As the only extrachromosomal DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been shown to play a central role in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and adenosine triphosphate synthesis, which decide the activities of cells.

• DNA 是辐射诱导增殖细胞死亡的主要靶点,线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA)作为惟一的核外遗传物质,其编码基因参与细胞氧化磷酸化(oxidative phosphorization, OXPHOS)和能量代谢,与细胞的存亡息息相关。