The forest swamp is formed as faulting is static, but when fauts are reactive the basin began settling and the lake water enters the moor, forming oil shale.

• 盆地边界断层控制着成煤作用过程：当断层停止活动时，形成泥炭沼泽；当断层重新活动时，盆地下沉，湖水侵入泥炭沼泽，形成油页岩。