There are two opposite friction forces in the inner and outer surface of ironing blank, the calculation of dynamics and the choice of lubricant are depended mainly on the friction parameter.

• 变薄拉深时筒坯内外侧与凸、凹模接触面存在两个方向相反的摩擦力,其摩擦参量是力学计算和润滑剂选择的重要依据。