Secondly, the paper discusses a multi-level relationship through a single retailer and a single manufacturer vertical cooperation promotion models, and analyses coopetition characteristics between the vertical enterprises.

• 接下来，本文通过建立单一制造商和单一零售商的垂直合作促销模型，探讨了多层次交互关系下垂直方向企业各方的竞合特征。