Now it has been found opioid receptors exist extensively in myocardium vascular wall, and heart can synthesize EOP as well. These findings indicate that EOP may have direct effects on cardiovascular system.

• 随着研究的深入，发现除中枢外，心肌细胞膜和血管壁存在大量的阿片受体，心脏亦可合成EOP，提示阿片肽对心血管系统具有直接作用。