This paper studies the process that grammatical field restricts grammatical meaning of empty words on the basis of formularizing the relations of all the elements of grammatical field.

• 本文在将语法场各要素的关系公式化的基础上探讨了语法场制约虚词的语法意义的过程,并对马真同志所概括的“已经”和“曾经”的语法意义作了补充。