Some studies have suggested a link between PDDs and gastrointestinal (GI) problems such as reflux, stomach pain, bloating, food intolerance, constipation or diarrhea.

• 一些研究已经表明广泛性成长障碍和胃肠道问题如反流，胃疼痛，腹胀，粮食耐受不良，便秘或腹泻等症状都有一定的联系。