The Japanese Justice Ministry takes a position that the womanwhogives birth, not the biological mother, is the mother of thechild, which critics say is a stance that ignores the interest ofthechild.

• 日本法务省规定,孩子的母亲为生下孩子的人而并非孩子的生母。有评论家为此指出,这忽视了对孩子利益的维护。