Patient selection:107 consecutive Isolated, non-emergency bypass surgery patients performed in Cardiac Science, National Guard Hospital, Saudi Arabia were included.

• 2000年1月1日至2000年12月31日连续在沙特阿拉伯王国国家卫队医院心脏中心接受冠状动脉造影术和冠状动脉搭桥术的病人。