The hymenium may be directly exposed to the air, as in the gills of the mushroom (a basidiomycete) or may open into a flask-shaped cavity, as in the perithecia of certain ascomycetes.

• 子实层可能直接暴露于空气，像蘑菇（担子菌）的菌褶，也可能似瓶状开口，如某些子囊菌的子囊壳。