The Federal Rules of Evidence, which govern hearings before federal courts and magistrates, adopt the rule that hearsay is inadmissible, and then proceed to carve out more than twenty technical exceptions to that general standard. Rules 802-03.

• 《联邦证据规则》制约联邦法院和治安法官负责的听证，该法采纳不得接受传闻作为证据的规则，但随后又划定了对该一般标准的20多个技术例外（见《规则》第802-803条）。