The cations with high positive charge and small ionic radii are suitable to forming hard glasses,and those with low oxidation state and large radii are suitable to forming soft glass...

• 具有高正电荷,小离子半径的阳离子适合形成硬质玻璃,而那些低氧化态、大离子半径的阳离子则适合于形成软质玻璃。