in the street.

   正 He was drunk and lay in the street.

   析 laid是lay(放置)的过去式和过去分词,而表示“躺”,应该说lie,它的过去式和过去分词分别是lay和lain。

3. 玩具散放在地板各处。

   误 The toys were laying about on the floor.

   正 The toys were lying about on the floor.

   析 lay是及物动词,表示“把…放(在某处)”。lie是不及物动词,表示“躺在(某处)”。应注意区别。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自中古英语的lecgan，意为放在地上。

近反义词

【近义词】

• bet
• deposit
• hazard
• place
• produce
• put
• risk
• set
• stake
• turn out
• wager

【反义词】

• ecclesiastical 基督教会的