The reason of the increase includes the following aspects: the improvement of production technology, the increase of labour, and the input of fertilizer, while lack of capital is its main restrict.

• 清代皖南平原水稻亩产量的上升可以从生产技术的改进、劳动力使用的增加、肥料投入的增加等三方面得到体现,但资本投入的匮乏是水稻单产提高的重要制约。