Traditionally, a long midline incision extending from the xyphoid to the pubic symphysis was required to treat synchronous multifocal lesions in both the upper and lower urinary tract.

• 对于上下泌尿道同时存在多发性的肿瘤，传统的手术治疗需要一条极长的手术伤口（从胸骨剑突至耻骨联合）。