One kind of rectifier is made by heating; a sheet of copper in air until a thin layer of copperoxide forms on one side. The sheet is cut into disks, and these are clamped together with lead washers in tetween.

• 一种整流器是这样造成的、把铜片在空气中加热，直到在一面形成一层薄薄氧化铜。再把这铜片切成圆片，夹在一起，中间垫进铅垫圈。