Population growth, urbanization, intensive farming practices, the misuse of antibiotics, environmental degradation, and incursion into previously uninhabited areas have exerted enormous pressure on the microbial world.

• 人口增长、城市化、密集型农耕措施、滥用抗生素、环境退化,以及侵入过去无人居住的地区给微生物世界施加了巨大压力。