The theory of the consumer can be presented using either an indifference curve approach, which uses the ordinal properties of utility (that is , which allows for the ranking of alternatives), or a utility function approach.

• 消费者理论可以被用无差异曲线来表示，就是利用有序的资本效用（也就是，哪个考虑到了选择的顺序），或是用效用函数方法表示。